简单灵敏的免疫复合物抗原特异性固相酶联检测法

本文将聚乙二醇(PEG)比浊法和固相酶联免疫法(ELISA)结合,建立了—较灵敏的免疫复合物(IC)直接固相吸附抗原特异性检测法。利用牛清蛋白(BSA)为已知抗原组份的IC模型,分别对IC直接固相吸附的条件和影响因素、方法的灵敏度、重复性等进行了研究。结果发现IC在解离状态下直接固相吸附后的抗原特异性检测灵敏度明显高于未解离者。该法具有简单易行,灵敏度较高、适于临床测定大量血清样品等优点。     

人急性胰腺炎早期外周血单核细胞Toll样受体4及CD14表达变化

目的探讨人急性胰腺炎早期外周血单核细胞（peripheral blood monocytes，PBMCs）表面Tbll样受体4（toll like receptor4，TLR4）、CD14表达变化。方法收集发病24h内入院的早期急性胰腺炎病人36例，采集入院当日及第3、第7日外周血，分离单核细胞。用流式细胞术检测单核细胞表面TLR4、CD14表达变化情况。同时检测血清肿瘤坏死因子（tumor necrosis factor alpha，TNF-α）、白细胞介素6（interleukin6，IL-6），研究它们之间的相关性。结果急性胰腺炎病人外周血单核细胞表面TLR4发病后表达上调，在轻症病人渐下降，1周左右恢复正常。TNF-α的变化一致。结论人急性胰腺炎早期可能通过先天性免疫门户蛋白TLR4激活单核巨噬细胞系统导致TNF-α等促炎细胞因子的产生和释放。     

江门市区实施乙型肝炎免疫策略16年的效果评价

目的：对江门市区1986年1月1日起全面实施的乙型肝炎(乙肝)免疫策略进行效果评价。方法：运用血清流行病学调查和疫情资料对比分析，比较实施“免疫策略”前后江门市区0～15岁人群乙肝发病率和感染率变化情况和乙肝表面抗体(抗-HBs)增长情况。结果：实施“免疫策略”后16年，0～15人群的乙肝发病率由1985年的367．39／10万，降至2001年的21．10／10万，下降94．26％；HBsAg阳性率由1985年的9．17％降至2002年的0．6％，下降93．46％；乙肝病毒总感染率由1985年的35．82％降至2002年的1．20％，下降96．65％；抗-HBs阳性率由1985年的24．64％上升到2002年的93．00％，上升2．77倍。结论：江门市区现行乙肝免疫策略效果显，能有效预防和控制地区性大面积的乙肝流行与传播。经过一代人的努力，能彻底改变人口乙肝高发病率和HBV高感染率及高携带率的状况。     

Treatment of hepatitis B and C after liver transplantation. Part 1, hepatitis B

Abstract The outcome of OLT for HBV-related liver disease is dependent on the prevention of allograft re-infection. Over the past decade, major advances have been made in the management of HBV transplant candidates. The advent of long-term hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) administration as a prophylaxis against HBV recurrence, and the introduction of new antiviral agents against HBV infection, such as lamivudine (LAM), were a major breakthrough in the management of these patients. Results of OLT for HBV infection are similar to those achieved with other indications. Pre-OLT antiviral treatment such as LAM can suppress HBV replication before OLT and thus decrease the risk of re-infection of the graft. Combination prophylaxis with LAM and HBIG after transplantation highly effectively reduces the rate of HBV re-infection, even in HBV replicative cirrhotic, patients. The optimal HBIG protocol in the LAM era is yet to be defined: dosing of HBIG, routes of administration, and possibility of stopping HBIG. Several antiviral drugs have been developed for the management of HBV infection on the graft, so outcome is currently good.     

Oral administration of an edible-mushroom-derived protein inhibits the development of food-allergic reactions in mice

BACKGROUND: Food allergy is a common disease without effective treatment. Since strict elimination of food allergens may be difficult, strategies for effective intervention are urgently needed. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to investigate the prophylactic use of orally administrated FIP-fve, an immunomodulatory protein isolated from the edible mushroom Flammulina velutipes, in a murine model of food allergy. METHODS: BALB/c mice were immunized twice intraperitoneally with ovalbumin (OVA), at an interval of 2 weeks. Before and during each period of immunization, FIP-fve (200 microg per mouse) or phosphate-buffered saline was given orally every other day with a total of five doses. Then OVA-specific antibodies and cytokine profiles were determined. Subsequently, the mice were orally challenged with OVA. Symptoms of anaphylaxis, levels of plasma histamine, and histology of intestines were examined. RESULTS: Mice receiving oral FIP-fve treatment during sensitization to OVA had an impaired OVA-specific IgE response with a Th1-predominant cytokine profile. These mice were protected from systemic anaphylaxis-like symptoms induced by subsequent oral challenge with OVA. CONCLUSION: Oral administration of FIP-fve has a Th1-skewing effect on the development of the allergen-specific immune response, and may serve the purpose of immunoprophylaxis for food allergy and other allergic diseases.     

