Sodium renal imaging in mice at high magnetic fields.

This work presents the first sodium MRI functional renal study on a mouse model. The tissue sodium concentration was monitored during induced diuresis with furosemide. By using density-weighted chemical shift imaging (DWCSI) at high field strength a temporal resolution of less than 5 min for three dimensional (3D) data sets with high spatial resolution was achieved. A maximum increase of 20% in the cortex and a decrease of 45% of the original signal strength in the medulla were observed. These findings correspond well with experiments conducted on much larger rodent models.     

透明质酸钠预防粘连性肠梗阻术后再粘连临床观察

Objective To investigate the prevention of intestines adhesion about sodium hyaluronic acid in postoperative intestines adhesion.Methods Eighteen cases of adhesive intestine obstruction were done intestinal release or bowel resection.2～4mL sodium hyaluronic acid was put to the wound,anastigmatic and rough surface of peritoneal.Gastrointestinal decompression,anti-infective and infusion were taken after oper-ations.Followed up 8～24 months.Results Obstructive symptoms haven't happened,the effective rate is 100%.Only 2 cases have intermittent abdominal pain without obstruction,the incidence was 11%.Conclu-sion Sodium hylauronic acid is effective to prevent the adhesion of postoperative intestines adhesion,simp-ler use,fewer side-effects and great value to appliance.     

高容血液稀释联合术中控制性降压对腰椎手术病人心率变异性的影响

目的:探讨术前急性高容血液稀释联合术中硝普钠控制性降压对腰椎手术病人心率变异性(HRV)的影响.方法:15例腰椎骨折椎板减压、切复内固定病人,术前输入6%羟乙基淀粉20ml/kg和乳酸林格氏液20ml/kg以实施急性高容血液稀释,术中采用硝普钠微泵输注实施控制性降压,输注速度为0.5～6μg·kg-1·min-1,控制平均压(MAP)在55～65mmHg之间.观察插管后稀释前(T0)、稀释后降压前(T1)、降压后10min(T2)、30min(T3)和停降压后10min(T4)和30min(T5)6个时间点总功率谱(TP)、低频值(LF)、高频值(HF)、LF/HF、标化低频值(Lfnrom)和标化高频值(Hfnorm).结果:以上6个时间点TP、LF、HF、LF/HF、Lfnrom和Hfnorm均无显著变化.结论:术前急性高容血液稀释联合术中控制性降压时心脏自主神经功能稳定.     

丙泊酚、硫喷妥钠联合麻醉诱导对血液动力学的影响

目的：观察小剂量丙泊酚和硫喷妥钠联合用于麻醉诱导对血流动力学的影响及临床应用价值。方法：择期全身麻醉气管插管手术患者84例，ASAⅠ-Ⅱ级，随机分成3组（n=28），硫喷妥钠组（A组）：诱导量5mg/kg；丙泊酚组（B组）；诱导量2.0mg/kg；联合诱导组（C组）硫喷妥钠1－2mg/kg加丙泊酚0.5-1.0mg/kg，观察诱导后2min,5min,10min血液动力学变化。结果：C组在丙泊酚诱导前先静脉预注硫喷妥钠1－2mg/kg，患者静脉注射部位疼痛发生率明显低于B组（P＜0．01），平均动脉压和心率均无明显变化（P＞0．05），而A和B组给药后2min与5min平均动脉压均低于麻醉前，心率均高于麻醉前（P＜0．05－P＜0．05）。结论：丙泊酚与硫喷妥钠联合麻醉诱导具有协同作用，减少单独用药不良反应发生率，血液动力学稳定，麻醉诱导更加平稳，安全，为临床全麻诱导提供一种可行的方法。     

5-FU纳米微粒的制备及其释药特性研究

目的 制备一种新型的载氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)纳米微粒并对其体内释药特性进行研究.方法 运用聚合物交联法制备出壳聚糖载氟尿嘧啶纳米粒,通过扫描电镜、激光粒度分析仪对其表征进行检测,紫外分光光度法测定载药量,高效液相色谱法检测体内的释药特性.结果 壳聚糖载氟尿嘧啶纳米粒呈圆形或椭圆形,分散性良好,粒径在120～150nm;载药量为31.000%±0.001%;壳聚糖-5-FU纳米粒注射入兔体内后,初期突释相约在1.5h,峰浓度为5 069.6μg/L,随即进入缓释相,浓度维持在76μg/L,时间长达48h.结论 壳聚糖纳米药物载体可改变5-FU在体内的药代动力学行为,延长其循环时间,具有良好的缓释作用.     

