睡眠呼吸暂停患者颈动脉超声多普勒参数分析

目的：为了研究睡眠呼吸暂停综合征（ＳＡＳ）患者的颈动脉Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ超声表现并探讨血流参数的变化。方法：用彩色多普勒超声仪，７．０ＭＨｚ探头，选择４０例ＳＡＳ患者作双侧颈动脉Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ超声检查，并与４０例无ＳＡＳ、性别、年龄、基础疾病相匹配的对照组比较。结果：①粥样斑块的发生率ＳＡＳ组为４２．５％，对照组为３２．５％（Ｐ＜０．０５）。②阻力指数（ＲＩ）测定ＳＡＳ组明显高于非ＳＡＳ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。③颈内动脉流速与颈总动脉流速比值（ＶＩＣＡ／ＶＣＣＡ）两组间有非常显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。④ＳＡＳ组颈动脉频谱形态多有改变，文中列出四种波形。结论：作者认为，ＳＡＳ患者颈动脉硬化多较显著，血液动力学改变以外周阻力增加为主。     

Effect of changes in optic nerve elasticity on central retinal artery blood flow in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension

PurposeTo assess changes in central retinal artery (CRA) blood flow by orbital color-coded Doppler ultrasonography in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and their relation with optic nerve (ON) elasticity assessed by shear wave elastography (SWE).MethodsThis study was carried out on 68 eyes of patients diagnosed with IIH and 32 eyes of healthy controls. The severity of papilledema in IIH patients was sub-classified into mild and moderate/severe groups. Color-coded Doppler was used to measure peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV), mean velocity (V_mean) and pulsatility index (PI) of the CRA.ResultsPSV, V_mean, and SWE were significantly higher in patients with IIH than in controls (p = 0.001). The optimal cut-off values of PSV and V_mean for differentiating IIH patients from controls were 11.25 and 6.75 cm/s with AUC 0.81 and 0.785 respectively. AUC was 0.92 and accuracy 91% for combined PSV, V_mean and SWE differentiation between IIH patients and controls. PSV, V_mean and SWE were significantly different between mild versus moderate/severe papilledema (p = 0.001). PSV and V_mean were correlated with papilledema (r = 0.790 and 0.722 respectively) and SWE (r = 0.818 and 0.761 respectively).ConclusionIIH is associated with decreased ON elasticity and reduced CRA blood flow. Individual and combined color-coded Doppler of the CRA and SWE help in diagnosis of IIH. CRA hemodynamic changes are correlated with papilledema severity and with the extent of biomechanical changes in the ON represented by SWE.