Brain serotonin transporter binding in non-depressed patients with Parkinson's disease

Early post-mortem data suggest that damage to brain serotonin neurones might play a role in some features (e.g., depression) of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, it is not known whether such damage is a typical characteristic of living patients with PD or whether the changes are regionally widespread. To address this question we measured, by positron emission tomography imaging, levels of the brain serotonin transporter (SERT), a marker for serotonin neurones, as inferred from binding of [¹¹C]-3-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethyl-phenylsulfanyl)-benzonitrile (DASB), a second generation SERT radioligand, in subcortical and cerebral cortical brain areas of clinically advanced non-depressed (confirmed by structured psychiatric interview) patients with PD. SERT binding levels in PD were lower than those in controls in all examined brain areas, with the changes statistically significant in orbitofrontal cortex (−22%), caudate (−30%), putamen (−26%), and midbrain (−29%). However, only a slight non-significant reduction (−7%) was observed in dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex, an area implicated in major depression. Our imaging data suggests that a modest, regionally widespread loss of brain serotonergic innervation might be a common feature of advanced PD. Further investigation will be required to establish whether SERT binding is more or less decreased in those patients with PD who also have major depressive disorder.     

慢性乙型肝炎肝郁脾虚证的logistic回归及判别分析

目的归纳慢性乙型肝炎肝郁脾虚证的辨证要点。方法对慢性乙型肝炎肝郁脾虚证、肝郁证、脾虚证的症状及舌、脉进行logistic回归及判别分析。结果肝郁脾虚证logistic回归提取的症状为腹胀、倦怠乏力、腹痛、食欲不振、紧脉、便溏、胁肋疼痛、胁肋不适；判别方程包含的症状则为腹痛、腹胀、倦怠乏力、便溏、黄苔。结论肝郁脾虚证的辨证要点包括胁肋疼痛或不适、腹胀、腹痛、乏力、食欲不振、便溏。利用logistic回归和判别分析归纳本证诊断要点是可行的。     

脑缺血后抑郁大鼠皮层及海马IP3表达及中药的干预作用

目的：从磷脂酰肌醇（PI）信号传导通路上重要调节因子IP3的角度，探讨脑缺血后抑郁模型磷脂酰肌醇（PI）信号传导通路的变化及中药颐脑解郁方的干预作用。方法：在脑缺血后抑郁模型上，采用AlphaScreen受体竞争机制，观察脑缺血后抑郁大鼠前额叶皮层、海马IP3含量的变化及中药颐脑解郁方的干预作用。结果：脑缺血后抑郁模型大鼠皮层及海马IP3含量明显高于正常组，模型组IP3的含量明显高于治疗组。结论：脑缺血后抑郁模型大鼠脑皮层及海马IR含量增加，中药颐脑解郁方能使之明显下调，提示脑缺血后抑郁IPl含量增加，颐脑解郁方的抗抑郁作用可能与调节受体后PI信号通路有关。     

通过健康教育降低AECOPD患者的抑郁、焦虑症状

目的：通过健康教育干预AECOPD患者,探索一种科学合理的老年AECOPD全程健康教育模式。方法：选择年龄60岁以上AECOPD患者30例,进行健康教育,宣讲AECOPD知识,教育前后用量表及问卷来评定。结果：治疗依从性提高90.3%,抑郁、焦虑的症状减轻30%以上。结论：通过对患者及家属进行健康教育,可以提高患者依从性、保健意识、缩短住院时间,同时,对提高综和医院临床医生对老年AECOPD患者心理问题的早期识别有重要意义。     

Genetic variation in serotonin transporter alters resting brain function in healthy individuals.

