2型糖尿病家系一级亲属同胞代谢综合征患病状况的研究

研究2型糖尿病（T2DM）家系一级亲属同胞（n=142）和同胞配偶中的无糖尿病家族史的一级亲属同胞（n=138）代谢综合征（MS）的患病状况，结果显示T2DM家系一级亲属同胞MS的患病率显著高于无糖尿病家族史的一级亲属同胞（P〈0．01）。     

亲属活体肾移植130例次伦理分析

目的总结我院130例次亲属活体肾移植的伦理审查结果,指出当前我国亲属活体肾移植存在的问题,介绍器官移植伦理委员会（以下简称“伦理委员会”）的运作经验。方法分析我院2007年5月一2009年10月期间130例次亲属活体肾移植的供受关系、伦理审查结果,介绍伦理委员会的组成、运行程序以及在审查批准亲属活体肾脏移植时的方法,分析没有获得伦理委员会通过的原因。结果130例次亲属活体肾脏移植得到伦理委员会讨论审查,120例次获得通过并顺利手术,10例次由于多种原因没有获得通过。结论在当前国内假冒亲属、器官买卖泛滥的情况下,伦理委员会应当发挥其伦理监管的重要作用,最大限度地保证亲属活体肾脏移植供受双方的安全和权益。     

Use of the Internet by burns patients, their families and friends

INTRODUCTION: The Internet has also become an increasingly important source of health-related information. However, with this exponential increase comes the problem that although the volume of information is huge, the quality, accuracy and completeness of the information are questionable, not only in the field of medicine. Previous studies of single medical conditions have suggested that web-based health information has limitations. The aim of this study was to evaluate Internet usage among burned patients and the people accompanying them to the outpatient clinic. METHODS: A customised questionnaire was created and distributed to all patients and accompanying persons in the adult and paediatric burns clinics. This investigated computer usage, Internet access, usefulness of Internet search and topics searched. RESULTS: Two hundred and ten people completed the questionnaire, a response rate of 83%. Sixty three percent of responders were patients, parents 21.9%, spouses 3.3%, siblings, children and friends the remaining 10.8%. Seventy seven percent of attendees had been injured within the last year, 11% between 1 and 5 years previously, and 12% more than 5 years previously. Seventy four percent had computer and Internet access. Twelve percent had performed a search. Topics searched included skin grafts, scarring and scar management treatments such as pressure garments, silicone gel and massage. DISCUSSION: This study has shown that computer and Internet access is high, however a very small number actually used the Internet to access further medical information. Patients with longer standing injuries were more likely to access the Internet. Parents of burned children were more frequent Internet users. As more burn units develop their own web sites with information for patients and healthcare providers, it is important to inform patients, family members and friends that such a resource exists. By offering such a service patients are provided with accurate, reliable and easily accessible information which is appropriate to their needs.     

维持性血液透析病人亲属心理特点及干预对策

目的 探讨血液透析病人亲属焦虑的特点及心理护理对策.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对72名血液透析病人陪护亲属在干预前、干预4周后进行测试.采用WJZ心理测验与统计软件分析.结果 干预前72名病人亲属的SCL-90的阳性症状均分和躯体化、抑郁、焦虑3项因子高于常模(P＜0.01);干预前后SCL-90测试结果比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 血液透析病人的亲属大部分存在心理问题,心理干预可以纠正其负性心理.     

首发精神分裂症患者家属心理健康与分裂症知晓情况的关系

目的 分析首发精神分裂症患者家属心理健康状况及其与分裂症知晓情况的关系。方法 197例解放军第二六一医院精神科病房2009年4月~2011年7月住院的首发分裂症患者家属于患者入院时进行精神分裂症知识问卷和症状自评量表（SCL-90-R）评定。研究指标为家属分裂症知识知晓情况和心理健康情况。采用独立样本t检验比较家属自评SCL-90-R得分与国内最新常模的差异,并用Pearson相关检验分析患者家属心理健康与精神分裂症知晓情况的关系。结果 首发精神分裂症患者家属精神分裂症知识4个纬度均与SCL-90-R 9因子评分呈显著负相关（r=-0.11~-0.35,P〈0.01）,且SCL-90各维度得分均低于常模,差异有高度统计学意义（t=16.38~35.78,P〈0.01）。结论 首发精神分裂症患者家属精神分裂症知识的知晓情况在一定程度上影响其心理健康水平,对家属进行精神分裂症知识健康教育,提高其对精神分裂症的认识可能有助于改善其心理健康。     

Psycho-Endocrinological Reactions in Female Relatives of Cancer Patients: Effects of an activation programme

Psychiatric grief reactions after the loss of a close relative are associated with endocrinological reactions, in particular elevated plasma Cortisol. In the present study it was tested if a psychosocial intervention programme for relatives to cancer patients affects the reaction patterns. Thirty-six female relatives in the intervention programme were compared with 36 relatives only subjected to a routine programme. Eighteen of the relatives in the intervention programme and 17 in the routine programme experienced the death of the patient during the study period. Systematic psychiatric observations and analyses of the plasma levels of Cortisol and prolactin were made approximately once a month. During the treatment period the psychiatric scores did not differ between the groups, but the prolactin levels tended to be lower in the intervention group (p=0.06). During the terminal phase preceding the patient's death the plasma Cortisol levels were significantly elevated in the intervention group but not in the routine group. At examination one and two months after the death of the patient the mental exhaustion scores were significantly lower in the intervention group. The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that grief is activated by the intervention and that the active mourning may have prophylactic value to the relatives after the death of the patient.     

222例活体肾移植供受者HLA分型配合率的分析

目的 研究活体亲属肾移植供受者HLA配合率,为临床选择良好的供受者HLA配型提供参考.方法 对2006年4月-2008年12月间手术的222例活体亲属肾移植患者进行HLA供受者配合率分析.移植受者男性168例,女性54例,最大年龄58,最小年龄10岁;移植供者男性133例,女性89例,最大年龄64岁,最小年龄21岁.结...     

社区精神分裂症患者对家属生存质量的影响

目的探讨社区精神分裂症患者症状对家属生存质量的影响。方法对167例社区精神分裂症患者进行阳性与阴性症状量表(PAN SS)评定,对患者家属用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)进行评定,并对患者的症状与家属的生存质量进行相关分析。结果社区精神分裂症患者的PANSS总分与家属WHOQOL-BREF总分呈显著负相关(r=-0.225,P0.001)。结论社区精神分裂症患者的症状会影响家属的生存质量,改善患者症状,有利于提高家属的生存质量。