大鼠周龄及切片厚度对脊髓片培养神经细胞活性的影响

目的探讨离体培养脊髓片的理想厚度和大鼠的最佳周龄。方法通过不同周龄的大鼠(1周、2周、3周、4周龄各10只,共40只),以及不同厚度(切片厚度分为:100μm、200μm、300μm以及400μm 4种)的脊髓组织切片培养,采用MTT技术进行脊髓片培养细胞的活性鉴定,观察脊髓片培养不同时间点其神经细胞的活性。结果1~7 d鼠龄的脊髓组织片培养1~14 d时细胞活性最高,但其神经细胞结构形态容易受到破坏,不利于观察,且在培养超过14 d时神经细胞活性明显下降;2~3周鼠龄的脊髓组织片培养细胞,在培养14 d后仍有较高的神经细胞的活性并保持较好的细胞形态结构;1~4各周龄组大鼠200μm和300μm左右厚度的脊髓片培养神经细胞活性最稳定(85%~95%)。结论进行离体脊髓片培养,选择7~14 d(即1~2周龄)大鼠作为取材对象较为理想,选择200μm~300μm切片厚度的脊髓片进行培养较为合适。     

天然细胞生长调控因子对原代培养神经细胞生长影响的实验研究

目的：观察天然细胞生长调控因子（NCGCF）对原代培养的神经细胞生长的影响，探讨其作用机理。方法：取Wistar大鼠乳鼠的大脑皮层神经细胞作原代细胞培养，将培养皿编号后分别在奇数孔加入NCGCF，偶 孔加入对照剂，倒置相差显微镜下观察两组神经细胞的生长情况。结果：加入NCGCF的实验组的神经细胞其突起长度较对照组长，生存时间也较对照组延长，差别均有显著性意义（均P＜0．01）。结论：NCGCF具有促进神经细胞突起的生长并延长神经细胞生存时间的作用。     

医院文化的哲学伦理内核及其在现代医院管理中的重要作用

医院管理不是孤立自存的现象,由于管理者和被管理都生活在一定的医院文化氛围之中,因此,医院文化的哲学内核是现代医院管理知识的精髓,医院组织的价值观念、道德准则和思维方式,深刻地影响和制约着现代医院管理的原则和方法,决定着现代医院管理的实施和成败。     

备用根大鼠脊髓后角提取液中神经营养活性组分的分离及生物活性测定

制作备用根大鼠脊髓后角提取液，取其分子量大于10kD的组分进行SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分析，发现手术侧和非手术侧的电泳区带数目大致相同，但手术侧样品的第四条蛋白质区带扫描的吸收峰面积百分比大于非手术侧样品的第四条区带，两者在量上可能有差别。将手术侧样品经交联葡聚精G-75凝胶层析，得到两个洗脱峰．第一峰洗脱液有促进体外培养的背根节神经元存活及其突起生长的作用，其电泳分析显示4条主带，分子量在40～80kD之间．实验结果提示部分去传入纤维支配的脊髓后角组织含有神经营养活性物质，该物质的分子量约在40～78kD之间．     

Microbial aspects of home enteral nutrition–a discussion

Factors that might contribute to the microbial contamination of enteral feeds prepared and administered in the home are reviewed and the significance of this contamination discussed. Numbers, types and sources of micro-organisms, and possible routes for contamination of home enteral feeds, are outlined and the role of cleaning and disinfection in reducing the microbial load is discussed. Some preliminary guidelines are suggested for the handling of enteral feeds in the home.     

The mitogenic effect of KGF and the expression of its cell surface receptor on cultured normal and malignant human oral keratinocytes and on contiguous fibroblasts

This study examined the mitogenic response to keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) of normal and tumour-derived human oral keratinocytes in which the degree of cellular differentiation was known and in contiguous fibroblast cultures derived from the malignant epithelial cultures. Keratinocytes, but not fibroblasts, were stimulated by KGF. There by demonstrating epithelial target cell specificity of the ligand. KGF-induced stimulation of the tumour-derived keratinocytes cultured in the absence of the 3T3 fibroblast support broadly correlated with the degree of cellular differentiation; well-differentiated keratinocytes were stimulated more by KGF than their less differentiated counterparts. Malignant oral keratinocytes expressed KGF cell surface receptors (K_D 451-709 pM; receptors/cell 2306-413645), but KGF receptor mRNA did not correlate with either KGF-induced mitogenesis or the degree of epithelial cell differentiation. When the tumour-derived keratinocytes were cultured in the presence of 3T3 fibroblasts, the mitogenic response to KGF was comparable to normal epithelial cells. The results suggest that KGF-mediated growth stimulation may not be significant in providing a selective advantage for the growth of malignant keratinocytes.     

Models of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a heterogenous disease likely to be caused by more than one specific aetiological factor. In rare familial cases of PD with similar clinical features to the idiopathic form of the disease, the underlying genetic cause has been identified. These PD-associated genes have been manipulated to create animal and cell culture models of the disease that have helped to further our understanding of the pathogenesis of PD, particularly concerning causes of the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons at the molecular level. In addition, these models will aid the future development of rational therapeutic strategies. This study briefly reviews toxin-induced models and the genetics of PD. It focuses on recently developed animal models of PD, as well as in vitro approaches to model the disease.     

鸡胚股骨无血清培养研究软骨形成和骨形成

为探讨软骨形成和骨形成的作用机制，用孵化14天鸡胚股骨进行无血清培养，对其细胞增殖分化和基质矿化情况进行观察。结果显示：股骨在培养期间长度增长，骺端增大。软骨细胞、成骨细胞增殖分化成熟;成骨细胞分泌基质小泡和类骨质，并有奶盐沉积。提示鸡胚股骨在无血清培养条件下，可在体外进行软骨形成和骨形成，此模型可用来进行骨形成研究。     

全胚胎体外培养方法筛查致畸原的应用

全胚胎体外培养技术是将孕第９．５天的大鼠胚胎从子宫移至体外培养，培养期间在培养基中加入不同的化合物，由于排除了母体和胎盘因素，可以观察到这些化合物对胚胎生长发育的直接影响。应用该技术研究了青霉素、敌枯双、放线菌素Ｄ和高浓度葡萄糖四种化合物对胚胎生长发育的直接影响，结果发现在体外培养时也可导致胚胎死亡、畸形和胚胎生长发育迟缓，所导致的畸形与在整体动物实验结果相同。同时发现化合物在导致胚胎死亡、畸形和生长发育迟缓方面具有明显的剂量－效应关系。通过比较这种化合物导致胚胎死亡、畸形和发育迟缓的剂量－效应曲线的关系，推测其导致胚胎畸形的可能性以及畸形胚胎存活的可能性，从而推测化合物在实际中真正致畸的可能性。