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991.
Bo Yang Aroosa Malik Victoria Waidley Kellianne C. Kleeman Xiaoting Wu Elizabeth L. Norton David M. Williams Minhaj S. Khaja Whitney E. Hornsby 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2018,155(4):1360-1370.e1
Objective
To evaluate short-term outcomes following direct aortic root and arch repair in patients with acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) without technical adjuncts.Methods
Between 2012 and 2016, 94 consecutive patients with ATAAD underwent surgical repair, including aortic root repair (n = 45), root replacement (n = 39), or no root procedure (n = 10). Aortic root repair was achieved by running approximation of the dissected aortic wall circumferentially at the sinotubular junction and reinforcing the coronary ostia with 5-0 Prolene. The aortic root and arch were anastomosed to the Dacron graft with 5-0 Prolene without Teflon felt or biological glue.Results
Postoperative new-onset myocardial infarction, stroke, renal failure, and complete heart block occurred in 0%, 4%, 13%, and 0% of patients, respectively, whereas 30-day mortality was 4%. The incidences of permanent neurologic deficit and renal failure were 1% and 2%, respectively. Up to 5 years, the aortic root repair group was free from residual or recurrent aortic root dissection, major change in the aortic root diameter, and moderate to severe aortic regurgitation; the entire cohort was free of anastomotic pseudoaneurysm and reoperation for proximal aortic pathology or significant change in diameter of the aortic arch and descending thoracic aorta. Overall survival was 85% at 4 years and was significantly enhanced in the aortic root repair group compared with the Bentall group (n = 24) (93% vs 57%; P = .035).Conclusions
Direct aortic root and arch repair with approximation of the aortic wall without use of technical adjuncts is safe and effective for patients with ATAAD. If warranted, preservation of the native aortic valve should be considered for a potential survival benefit. 相似文献992.
Oscar Kolsrud Kristjan Karason Erik Holmberg Sven-Erik Ricksten Marie Felldin Ola Samuelsson Göran Dellgren 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2018,155(4):1593-1604.e1
Objectives
To investigate whether measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) is a risk factor for death and/or end-stage renal disease (ESRD) after heart transplantation (HTx).Methods
All adult patients (n = 416) who underwent HTx between 1988 and 2010 were included. mGFR was performed both preoperatively and postoperatively as annual follow-up. Eight patients received a concomitant kidney transplant (KTx), and 15 underwent late KTx due to chronic renal failure after HTx.Results
The mean drop in mGFR compared with the preoperative value was 12% during the first year after HTx. Preoperative mGFR was not predictive of mortality or ESRD. Older or the use of a ventricular assist device (VAD) were preoperative predictors of death. Long-term survival was significantly worse in the patients who experienced a >25% decrease in mGFR during the first year after transplantation. The need for acute postoperative renal replacement therapy (RRT) was associated with impaired survival but did not predict ESRD among survivors. On multivariable analyses, previous heart surgery, preoperative VAD, and a lower mGFR were all predictors of RRT. In the most recent period, death without previous ESRD was lower, and the only preoperative factors associated with ESRD by multivariable analyses were mechanical ventilation and diabetes mellitus.Conclusions
Pretransplantation mGFR was not predictive of mortality or ESRD after HTx, but necessitated simultaneous or late-stage KTx in this selected population of patients. However, patients with a decrease in >25% mGFR during the first year post-transplantation, as well as early postoperative dialysis-dependent acute renal dysfunction, had a poor prognosis. We suggest that patients with severely impaired kidney function, irrespective of pretransplantation renal function, still should be considered for HTx, but also encourage careful interpretation of our results given the selection bias involved in this population. 相似文献993.
David I. Chu Jonathan M. Tan Peter Mattei Allan F. Simpao Andrew T. Costarino Aseem R. Shukla Joseph W. Rossano Gregory E. Tasian 《Journal of pediatric surgery》2018,53(10):1980-1988
Background
Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) often require noncardiac surgery. We compared outcomes following open and laparoscopic intraabdominal surgery among children with and without CHD.Methods
We performed a retrospective cohort study using the 2013–2015 National Surgical Quality Improvement Project-Pediatrics. We matched 45,012 children < 18 years old who underwent laparoscopic surgery to 45,012 children who underwent open surgery. We determined the associations between laparoscopic (versus open) surgery and 30-day mortality, in-hospital mortality, 30-day morbidity, and postoperative length-of-stay.Results
Among children with minor CHD, laparoscopic surgery was associated with lower 30-day mortality (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.34 [95% Confidence Interval 0.15–0.79]), inhospital mortality (OR 0.42 [0.22–0.81]) and 30-day morbidity (OR 0.61 [0.50–0.73]). As CHD severity increased, this benefit of laparoscopic surgery decreased for 30-day morbidity (ptrend = 0.01) and in-hospital mortality (ptrend = 0.05), but not for 30-day mortality (ptrend = 0.27). Length-of-stay was shorter for laparoscopic approaches for children at cost of higher readmissions. On subgroup analysis, laparoscopy was associated with lower odds of postoperative blood transfusion in all children.Conclusions
Intraabdominal laparoscopic surgery compared to open surgery is associated with decreased morbidity in patients with no CHD and lower morbidity and mortality in patients with minor CHD, but not in those with more severe CHD.Level-of-evidence
Level III: Treatment Study. 相似文献994.
