Effects of a microbubble ultrasound contrast agent on high-intensity focused ultrasound for uterine fibroids: a randomised controlled trial

Objective: To investigate the effects of a microbubble ultrasound contrast agent on high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment of uterine fibroids.

Methods: A total of 120 patients with solitary uterine fibroid were randomly assigned into Groups A, B, C and D. Patients in Groups A and B received 1.5?ml of SonoVue, Groups C and D received 1.5?ml of saline before HIFU ablation. HIFU sonication started at 6?min after administration of SonoVue or saline in Groups A and C, whereas it started at 10?min in Groups B and D. On day 1 after HIFU, magnetic resonance imaging was performed. Patients were followed up via phone or clinic visit during the first week after HIFU.

Results: No significant difference was observed in terms of age, fibroid location, diameter of fibroids, signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging, or tumour volume among the four groups (p?>?0.05). The use of SonoVue significantly shortened the treatment time and sonication time. The sonication start time of 6?min, relative to 10?min, had significant effects on the treatment time and sonication time. The use of intravenous SonoVue followed by HIFU ablation 6?min later significantly increased the rate of significant grey-scale changes (55.9%) and the non-perfused volume ratio (94.2%?±?10.6%). No significant differences were observed in the incidence of intra-procedure and post-HIFU adverse effects among the four groups (p?>?0.05).

Conclusions: SonoVue could be safely used to enhance the ablation effects of HIFU treatment of uterine fibroids.     

聚焦超声联合微泡开放血脑屏障增强脑靶向递送研究进展

血脑屏障(blood-brain barrier,BBB)是药物脑靶向递送的最主要屏障,聚焦超声和微泡联合应用为跨BBB脑靶向递送提供了一种新途径,其主要机制为空化效应。本综述概括了近年来采用聚焦超声联合微泡增强BBB通透性实现药物脑靶向递送的相关研究,详细论述了聚焦超声及其作用机制;商品化微泡种类、常用微泡膜材、内核气体和制备方法;聚焦超声联合微泡开放BBB机制及安全性考虑等。聚焦超声联合微泡可能是增强BBB通透性、提高药物脑靶向递送的有效策略,其相关研究可为临床实际应用提供参考。     

TATp和CXCR4修饰的载V P3基因超声微泡制备及体外寻靶实验

目的：制备一种载VP3基因、反式激活转录激活肽（TATp）与基质细胞衍生因子‐1（SDF‐1）同时修饰的新型载基因高分子靶向超声造影剂,表征其性质。方法采用W／O／W双乳化法制备载基因超声微泡。并通过硫醚键将SDF‐1与TATp共价连接到聚乳酸／羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）微泡的表面,制备成靶向载基因超声微泡。Malvern测量仪测定其粒径、分布及表面电位,流式细胞仪及共聚焦显微镜检测TATp、SDF‐1在高分子微泡表面的连接状况,酶切反应实验鉴定其对DNA的保护性,光镜观察及流式细胞仪初步评估其体外寻靶能力,超声考察体外成像。结果靶向载基因超声微泡呈规则球形。粒径为（536．00±16．55）nm ,分布集中,表面电位为（－0．08±0．08）mV。平均载药量为0．62％,平均包封率为36．13％。对DNA保护作用持续60 min ,未见损坏。TATp、SDF‐1同时加载于PLGA微泡表面的连接率为69．84％。体外寻靶实验显示,靶向微泡较多地稳定簇聚在舌癌SCC‐15细胞膜上,连接率为91．44％。而非靶向微泡较少结合,连接率为12．96％。体外超声显像呈细小点状、均匀高回声。结论成功制备出TATp‐SDF‐1‐VP3‐PEG‐PLGA微泡,其能在体外高效靶向结合舌鳞癌SCC‐15细胞,且短时间穿过细胞膜。体外成像效果较好。     

静注氟碳微泡增强颅内彩色血流信号的实验研究

目的与方法⑶应用彩色多普勒血流图对 ６ 只兔子在静注 ３ 种 ２ 个剂量手振氟碳微泡造影剂前后颅内彩色血流信号进行观察⒚结果⑶３ 种氟碳造影剂 ２ 个剂量注射均可使颅内彩色血流信号增强⒚结论⑶静注手振氟碳微泡造影剂能增强颅内彩色血流信号⒙有较大的潜在应用价值⒚     

Influence of Exposure Time and Pressure Amplitude on Blood?Brain-Barrier Opening Using Transcranial Ultrasound Exposures

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