积极心理学研究现状与展望

文章简述了积极心理学的产生背景和主要研究理论,探讨了积极心理学的特点,指出了当前研究中存在的问题,并对将来的研究进行了展望。     

医学院校数字图书馆用户教育新目标

医学院校数字图书馆的用户教育既有学科的专业性,又具职业的特殊性。文章介绍了用户的意义和内涵,分析了用户教育的理念、教育目标及教育内容,并针对用户教育的宗旨,提出了不同群体的用户教育对策。     

Neuroradiological investigations in mild brain injuries: state of the art and practical recommendations

OBJECTIVES: To clarify the contribution of each technique of neuroradiological and nuclear medicine investigations after mild brain injuries. To analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms of the lesions. To update indications for imaging techniques in the short or long term management. To define the practical recommendations. METHOD: The international databases were consulted for each neuroradiological technique; the most valuable articles were retained for study (PubMed, ). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Standard skull X-rays are obsolete. Craniofacial (bony windows) and brain CT-scan (parenchymal windows) is the most efficient diagnosis tool in the acute phase because of its accessibility. Brain MRI is less accessible in the emergency setting but is feasible in some centers. It is the best choice in the first weeks following mild brain injury but may be normal. Taking into account the limitations of morphological imaging, functional imaging techniques (SPECT, fMRI, PET-scan) are necessary as they may show axonal damage or brain atrophy. There is however the problem of availability. SPECT is the most accessible. Spectro-MRI is promising. In spite of progress in neuroradiological investigation methods, the neuropsychological evaluation and multi-disciplinary treatment of these patients by a skilled team remains of utmost importance.     

线粒体动力学改变对APP/PS1小鼠移植黑色素瘤生长的抑制作用

目的：探讨线粒体动力学的变化对APP/PS1转基因小鼠移植黑色素瘤生长的抑制作用及其机制。方法：将C57BL/6J （C57）和APP/PS1雄性小鼠分为C57移植瘤组（n=7）和APP/PS1移植瘤组（n=7）。观察2组小鼠肿瘤出现时间并计算肿瘤体积,绘制移植瘤生长曲线。光学显微镜观察2组小鼠肿瘤组织形态表现,Western blotting法检测2组小鼠肿瘤组织中线粒体融合蛋白2（Mfn2）、动力相关蛋白1（Drp1）、线粒体分裂蛋白1（Fis1）、泛素化及多泛素化蛋白、LC3、PINK1及Parkin蛋白表达水平。结果：C57移植瘤组和APP/PS1移植瘤组小鼠皮肤下均见肿瘤组织,肿瘤细胞内呈现黑色素颗粒。与C57移植瘤组比较,APP/PS1移植瘤组小鼠出瘤时间晚,肿瘤组织体积小（P<0.05）。小鼠肿瘤组织中Mfn2表达水平降低（P<0.05）,Fis1和Drp1表达水平升高（P<0.05）,泛素化及多聚泛素化蛋白、LC3-Ⅱ、PINK1和Parkin蛋白表达水平升高（P<0.05）。结论：APP/PS1小鼠移植瘤模型肿瘤生长缓慢,其机制可能与PINK1/Parkin通路参与线粒体自噬有关。     

载沣使德述论

光绪二十七年 (1 90 1年 )因义和团运动中发生的克林德事件 ,醇亲王载沣被任命为专使往德国谢罪。这是清朝第一次派亲王出洋。出于报复心理 ,德皇在礼仪问题上刁难载沣使团。德皇要求坐受国书 ,醇亲王行三鞠躬礼 ,且参赞随员须向他叩首。清朝方面不堪受辱 ,为此与德国方面多方交涉转圜 ,最终在勉强挽回清朝面子的基础上礼仪之争得以解决。在整个使德过程中 ,载沣表现的民族气节、才能及谦逊赢得了中外舆论的高度评价     

医院的机构使命与医院药房的管理目标

本文严格论证了医院的机构使命及其与经济效益之间的逻辑关系，并在此基础上指出了医院药房的管理目标和任务。     

A targeted testing program for tuberculosis control and prevention among Baltimore city's homeless population

OBJECTIVE: To identify cases of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and improve access to TB treatment among the inner-city homeless. DESIGN: This is an intervention study describing the impact of a public health program on TB prevention and control. SAMPLE: The target population for the project was residents and recent graduates of a residential addictions recovery program in a faith-based, inner-city mission. INTERVENTION: Faculty and student nurses administered purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin skin tests and TB symptom assessments on site to homeless Mission residents. Residents testing positive for TB infection were referred to the local city health department for follow-up. Residents placed on prophylactic therapy received intensive tracking and coaching interventions to encourage adherence to the 9-month regimen. RESULTS: Ninety-eight percent of the target population was screened for LTBI. Ninety percent of residents requiring treatment for LTBI successfully accessed treatment services. Thirty-three percent of residents completed at least 6 months of treatment. CONCLUSION: The program demonstrated a modest improvement in treatment completion among the inner-city homeless when compared with local City Health Department treatment completion rates. This program demonstrates how a faith-based organization, an academic institution, and local government can successfully partner together to meet community needs.