AN-132 block of cardiac sodium channels: A gate-related receptor analysis

Summary Based on the gate-related receptor hypothesis, an analysis of kinetics of AN-132, a new antiarrhythmic agent, blockade of cardiac sodium channels and the gate-related receptor which is bound by the drug was performed by computer simulation. Model-predicted apparent rates of onset of AN-132 (30 μmol/L) blocking were 0.051, 0.038, and 0.034 AF⁻¹ at stimulation frequencies of 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 Hz, respectively. The time constant of recovery from block by AN-132 at resting potential -90 mV was 39.5 s. These findings are in agreement with those experimental data documented. The analysis of gate-related receptor shows that AN-132 binds the inactivation gate-related receptor, and the binding and unbinding are modulated by the inactivation process.     

Differential effects of the pyrethroid tetramethrin on tetrodotoxin-sensitive and tetrodotoxin-resistant single sodium channels

The differential effects of the pyrethroid tetramethrin on tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) single sodium channel currents in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were investigated using the outside-out configuration of patch-clamp technique. Channel conductances were 10.7 and 6.3 pS for TTX-S and TTX-R sodium channels, respectively, at a room temperature of 24–26°C. The single-channel current of TTX-S sodium channels at the test potential of −30 mV was −1.27 ± 0.25 pA, and was not changed after exposure to 10 μM tetramethrin (−1.28 ± 0.23 pA). The open time histogram of TTX-S single-channel currents could be fitted by a single exponential function with a time constant of 1.27 ms. After exposure to 10 μM tetramethrin, the open time histogram could be fitted by the sum of two exponential functions with time constants of 1.36 ms (τ_fast) and 5.73 ms (τ_low). The percentage of contribution of each component to the population was 62% for the fast component representing the normal channels and 38% for the slow component representing the tetramethrin modified channels. The amplitudc of TTX-R single-channel currents was slightly changed from −0.72 ± 0.14 to −0.83 ± 0.07 pA by 10 μM tetramethrin. The open time histogram of TTX-R single-channel currents could be fitted by a single exponential function with a time constant of 1.92 ms. In the presence of 10 μM tetramethrin, the open time histogram could be fitted by the sum of two exponential functions with time constants of 2.07 ms (τ_fast) and 9.75 ms (τ_slow). The percentage of contribution of each component was 15% for the fast, unmodified component and 85% for the slow, modified component. Differential effects of tetramethrin on the open time distribution of single sodium channel currents explains the differential sensitivity of TTX-S and TTX-R sodium channels.     

抑制剂对酪氨酸酶影响的初步研究

采用酶动力学及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法研究了ＮａＨＳＯ３、ＮａＮ３、ＫＳＣＮ、ＤＤＣ对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用。ＮａＨＳＯ３、ＮａＮ３、ＫＳＣＮ为非竞争性抑制作用，随着抑制剂浓度增加，酶活性逐渐减弱。当ＮａＨＳＯ３、ＮａＮ３、ＫＳＣＮ的浓度分别达到１．２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ１２。５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ１２．５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，酶活性的抑制率为１００％、５０％、２４％。ＤＤＣ对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用为竞争性抑制作用，其浓度达４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，酶活性１００％受到抑制。     

示波极谱滴定法测定盐酸苯海拉明苯妥英钠及其制剂含量

采用示波极谱滴定法测定了盐酸苯海拉明、苯妥英钠及其制剂含量,所得结果均达到药典标准,与非水滴定法或提取后分光光度法比较,本法具有快速、准确、简单、操作方便、免用有机溶剂的优点。     

高碘摄入对SD大鼠钠/碘同向转运体蛋白表达影响的免疫组化研究

目的:动态观察长期高碘摄入对SD大鼠甲状腺细胞钠/碘同向转运体(NIS)蛋白表达的影响.方法:SD大鼠分别饲以去离子水及不同碘浓度的碘化钾水,给碘后1 d及1,2,4,8周处死.测定尿碘、组织碘含量,免疫组织化学方法观察甲状腺细胞NIS蛋白表达水平.结果:高碘摄入可引起甲状腺滤泡细胞膜表面NIS蛋白表达的下降.短期较低浓度的高碘摄入对NiS蛋白的表达无明显影响,而较高浓度的碘摄入则引起NIS蛋白表达的明显减少;长期高碘摄入对NIS蛋白表达的抑制作用,可在机体自我调节机制作用下得以部分恢复,但NIS蛋白表达仍处较低水平.结论:高碘摄入可导致甲状腺细胞表面NIS蛋白表达下降,随摄碘浓度的增加抑制作用增强;不同浓度的碘摄入对NIS蛋白表达的抑制作用表达时间不同.