BACKGROUND: Perfusion functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate the effect of genetic variation of the human serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene (5-HTTLPR, SLC6A4) on resting brain function of healthy individuals. METHODS: Twenty-six healthy subjects, half homozygous for the 5-HTTLPR short allele (s/s group) and half homozygous for the long allele (l/l group), underwent perfusion functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging during a resting state. The two genotype groups had no psychiatric illness and were similar in age, gender, and personality scores. RESULTS: Compared with the l/l group, the s/s group showed significantly increased resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the amygdala and decreased CBF in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. The effect of functional modulation in these regions by 5-HTTLPR genotype cannot be accounted for by variations in brain anatomy, personality, or self-reported mood. CONCLUSIONS: The 5-HTTLPR genotype alters resting brain function in emotion-related regions in healthy individuals, including the amygdala and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Such alterations suggest a broad role of the 5-HTT gene in brain function that may be associated with the genetic susceptibility for mood disorders such as depression.     

Childhood abuse history and risk behaviors among teen parents in a culturally rooted, couple-focused HIV prevention program.

Pregnant and parenting adolescents living in inner cities are at risk for acquiring HIV through unprotected sexual activity. In addition to individual risk behaviors, a lack of socioeconomic and other environmental resources create risk environments that make certain communities vulnerable to both adolescent pregnancy and HIV/AIDS. Research indicates that adolescent parents, many who have histories of childhood trauma, may use their experience of young parenthood and the concomitant feelings of parental protectiveness as a source of renewed hope for their future. The purpose of this report is to explore the relationship between history of childhood abuse and high risk behaviors in adolescent Latino mothers and fathers enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of a culturally rooted, couple-focused HIV prevention program. In addition, this report describes the HIV prevention program that was designed specifically for young Latino parents wherein maternal and paternal protectiveness are viewed as intrinsic and developing critical factors that promote resiliency and motivate behavioral change.     

颞肌筋膜瓣与全厚皮片移植修复下睑凹陷性畸形

目的探讨颞筋膜瓣或颞肌筋膜瓣与自体全厚皮片移植,在下睑凹陷性瘢痕畸形修复中的应用效果。方法设计以颞浅动脉为蒂的颞筋膜瓣,对伴眶下壁骨缺损者同时行以颞浅、深动脉为蒂的颞肌筋膜瓣,并取耳后全厚皮片移植联合矫正下睑凹陷性畸形。结果8例患者,术后组织瓣及皮片成活良好,凹陷处填充效果满意。随访6个月至1年,睑外翻矫正,瘢痕不显,颞部供区毛发生长良好。结论应用颞筋膜瓣或颞肌筋膜瓣与全厚皮片移植,联合矫正下睑凹陷性畸形的方法,具有操作简便,且无明显的供区损害的特点,是修复下睑凹陷性瘢痕畸形较理想的方法。     

Second‐degree atrioventricular block (Mobitz Type I) in an adolescent with anorexia nervosa: Intrinsic or acquired conduction abnormality

Anorexia nervosa (AN) can cause both functional and structural cardiac complications, including a variety of different conduction abnormalities. This is the first case report of symptomatic diurnal second‐degree atrioventricular (AV) block (Mobitz Type I) in an adolescent with AN. We present a 12‐year‐old girl with AN, restrictor sub‐type who reported cardiac symptoms during weight gain, at the time of the initial diagnosis of AV block. Second‐degree AV block (Mobitz Type I) is discussed as a possible complication of the AN, as well as being an intrinsic conduction system disease. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2009     

阿米替林合并认知疗法治疗精神分裂症后抑郁的对照研究

目的　评价阿米替林合并认知疗法对精神分裂症后抑郁的治疗效果。方法　将符合CCMD 3诊断标准的 86例精神分裂症后抑郁患者随机分为治疗组和对照组 ,治疗组给予阿米替林合并认知治疗 ,对照组织给予阿米替林治疗 ,疗程 12周。采用汉密尔顿抑郁量表 (HAMD)、简明精神病量表(BPRS)、阴性症状量表 (SANS)评定临床疗效 ,采用副反应量表 (TESS)评定副反应。结果　在治疗的 4、8、12周末 ,HAMD评分治疗组优于对照组 ,显效率分别为 83 95 %和 6 1 90 % (u =5 .83,P <0 0 5 )。结论　阿米替林与认知治疗组结合治疗精神分裂症后抑郁疗效好于单用阿米替林治疗。