Relationship of human adenoviruses 12, 18, and 31 as determined by hemagglutination inhibition.

Adenoviruses 12 and 31, but not Ad18, agglutinate rat blood cells at high titer, providing suitable blood cells be available and a prolonged contact period of virus with the erythrocytes is allowed. Purified virus particles show direct, and virus-free supernatants show direct and indirect, hemagglutination, ie, enhancement of HA by heterologous antiserum. Hemagglutination inhibition with rabbit antisera shows cross-reactions between Ad12 and Ad31 with titers 4--32 times lower than with homologous antigens; Ad18 antisera react with antigens from both of the other serotypes. No cross-reactions were seen with antisera from other adenoviruses. This suggests an antigenic relationship of the three viruses of subgroup IV in their fiber antigen gamma, in addition to the known relation in the hexon (epsilon), which is apparent in cross-neutralization.     

A monoclonal antibody (RH1-38) which inhibits multiple systems of cell-mediated cytotoxicity--I. Identification of a novel epitope on a killer cell surface bimolecular complex important in the cytotoxic response

This paper presents the initial characterization of a mouse monoclonal antibody (RH1-38) which blocks, in the absence of complement, three different systems of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. This monoclonal antibody markedly inhibits cytotoxicity mediated by human natural killer cells, a monocyte-like cell [phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulated HL-60], and cytotoxic T-lymphocytes generated in a mixed leukocyte reaction. RH1-38 is not nonspecifically toxic to cells since antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity was not inhibited and viability as assessed by trypan blue exclusion was not affected. Inhibition is specific since control hybridoma culture supernatants, parent (NS-1) ascites supernatant, monoclonal anti-HLA and normal mouse IgG were not significantly inhibitory. In the NK system, the inhibitory effect appears to be due to binding of monoclonal antibody to effector cell surface since exposure of targets to antibody followed by washing yielded no inhibition of killing. Inhibition requires the antigen-binding portion of the antibody molecule and thus appears to be related to steric hindrance of an effector cell surface molecule which is important in the expression of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Immunoprecipitation of surface-radioiodinated membranes from PMA-stimulated HL-60 cells and analysis on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels revealed a bimolecular complex (195,000 and 125,000 daltons) without significant change under reducing conditions. Control immunoprecipitates yielded no peaks of activity. This monoclonal antibody should serve as a useful probe of the function and biochemistry of a killer cell surface antigen important in the expression of cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Since RH1-38 inhibits cytotoxicity mediated by at least three apparently unrelated effector cells, the relevant antigen may be part of a common mechanistic step. As the companion paper demonstrates, this monoclonal antibody does not affect the conjugation step, but appears to block a late step in the NK cytolytic mechanism. Thus, RH1-38 recognizes either an epitope district from previously-described anti-LFA-1 antibodies or alternatively recognizes a distinct functional killer cell surface molecule.     

皖南地区336例恶性淋巴瘤回顾性病理分析

本文根据我国恶性淋巴瘤分类的修订洛阳方案对皖南地区1972-1982年336例恶性淋巴瘤进行了回顾性分析。发现其中非何杰金淋巴瘤325例(96.7％),何杰金氏病11例(3.3％)。非何杰金氏淋巴瘤中滤泡型19例(5.8％),弥漫型306例(94.2％),而弥漫型中以B细胞肿瘤(尤以滤泡中心细胞起源的肿瘤)占大多数(240例,73.8％)。T细胞肿瘤为54例(16.6％)。结果与国内各地的报告大致相同。本文还讨论了在应用修订洛阳方案进行恶性淋巴瘤分类过程中遇到的一些问题,着重指出对类型不同、大小不等起源于滤泡中心细胞的肿瘤如何结合其预后,归入适当的亚型是值得研究的问题。     

The influence of radiation therapy on T-lymphocyte subpopulations defined by monoclonal antibodies

We studied the influence of radiation therapy on lymphocyte subpopulations in 17 patients undergoing adjuvant radiation therapy for primary breast cancer, and eight patients receiving brachytherapy and external beam irradiation for primary cancer of the uterus. Radiation therapy reduced B- and T-lymphocytes in proportion to the total lymphocyte population so that their percentages remained unchanged. Determination of helper and suppressor T-lymphocytes before, during and 6 months after completion of radiotherapy revealed that in both groups of patients suppressor T-lymphocytes were more resistant to and recovered faster after radiotherapy. This resulted in a decline of the "immunoregulatory balance" (helper/suppressor ratio). Although this ratio had been higher in both groups of patients than in healthy age- and sex-matched controls before therapy, it became normal and subnormal during and after radiotherapy. The clinical significance of the differential influence of radiotherapy on T-lymphocyte subpopulations remains to be determined.     

