羁押人员HIV感染状况及行为学调查

目的了解羁押人员HIV感染现状以及相关高危行为情况，为制定艾滋病防治措施和决策提供科学依据。方法使用描述性研究方法对2381名羁押人员的人群特征以及HIV感染的血清流行病学调查资料进行综合分析。结果共发现HIV抗体阳性3例，阳性率1．26‰；注射吸毒、性乱、有偿供血史的分别占2．18％、30．28％、0．59％。结论羁押人员高危行为发生率较高，应尽快采取健康教育、行为干预和相应监管措施。     

提高老年骨折的临床治疗水平

本期《中华创伤骨科杂志》是以“老年骨折”为主要内容的重点刊，涉及老年股骨转子间骨折，肱骨近端骨折，桡骨远端骨折．股骨远端、髌骨、胫骨干、踝关节等部位骨折的内固定手术治疗。骨质疏松是老年人发生骨折的高危因素之一，也是骨折后导致处理棘手的原因所在。除了骨质疏松，由于老年人通常有各种并存症的存在，愈发增加了老年骨折的处理难度。如何提高骨折的治疗质量及预防再骨折的发生成为目前处理老年骨折的工作重心。     

低强度激光对兔实验性牙齿移动牙槽骨组织中骨钙素水平变化的影响

目的观察低强度激光照射对兔实验性牙齿移动牙槽骨组织中骨钙素水平变化的影响。方法30只雄性大耳白兔,随机分为1、3、5、7、14和21d组,共6组,每组5只。在兔左右上颌第一磨牙与上颌切牙之间放置不锈钢闭合螺旋弹簧,牵引第一、二磨牙向近中移动。右侧为实验侧,以2.5J/cm2的He-Ne激光和514J/cm2的CO2激光同时照射。左侧为对照侧,不照射激光。拔除上颌第一磨牙,分别取其近、远中牙槽骨组织(根上2/3处),以放射免疫法检测牙槽骨组织中的骨钙素含量。结果低强度激光照射侧张力区骨钙素含量在施力1、3、5d组高于对照侧(P<0.05);压力区骨钙素含量以施力7d组最高,3、5d组照射侧骨钙素含量低于对照侧(P<0.05)。结论骨钙素在实验性正畸牙齿移动过程中参与了破骨与成骨活动,低强度激光照射可影响正畸牙周组织中骨钙素水平的变化,对正畸牙周组织的骨改建有促进作用。     

大学生财产犯罪分析与预防

对当代大学生财产犯罪进行了深入的分析，提出了一些新的犯罪心理原因、特点和预防措施。     

60岁以上老人植物性神经功能特点研究

本文以综合指标测定法和心搏间距变化为指标测定了71名60岁以上老人的植物性神经功能,结果表明:植物性神经系统功能在总体上呈现交感神经功能增强,同时控制心血管活动的植物性神经功能也发生显著的异常。     

Laser-generated acoustic emission in urological and arterial surgery

Acoustic emission from renal calculi irradiated by a pulsed dye laser was observed in vivo and investigated in vitro. A number of acoustic frequency spectra were recorded from laser exposure of ureteric calculi, calcified arterial wall and bladder tissue. Although differences were observed between spectra, these did not depend on target material. Investigations with model targets suggested that variations in acoustic emission were caused by fluctuations in the strength of the laser plasma, due to changes in the local surface absorption of laser light, and by alterations in the relative orientation of laser fibre, target and transducer. Interaction between lasers and stones is reviewed and discussed.     

低强度激光照射诱导大鼠胸主动脉金属硫蛋白的生成

目的：观察低强度红激光照射对大鼠脑主动脉金属硫蛋白（metallothionein,MT)生成的影响，探讨激光照射的细胞保护机制。方法：取24只大鼠的胸主动脉，将其制成厚度为0．5mm的薄片，置于含10％胎牛血清Krebs-Henseleit液6孔培养板，经95％O2－5％CO2、37℃孵育。设对照组及3个实验组，对照组不照射激光，3个实验组分别以功率密度为3、6和12J／cm^2的632nm波长的激光照射。采用竞争性RT－PCR法测定胸主动脉内MT的mRNA水平变化，以^109Cd牛血红蛋白饱和法测定MT的含量。结果：3个实验组MT1 mRNA水平分别比对照组增加175％（P＞0.05)、418．6％（P＜0．05）和668．2％（P＜0．01）；MT2 mRNA水平分别比对照组增加163．9（P＞0．05）、615％、（P＜0．01）和1087％（P＜0．01）；相应的MT蛋白含量分别比对照组增加142．8％（P＜0．05）、170．8％（P＜0．05）和142．1％（P＜0．05）。     

Endoscopic laser pancreatic cystogastrostomy

Traditionally the drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts has been carried out operatively, forming a cystenterostomy. A simple endoscopic method of forming a pancreatic cystogastrostomy with laser is presented. This procedure does not require a general anesthetic, is safe, and allows resolution of symptoms.     

Computed tomographic findings in cerebral toxoplasmosis in adults

The clinical and computerized tomographic (CT) findings in 10 patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis are reviewed. All patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis were homosexuals and/or intravenous drug users, and all patients had other manifestations of AIDS. Two presented with focal seizures, 4 presented with focal neurological deficit which progressively worsened, and 4 had evidence of diffuse neurological dysfunction (altered consciousness, generalized seizures). CT showed a single lesion in 3 patients and multiple lesions in 7 patients. Two patients had hypodense nonenhancing lesions(s). Eight patients had hypodense lesions with peripheral or nodular enhancement. The lesions were more commonly located in the cerebral hemispheres and subcortical gray matter nuclear masses (thalamus, basal ganglia). The finding of a hypodense lesion with a central slightly hyperdense noncalcified region that showed dense nodular homogeneous enhancement was quite characteristic of cerebral toxoplasmosis, but this pattern may also be seen in other neurological conditions including brain lymphomas.     

上海城市社区老年人生殖保健需求分析

目的:了解上海城市社区老年人生殖保健需求的特点。方法:对20个居民区35例老年人、20例服务人员进行访谈;对116例老年人进行结构式问卷调查。结果:31.9％的老年人自诉患有生殖系统疾病,23.3％担心患有生殖系统疾病,53.4％对性生活无兴趣,46.6％没有性生活,48.4％性生活中遇到困难。83.2％的老年人在遇到生殖系统问题时首选到医院就诊。表示会参加专门为老年人提供的生殖系统健康检查、有兴趣与异性老人结伴活动,以及希望社区提供有关老年人生殖保健方面的宣传、咨询服务的老年男性比例明显高于女性,分别为68.2％:32％、40.9％:24％、48.5％:38％。结论;老年人当中存在着大量潜在的生殖保健需求,而目前的老年生殖保健需求层次还较低,重点仍是生殖系统疾病的治疗;老年男性希望获得生殖保健服务的愿望比老年女性更为强烈。