100例SARS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群分析

目的 :探讨SARS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群变化。方法 :采用流式细胞仪检测10 0例SARS住院患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群。结果 :与正常组比较 ,SARS组白细胞总数显著下降 ,淋巴细胞百分数和绝对数显著下降 ,粒细胞绝对数显著下降 ,CD3 、CD4 、CD8 细胞绝对数显著下降 ,CD4 细胞百分数 ,CD8 细胞百分数及CD4 /CD8 比值差异无统计学意义。比较SARS患者各病程CD3 、CD4 、CD8 ,于病程第一至第三周较第四周下降明显 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,病程第一至第三周之间差别无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;结论 :SARS患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群的变化对阐明SARS的发病机制有一定意义。     

癫痫患者的红细胞免疫粘附功能的初步研究

本文用Ｃ（３ｂ）受体花环试验及ＩＣ花环试验分别测定了５０例正常人及５０例癫痫患者的红细胞Ｃ（３ｂ）受体花环率及ＩＣ花环率。结果提示癫痫患者Ｃ（３ｂ）受体花环率（８．４６±３．９８％）明显低于正常对照组（１３．９２±４．３２％）（Ｐ＜０．００１），ＩＣ花环率（５．２２±２．５９％）稍低于正常对照组（５．９０±１．６７％）（Ｐ＜０．０５）。表明癫痫患者的红细胞免疫粘附功能是低下的。文章还对影响正常人及癫痫患者红细胞免疫粘附功能的因素进行了讨论。     

马桑内酯所致癫痫发作大鼠红细胞免疫粘附功能的研究

作者用红细胞Ｃ＿３ｂ受体花环试验和红细胞免疫复合物花环试验对马桑内酯所致癫痫发作大鼠红细胞免疫粘附功能的变化进行了观察，结果表明，癫痫组动物红细胞Ｃ＿３ｂ受体花环率明显低于对照组，而红细胞免疫复合物花环率相差不显著．提示癫痫发作可导致大鼠红细胞免疫粘附功能降低，因此在癫痫治疗中注意调整和增强患者的红细胞免疫功能具有重要意义。     

旁路活化补体降低PMN吞杀绿脓杆菌力的实验研究

为证明论题,本文做了3项实验:(1)人血PMN培养单层加上酵母多糖活化人血清(ZAHS)。PMN的超氧离子(O_2~-)、特殊颗粒(SG)与胞内杀菌力(ICBA)明显平行下降,于6 h最低,0.05 ml的作用最强。(2)经小鼠尾静脉注射0.5ml ZAHS/鼠,6 h后活杀。肺和血内PMN的上述指标均明显降低;肺内病变明显:急性间质炎,灶性水肿出血和萎陷,肺血屏障亚微结构损伤。(3)经抗人C_3、C_5血清(AHC_(3.5)S)体外中和的ZAHS,在体内外实验中均失去其有害作用。提示:ZAHS的有害作用与C_3、C_5碎片有关,在剂量适中且吞菌前作用时间较长的条件下方显极效。有害作用的可能机制:杀菌且能致炎的O_2~-与SG大多已于吞菌前排放在胞外,所以PMN的ICBA下降;累积于组织内的则损害PMN自身及其邻近的肺血屏障。这便于MOF与感染发生。     

Natural killer cell activity and CSF monoamine metabolites in suicide attempters

The aim of this study was to investigate markers of serotonin and immune function in suicidal patients. Cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells (NK) and CD16 lymphocytes were studied in 28 suicide attempters and 26 healthy controls, and related in patients to 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Patients with CSF 5-HIAA below the median had significantly lower NK cell activity than other patients. CD16 cell frequency was significantly lower in patients than in controls, and patients also tended to have lower NK cell cytotoxicity than healthy controls. There were no statistically significant correlations between 4-hydroxy-3methoxyphenyl glycol (HMPG), homovanillic acid (HVA), CSF cortisol and NK cell activity. The results support the hypothesis of compromised immune function in suicidal patients with evidence of disordered serotonin function.