五种免疫相关性心血管疾病的免疫学研究

对扩张型心肌病、风湿性心脏病，原发性高血压，冠心病及肥厚型心肌病进行外周血清可溶性白细胞介素２受体，Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群及自然杀伤细胞活性的检测，并与健康对照组比较，结果显示：ＤＣＭ组，ＲＨＤ组及ＥＨＴ组的ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ明显高于ＮＣ组，而ＤＣＭ、ＲＨＤ风湿活动组的ＮＫ活性低于ＮＣ组，ＥＨＴ组ＮＫ活性高于ＮＣ组。     

烧伤后血清触珠蛋白对T淋巴细胞功能的影响

采用亲和层析法从烧伤血清纯化触珠蛋白（Ｈａｐｔｏｇｌｏｂｉｎ，ＨＰ）后，体外观察了纯化ＨＰ对正常小鼠胸腺细胞在ｃｏｎＡ刺激下增殖与ＩＬ－２产生及对ＩＬ－２诱导的ＩＬ－２依赖细胞株（ＣＴＬＬ－２）增殖的影响。结果表明，纯化ＨＰ在相当于烧伤血清ＨＰ浓度时，对小鼠胸腺细胞增殖、ＩＬ－２产生及ＣＴＬＬ－２增殖具有非常明显的抑制作用；但在相当于正常血清ＨＰ浓度时纯化ＨＰ则无抑制作用。提示烧伤血清高浓度的ＨＰ可能是烧伤后Ｔ淋巴细胞免疫功能低下的一个重要原因。     

功能性消化不良患者胃排空功能与症状分型的关系

目的　通过 99m Tc植酸钠固体餐检测胃排空 ,了解功能性消化不良 (functional dyspepsia,FD)患者各临床亚型胃运动的情况 .方法　 99m Tc植酸钠标记固体餐 ,对 30例 FD患者 (其中溃疡样型 10例 ,动力障碍型 10例 ,非特异型 10例 )及 10名健康对照者进行了核素检测分析 .结果　运动障碍样型及非特异型 FD患者胃半排空时间延迟 (87± 2 8min,89± 2 6 min vs6 1± 9min,P<0 .0 5 ) ,2 h胃排空率明显减少(6 3.0± 11.5 % ,5 7.7± 15 .5 % vs87.0± 10 .3% ,P<0 .0 1) ,而溃疡样型 FD与正常人比无差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) .结论　胃排空延迟在运动障碍样型及非特异型 FD病因中占重要地位 ,FD三个临床亚型之间发病机制既相同又略有不同 ;FD患者中有症状与胃排空之间存在不一致现象 ,所以核素胃排空检查在 FD胃运动功能的判定及指导治疗上有重要意义 .     

慢性扁桃体炎病儿细胞免疫功能的变化

1目的　探讨慢性扁桃体炎病儿细胞免疫功能的变化及临床意义。2方法　采用碱性磷酸酶抗碱性磷酸酶法及红细胞酵母菌花环法 ,检测了 40例慢性扁桃体炎病儿及 30例健康儿童红细胞 C3b受体花环率 (E- C3bRR )、红细胞免疫复合物花环率 (E- ICR)、T淋巴细胞亚群和可溶性白细胞介素 2受体 (s IL - 2 R)的变化。3结果慢性扁桃体炎病儿外周血 T淋巴细胞亚群 CD4阳性细胞及 CD4/ CD8比值较对照组降低 (t=2 .10 ,3.70 ,P <0 .0 1,0 .0 5 ) ,CD8阳性细胞较对照组升高 (t=6 .83,P<0 .0 1) ;E- C3b RR,E- ICR较对照组降低 (t=10 .47,3.35 ,P<0 .0 1) ;血清中 s IL- 2 R水平较对照组升高 (t=9.11,P<0 .0 1) ;CD4/ CD8比值与 s IL- 2 R水平呈显著负相关 (r=- 0 .8436 ,P<0 .0 1)。4结论　慢性扁桃体炎病儿细胞免疫功能低下且紊乱。     

尿毒症患者T淋巴细胞及其亚群改变的观察

目的了解尿毒症患者Ｔ淋巴细胞及其亚群的改变,探讨其临床意义。方法从外周血分离淋巴细胞,用抗人Ｔ淋巴细胞及其亚群的单克隆抗体直接测定。结果用ｔ检验及直线回归分析。结果尿毒症患者与正常组比较,Ｔ淋巴细胞总数（ＣＤ３）、辅助Ｔ淋巴细胞（ＣＤ４）数降低（Ｐ＞０．０５）,抑制Ｔ淋巴细胞（ＣＤ８）数明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８明显降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）;肾小球滤过率（ＧＦＲ）与ＣＤ８呈显著负相关（ｒ＝－０．８４８）,与ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８呈显著正相关（ｒ＝＋０．７８２）。在慢性肾炎与非慢性肾炎所引起的尿毒症中,Ｔ淋巴细胞及其亚群的改变没有差异。结论在尿毒症患者,ＣＤ８和ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８的改变可以作为免疫功能低下的指标