Effect of Bendazac Lysine on lens and retina in diabetics

The possible beneficial effects on the lens and retina which Bendazac Lysine may have in the treatment of adult diabetic patients were investigated. Twenty patients, ranging in age from 54.80 ± 5.86 years old, were studied. The average duration of the diabetes was 11.32 ± 4.10 years. Thirteen patients had background retinopathy. The metabolic controls carried out during the study were satisfactory (HbA1<11%). Bendazac Lysine (500 mg three times a day) was administered for 6 months. Blood-retinal barrier permeability (VPR and VPRt) and lens transmittance (t) were evaluated prior to and 6 months after treatment by fluorophotometry. No statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-treatment values of the retina permeability were observed, however, there was a statistically significant improvement (p<0.05) (initial value: t= 0.813 ± 0.040 and final value: t=0.823 ± 0.037) in the lens transmittance. The authors conclude that Bendazac Lysine has a beneficial effect on the lens in the diabetic adult although no improvement in the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier has been observed.     

Evaluation of local cerebral glucose utilization and the permeability of the blood-brain barrier in the genetically epilepsy-prone rat

Summary The genetically epileptic-prone rat (GEPR) is a valuable model for the study of gene-linked abnormalities involved in epilepsy. In comparison with normal Sprague-Dawley controls, we found, in GEPRs, a marked depression in local cerebral glucose utilization, widespread throughout the brain. This depression was accompanied by a significant increase of blood-brain barrier permeability and a reduction in regional blood volume. Finally GEPRs showed lower plasma levels of total triiodothyronine than normal controls. One can speculate that alterations in cerebral metabolism and microvascular regulation and thyroid hormone imbalance may be gene-linked factors involved in seizure susceptibility.     

几种评价保湿产品无创性测试方法的相关性评价

目的:对测量皮肤角质层含水量和屏障功能的几种无创性皮肤测试方法进行相关性评价。方法:采用SKICON-200测定皮肤电导法、皮肤保水功能测定、TEWL测定、受试者主观评价的方法,比较某种保湿霜/精华素使用前、后皮肤角质层含水量和屏障功能的变化,并分析这些方法之间的相关性。结果:保湿霜的效果优于精华素,SKICON-200测定皮肤电导法、皮肤保水功能测定以及部分受试者临床症状和主观评价指标(如红斑、脱屑情况,皮肤滋润度的改善、皮肤细纹数量变化和皮肤弹性改善)有很好的平行关系。TEWL结果在本试验中变化不大,与上述指标没有平行关系。结论:SKICON-200测定皮肤电导法、皮肤保水功能测定适合用于保湿化妆品的功效评价。TEWL测定对于屏障功能受损的皮肤可能更敏感,对于健康皮肤使用前、后比较可作为参考指标。     

表皮生长因子改善移植小肠黏膜屏障功能的实验研究

目的了解表皮生长因子(epidermalgrowthfactor,EGF)对移植小肠通透性及细菌易位的作用。方法以Wistar大鼠为供体,SD大鼠为受体行异位全小肠移植,并以环孢素A(CsA,6mg.kg-1.d-1,im)抑制排斥反应。表皮生长因子组(EGF组)用微量输液泵持续均匀输入EGF200μg.kg-1.d-1;对照组输入等量生理盐水。第7天以乳果糖及甘露醇行移植肠灌注并收集尿液行高效液相色谱仪分析乳果糖及甘露醇含量,第8天采集移植肠系膜淋巴结及门静脉血行细菌培养。结果对照组尿液中乳果糖含量[(0.093±0.008)vs(0.015±0.002),P=0.0001]及乳果糖/甘露醇比值[(0.132±0.021)vs(0.020±0.005),P=0.0001]明显高于基准,EGF组乳果糖含量[(0.043±0.008)vs(0.015±0.002),P=0.0054]及乳果糖/甘露醇比值[(0.060±0.017)vs(0.020±0.005),P=0.0029]也较基准增加,EGF组乳果糖含量[(0.043±0.008)vs(0.093±0.008),P=0.0067)及乳果糖/甘露醇比值[(0.060±0.017)vs(0.132±0.021),P=0.0116]显著低于对照组。EGF组移植肠系膜淋巴结细菌阳性率为10%,对照组阳性率为60%,明显高于EGF组(P=0.028)。EGF组与对照组门静脉血培养阳性率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论本研究提示EGF能够降低同种移植小肠的通透性及细菌易位率,改善肠黏膜屏障功能。     

Immunofluorescent labeling of tight junctions in the rat brain and spinal cord

Tight junctions may play an important role in maintaining the integrity of the blood-brain barrier. These junctions can be individually visualized using electron microscopy but no current technique is able to provide a more global picture of the presence and density of tight junctions in central nervous system tissue. We used an antibody that recognizes a high molecular weight protein (ZO-1) associated with tight junctions, to identify these specialized junctions within the rat brain and spinal cord. Immunofluorescent labeling showed a network of tight junctions between cells in the brain vasculature, leptomeninges and choroid plexus, and between tanycytes lining the floor of the third ventricle and the central canal of the spinal cord. Anti-ZO-1 labeled the majority of cells associated with the blood-brain barrier and may prove a useful marker, possibly in conjunction with functional dye studies, in evaluating the anatomical and functional integrity of the blood-brain barrier.     

碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对受照后大鼠血脑屏障的影响

目的评价定量检测放射性血脑屏障（BBB）破坏的不同方法，探讨碱性成纤维细胞生长因子（bFGF）对放射性BBB破坏的保护作用。方法60只急性放射性脑损伤模型大鼠（直线加速器6MeV电子束单次照射25Gy）分为单纯照射组和照射前尾静脉注射bFGF组（250ng／kg），并设未照射对照组；分别于照射后2、7和30d采用脑干-湿重法检测脑含水量，并用单次静脉注射3mg／kg伊文氏蓝（EB）后脑组织的EB含量法评估BBB破坏情况。结果照射后脑组织含水量和EB含量均较对照组明显增高，注射bFGF组脑组织含水量和EB含量均低于单纯照射组（P〈0．05）。受照后不同日期的脑组织EB含量差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05），而脑含水量差异没有统计学意义。结论注射EB后检测脑组织，浓度法较干湿重法测脑含水量能更好地反映BBB的破坏情况；bFGF对受照后BBB破坏有保护作用。     

葡萄膜炎并发白内障超声乳化手术前后的血-房水屏障功能变化

目的通过检测超声乳化白内障吸除联合人工晶状体植入手术前后，葡萄膜炎并发白内障患者房水蛋白浓度，并以老年性白内障患者为对照，了解手术对葡萄膜炎并发白内障患者血-房水屏障的影响，评价术后前房炎性反应的特点。方法对24例（26只眼）葡萄膜炎并发白内障患者及60例（64只眼）老年性白内障患者施行超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入手术，应用激光蛋白细胞检测仪定量检测并比较手术前后的前房蛋白浓度。结果葡萄膜炎并发白内障患者与老年性白内障患者在超声乳化吸除联合折叠式人工晶状体植入术前及术后1、7、30、90d术眼房水的平均光粒子数分别为（25．12±11．62）、（6．94±0．34）；（44．70±11．12）、（26．27±1．37）；（31．69±10．12）、（13．96±1．05）；（27．59±11．55）、（9．07±0．43）及（23．88±10．43）、（7．16±0．27）photon counts／ms，其中术后1d、7d、30d均高于术前，且差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；而术后90d与术前比较，差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。两组同一时期比较差异均有统计学意义性（P〈0．05）。结论超声乳化手术引起葡萄膜炎并发白内障患者血-房水屏障功能的损伤，但在术后短期内可得到重建。超声乳化手术对这类患者是一种安全的、有效的术式。     

开颅手术对脑脊液中药物浓度的影响

目的通过测定开颅术后周围静脉血、皮下引流液及脑脊液中药物浓度,来评价开颅手术对脑脊液药物浓度的影响.方法开颅手术前半小时静脉滴注硫酸庆大霉素8万单位,6小时后分别测定周围静脉血、皮下引流液及脑脊液中庆大霉素浓度,分别对无需切开硬脑膜及需要切开硬脑膜的病例各20例进行对照观察.结果硬脑膜完整组:周围静脉血为0.47±0.15,皮下引流液为1.41±0.46,脑脊液0.27±0.18,以皮下引流液中浓度最高,周围静脉血其次,脑脊液最低,三者比较均有显著差异(P＜0.01);硬脑膜开放组:周围静脉血为0.56±0.19,皮下引流液为1.28±0.75,脑脊液为0.52±0.15,亦是皮下引流液中浓度最高,但周围静脉血与脑脊液无显著差异(P＞0.05).两组之间周围静脉血以及皮下引流液无显著差异(P＞0.05),而脑脊液有显著差异(P＜0.01).结论开颅术后的皮下引流液中含有较高的药物浓度,与脑脊液间存在着明显的浓度差,药物能通过脑脊液与皮下渗出液的交换而进入颅内,使脑脊液中的药物浓度上升.     

生态免疫肠内营养保护肠屏障功能的研究

目的探讨生态免疫肠内营养对全身炎症反应综合征(SIRS)大鼠肠屏障功能的保护作用。方法通过尾静脉注射脂多糖(LPS)建立SIRS大鼠模型,60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为4组(标准营养组、免疫增强组、生态营养组、生态免疫组),分别给予不同构成的肠内营养剂7d,观察各组大鼠血浆D-乳酸、二胺氧化酶(DAO)以及尿乳果糖/甘露醇(L/M)比值的动态变化。结果治疗7d后,生态营养组大鼠血浆D-乳酸水平明显低于标准营养组和免疫增强组(P<0.05),但这3组均高于生态免疫组3倍或以上(P<0.01)。血浆DAO水平标准营养组显著高于其他3组(P<0.01)。注射LPS后第1天起,各组大鼠尿液L/M比值均有大幅升高,至第6天回落到注射前水平。第1天时生态免疫组尿L/M比值低于其他3组(P<0.05),第3天时标准营养组尿L/M比值显著高于另外3组(P<0.01),至第6天各组已无明显差异。结论联合应用免疫增强营养素和生态制剂的生态免疫肠内营养能更有效地保护肠屏障功能。