Ourania Preventza Matt D. Price Konstantinos Spiliotopoulos Hiruni S. Amarasekara Lorraine D. Cornwell Shuab Omer Kim I. de la Cruz Qianzi Zhang Susan Y. Green Scott A. LeMaire Todd K. Rosengart Joseph S. Coselli 《The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2018,155(5):1953-1960.e4
Objective
The preferred arterial cannulation site for elective proximal aortic procedures requiring circulatory arrest varies, and different sites have been tried. We evaluated the relationships between arterial cannulation site and adverse outcomes, including stroke, in patients undergoing elective aortic arch surgery.Methods
We reviewed the records of 938 patients who underwent elective hemiarch or total arch surgery with circulatory arrest between 2006 and 2016. Five cannulation sites were used: the right axillary (n = 515; 54.9%), innominate (n = 376; 40.1%), and right common carotid arteries (n = 15; 1.6%), each with a side graft; the ascending aorta (n = 19; 2.0%); and the femoral artery (n = 13; 1.4%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to model the effects of cannulation site on adverse outcomes for the entire cohort and for a subcohort of 891 patients who underwent innominate or axillary artery cannulation. Propensity-matching yielded 564 patients (282 pairs) from the right axillary and innominate artery groups.Results
For the entire cohort, mortality, stroke, and composite adverse outcome (operative death or persistent stroke or renal failure at hospital discharge) rates were 7.0%, 4.1%, and 9.8%. In the multivariable analysis of the axillary/innominate subcohort, cannulation site did not independently predict operative mortality, persistent stroke, or composite adverse event. These results were confirmed with the propensity-matched analysis, where both axillary and innominate artery cannulation provided equivalent composite adverse event rates, operative death rates, and overall stroke rates.Conclusions
During elective arch surgery, right axillary artery cannulation and innominate artery cannulation (both via a side graft) produce excellent results and can be used interchangeably. 相似文献995.
OLE-JÖRGEN OHM KJELL BREIVIK ERLING HAMMER 《Pacing and clinical electrophysiology : PACE》1982,5(3):329-340
From a total of 51 patients equipped with rate and pulse width adjustable pulse gen erators (Microlith-P 0505, Microthin-PI 0522) implanted over the last 3 years, 10 (19.6%) showed an un expected drop in pacemaker pulse rate during pulse width programming. For one of the pulse gen erators used (Microthin-PI 0522), unexpected rate decrease occurred in 7/13 cases (53.8%). For all ex cept one patient, decrease in pacemaker pulse rate corresponded with the total refractory period of the pulse generator (320 ms), at a certain pulse width when rate drop first occurred. In seven of the patients the pulse generator automatic interval was extended from 13 ms to 171 ms beyond the re fractory period. In two patients it was necessary to replace the pulse generators. Our study strongly proves that this abnormal pacemaker functioning is a result of sensing of the polarization voltage at the pacemaker electrode/tissue interface and/or the T-wave. The polarization voltage is highly dependent on the total pacemaker electrode/tissue interface impedance. Using typical values for pulse genera tor output and input resistance and output capacitance, Faraday resistance, Helmholtz capacitance and tissue resistance at the electrode/tissue interface it was shown mathematically that in some cases the polarization voltage alone would be of sufficient amplitude and slew rate for pacemaker inhibi tion. The study demonstrates an urgent need for change in the filter characteristics by making the pulse generators less sensitive in the low frequency region and reducing the polarization voltage by reducing the output circuit capacitance. (PACE, Vol. 5, May-June, 1982) 相似文献
996.
目的 探讨Essen卒中风险评分量表(ESRS)联合CTA评分对TIA患者脑梗死的预测价值.方法 对262例TIA患者进行ESRS及头颅CTA检查,并随访1年.采用ROC曲线评估ESRS与ESRS联合CTA评分对TIA后1年发生脑梗死风险预测价值.结果 ESRS预测脑梗死风险的ROC曲线下面积为0.701(95％ CI:0.627 ～0.774,P＜0.05);当评分为2.5时,其灵敏度和特异度之和最大.ESRS联合CTA评分预测脑梗死风险的ROC曲线下面积为0.773(95％ CI:0.710 ～0.836,P＜0.05);当评分为3.5时,其灵敏度和特异度之和最大.结论 ESRS及ESRS联合CTA评分对TIA患者1年后发生脑梗死风险具有预测价值,且后者的准确性更高. 相似文献
997.
目的探讨伴焦虑、抑郁短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)患者多导睡眠图的特点。方法本研究对56例TIA患者进行临床评估、量表测评和多导睡眠图(PSG)检查,其中伴焦虑和(或)抑郁症状者33例(A组),不伴有焦虑、抑郁症状者(B组)23例。结果匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)显示A组PSQI总分高于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。多导睡眠仪(PSG)显示A组较B组觉醒时间延长,非快速眼动(NREM)期N1、N2期睡眠时间延长,N3期睡眠时间明显缩短,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论伴焦虑、抑郁症状TIA患者觉醒时间延长,NREM期N1、N2期睡眠时间延长,N3期睡眠时间明显缩短。 相似文献
998.
目的探讨血清高迁移率族蛋白B(HMGB1)与颈动脉易损斑块合并短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的相关性。方法本研究共纳入144例颈动脉易损斑块患者,根据是否合并TIA分为合并TIA组(A组,n=48)及未合并TIA(B组,n=96),另设颈动脉稳定斑块患者(C组,n=60)及正常健康人群组(D组,n=45)为对照组,采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法测量各组血清高迁移率族蛋白B1水平。结果 A组血清HMGB1水平显著高于B组[(8.75±1.46)ng/mL vs(5.12±30.64)ng/mL],B组血清HMGB1水平显著高于C组[(5.12±30.64)ng/mL vs(2.35±0.42)ng/mL],上述3组血清HMGB1水平显著高于D组的(1.38±0.21)ng/mL,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析显示,高血清HMGB1水平与颈动脉易损斑块合并TIA呈独立相关(优势比2.374,95%可信区间1.264~3.982;P0.01)。结论血清高迁移率族蛋白B1水平的升高有助于评估颈动脉易损斑块患者发生TIA的风险。 相似文献
999.
1000.