诺西那生钠注射液治疗儿童脊髓性肌萎缩症疗效观察

目的:探讨脊髓性肌萎缩症(SMA)患儿应用诺西那生钠注射液的临床疗效及安全性。 方法:选取 2022 年 1-6 月于我院 接受诺西那生钠鞘内注射治疗的 SMA 患儿 26 例,于治疗当天(T0)、第 14 天(T1)、第 28 天(T2)及第 63 天(T3)评估并比较 Hammersmith 扩展功能运动量表(HFMSE)、上肢模块修订版(RULM)、6 分钟步行试验(6MWT)及不良反应发生情况。 结果:与 T0 比较,T3 时 HFMSE 评分升高[(20. 69± 14. 64 ) 分 vs. ( 23. 38± 15. 69) 分, P< 0. 01]。 与 T0 比较,T3 时 RULM 评分升高 [(18. 27±10. 15)分 vs. (19. 88±10. 21)分,P<0. 05]。 结论:SMA 患儿应用诺西那生钠注射液治疗后,HFMSE 和 RULM 评分显 著提高,近端肢体运动功能明显改善,且无明显不良反应发生     

Assessing DUI risk: examination of the Behaviors & Attitudes Drinking & Driving Scale (BADDS)

Despite research findings indicating attitudinal differences among drivers with and without a history of driving under the influence (DUI) offenses, there are no well-established instruments specifically designed to clinically assess drinking and driving attitudes and behaviors among adults. The purpose of this current series of three studies was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Behaviors & Attitudes Drinking & Driving Scale (BADDS). The BADDS was developed in previous studies by the authors and assesses respondents' rationalizations for drinking and driving, likelihood of future drinking and driving, drinking and driving behaviors, and riding with a drinking driver behavior in the previous month. Study 1 (N=179) and Study 2 (N=338) assessed college participants, while Study 3 gathered data from adult DUI offenders (N=160) and non-DUI offenders (N=166). Results indicate good to excellent test-retest reliability and internal consistency estimates for BADDS scale scores. Support for the construct validity as well as concurrent and predictive criterion validity of BADDS scores was also demonstrated. Potential applications for the measure, as well as need for future research are described.     

Startle amplitude during unpleasant pictures is greater in veterans with a history of multiple‐suicide attempts and predicts a future suicide attempt

Recent studies demonstrate that veterans exhibit higher suicide risk compared with the general U.S. population. A prior suicide attempt is a well‐documented predictor of suicide death. Despite increased attention to clinical risk factors of suicide and efforts to develop psychosocial interventions to reduce suicide risk, the underlying biological factors that confer this risk are not well understood. This study examined affect‐modulated startle (AMS) during a series of intermixed unpleasant, neutral, and pleasant pictures in a sample of 108 demographically‐matched veterans at low (passive ideators: n = 26) and high risk (active ideators: n = 29; single attempters: n = 28; and multiple attempters: n = 25) for suicide based on the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. An exploratory aim involved a longitudinal component in a subset of the high‐risk sample that went on to participate in a randomized 6‐month clinical trial. We investigated whether baseline AMS predicts a subsequent suicide attempt at 12‐month follow‐up. Compared with the other three groups, multiple attempters showed greater startle potentiation during unpleasant pictures and deficient overall startle habituation from early to later trials. The groups did not differ in startle during neutral or pleasant pictures, or self‐reported picture valence. Greater startle during unpleasant pictures was associated with greater emotion dysregulation as measured by the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale and a future suicide attempt assessed prospectively at 12‐month follow‐up. These findings suggest that startle potentiation during unpleasant pictures in multiple‐suicide attempters is a promising psychophysiological biomarker of suicide risk and underscore the clinical importance of targeting emotion dysregulation in the treatment of patients at‐risk for suicide.     

药物联合指压按摩治疗卒中后抑郁临床研究

目的:观察药物联合指压按摩治疗卒中后抑郁的临床疗效。方法:将104例卒中后抑郁患者随机平均分为对照组和观察组。对照组给予常规治疗和护理,观察组在对照组基础上服用自拟解郁通络汤和指压按摩治疗。在治疗前和治疗后6周末进行汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)、神经功能缺损程度评分(MSSS)和Barthel指数评分,比较2组临床疗效。结果:经过治疗后,观察组HAMD、MSSS和Barthel评分优于对照组,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组治疗后HAMD评分、MSSS评分、Barthel指数评分均明显改善,与治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组有效率为92.31%,高于对照组78.85%,两组有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:药物联合指压按摩治疗卒中后抑郁可以降低患者的抑郁程度和神经功能缺损程度,改善生活自理能力,提高临床有效率。     

结核病相关病耻感量表的研制与评价

目的 研制和评价适用于我国的结核病相关病耻感量表.方法 采用结核病相关病耻感量表对1 342例结核病患者进行测评,利用SAS 9.4和AMOS 17.0对量表的信效度进行分析.结果 结核病相关病耻感量表共有3个维度9个条目,量表的总体Cronbach's α系数为0.88,各维度Cronbach's α系数为0.85、0.60和0.66;结核病相关病耻感量表二阶多因子模型的适配度指标分别为x2/df为4.162,RMSEA为0.049,GFI为0.962,AGFI为0.911,CFI为0.919.结论 结核病相关病耻感量表具有较高的信效度,可以作为我国结核病患者病耻感的测评工具.     

脑外伤患者血清兴奋性氨基酸水平与功能性恢复的分析

目的 探讨脑外伤患血清氨基酸水平与功能恢复的相关性。方法 采用高效液相色谱法（ＨＰＬＣ）检测了３０例脑外伤患外伤后２４ｈ内和６ｄ后的血甭中谷氨酸（ＧＬＵ）的水平,并在２４ｈ内采用格拉斯歌昏迷量表计分（ＧＣＳ０及２０ｄ后功能独立性９ＦＩＭ）的评定值进行相关性研究。结果 显示血清ＧＬＵ（２４ｈ）的水平和ＧＣＳ、ＦＩＭ得分呈良好的负相关,将２４ｙ测量的血清ＧＬＵ浓度与６ｄ血清ＧＬＵ浓度值比较,分为持     

对入院患者心理状态评估方法的比较

目的 :通过主观和量表评定法的比较 ,使临床心理评估更加省时、准确及具有科学性 ;方法 :对新入院 10 2例经主观评定法评估为焦虑、抑郁、正常的患者 ,同时采用量表评定法 (SAS SDS)进行心理测验。结果 :两种评估法差异非常显著。单纯为焦虑者仅占 1.96 % ,抑郁者占 32 .35 % ,二者同时存在者占 2 0 .5 9% ,与主观评定法的符合率为 9.80 % ;结论 :临床护士需要将主观评定法与量表评定法结合起来进行心理状态的评估 ,提出护理问题 ,进行有预见性地护理 ,制定相应的护理措施 ,保证心理护理具有科学性     

An Italian–Australian comparison of quality of life among people with intellectual disability living in the community

This paper reports the measurement of both objective and subjective quality of life in samples of people either with intellectual disability or from the general adult population, drawn from Australia and Italy. Measures were made using the Comprehensive Quality of Life Scale. Generally, it was found that the scores for all groups were comparable. This finding is consistent with the provision of generally decent objective living conditions in both countries and subjective well-being homeostasis, wherein subjective quality of life is held within a predictable range. These results are discussed in the context of measurement difficulties imposed by the need for simple Likert scales and subjective data which are strongly negatively skewed.