基于共享理念的急诊CTA应急平台构建与效果评价

目的基于共享理念的急诊CTA应急平台构建与效果评价。方法选取2019年1—9月急诊CTA检查患者为对照组,2019年11月—2020年8月急诊CTA检查患者为观察组。对照组采用常规急诊值班制,观察组建立急诊CTA应急平台。对申请检查科室、检查项目进行描述性统计,比较两组CTA检查时间及入院患者预后转归情况。结果申请科室以急诊内科为主,检查项目以头颅、胸腹部为主,急诊CTA检查时间对照组中位数为46 min,观察组中位数为20 min,两组对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组37例患者中有8例(21.7%)致残,观察组103例患者中有8例(7.8%)致残,两组对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论组建急诊CTA应急平台能缩短急诊CTA影像学检查时间,降低致残率,提高患者生活质量,优化护理人力资源,值得临床推广。     

基于随机森林算法的肿瘤科护士工作倦怠影响因素分析:一项多中心研究

目的 采用随机森林算法探讨肿瘤科护士工作倦怠的影响因素。 方法 于2018年3—8月对广西全区25所三级综合医院和专科医院1253名肿瘤科护士采用一般资料问卷、工作倦怠量表、心理资本量表进行横断面调查,分析其工作倦怠现状及其影响因素,使用随机森林分析对可能影响肿瘤科护士工作倦怠的自变量进行重要性排序,将袋外估算误差率最小的变量集纳入logistic回归模型,分析自变量的作用方向和相对危险度。 结果 逐步随机森林分析显示,变量数为8时的袋外估算误差率最低,重要性排名前8的变量依次为收入状况满意度、护患关系满意度、从事肿瘤科护理工作年限、心理资本、年龄、参加院级以上培训次数、群众认可与尊重程度、夜班频次;Logistic回归分析显示,收入状况满意度为一般（OR=1.228,95%CI:1.019~1.497）和不满意或很不满意（OR=1.276,95%CI:1.005~1.621）、护患关系满意度为一般（OR=1.158,95%CI:1.036~1.295）和不满意或很不满意组（OR=1.196,95%CI:1.020~1.402）、从事肿瘤科护理工作5~10年（OR=1.365,95%CI:1.001~1.860）和>10年（OR=1.702,95%CI:1.222~2.371）、心理资本（OR=0.904,95%CI:0.824~0.991）、年龄25~30岁（OR=1.347, 95%CI:1.010~1.797）和>30岁（OR=1.397,95%CI:1.007~1.937）、参加院级以上培训次数1~2次/年（OR=1.107,95%CI:1.008~1.217）、群众认可与尊重程度为一般（OR=1.105,95%CI:1.008~1.212）和不尊重（OR=1.260,95%CI:1.010~1.572）、夜班频次<1次/周（OR=1.115,95%CI:1.025~1.213）和≥1次/周（OR=1.397,95%CI:1.146~1.702）是肿瘤科护士工作倦怠的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。 结论 影响肿瘤科护士工作倦怠的前8位因素依次为收入状况满意度、护患关系满意度、从事肿瘤科护理工作年限、心理资本、年龄、参加院级以上培训次数、群众认可与尊重程度、夜班频次,建议医院和护理管理者应制定相应策略,减少肿瘤科护士工作倦怠。     

Measurement of chemiluminescence in freshly drawn human blood

Summary The aim of the present study was to investigate chemiluminescence (CL) of stimulated peripheral phagocytic cells (PC, i.e. granulocytes and monocytes) in patients with malignant disease at various stages. As a first step the zymosan-induced and luminol-amplified CL was determined in diluted whole blood samples from healthy volunteers. A characteristic daytime dependence of the CL activity was observed in six volunteers which had to be taken into account for blood sampling. The detectable CL was demonstrated to depend on the number of erythrocytes in the assay, but correction for this is not necessary for clinical investigation. The specific CL activity (activity related to 10³ PC, was significantly but identically increased both in 1) patients with acute inflammatory disease and 2) in patients with carcinoma. The total CL activity (activity/µl whole blood), however, was significantly increased in patients with acute inflammation as compared to the tumour group. This greatly reflects the leucocytosis of patients with acute inflammation. In a small number of patients with benign and malignant disease the CL of PC was measured both pre- and postoperatively. Operations in benign disease and palliative operations in malignancy did not influence the CL activity. In contrast, CL activity returned to normal after clinical cure by radical tumour resection.     

5E教学模式联合翻转课堂教学在急诊护士规培教学中的应用研究

目的 探究5E教学模式联合翻转课堂教学在急诊护士规培教学中的应用效果。方法 选取2022年3月至8月在空军军医大学第一附属医院急诊科接受培训的97名护士为研究对象,将2022年3月至5月培训的47名护士设为对照组,2022年6月至8月培训的50名护士设为观察组。对照组采用传统教学,观察组采用5E教学模式联合翻转课堂教学进行培训,比较两组护士理论及操作考试成绩、临床护理能力、自我导向学习能力及对教学模式的满意度。采用SPSS 24.0进行独立样本t检验和卡方检验。结果 规范化培训结束后,观察组护士理论考试成绩、操作考试成绩均高于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组护士护理行为六维度量表的各维度评分及总分均高于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组护士自我导向学习能力评定量表（self-rating scale of self-directed learning,SRSSDL）中学习意识、学习行为、学习策略、学习评价等维度的评分及量表总分高于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组护士教学满意度各维度评分及总分均高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 5E教学模式联合翻转课堂教学适合急诊护士规范化培训,有助于提高急诊护士的临床护理能力和自我导向学习能力,教学满意度较高。     

护理人员信息管理系统的开发与应用

本文回顾了国内护理人员信息系统研究的背景和现状,介绍了作者自行研制的护理人员信息管理系统的结构和功能,并将其用于护士继续教育和规范化培训的管理过程,已取得较好成果。护理人员信息管理系统的开发与应用旨在适应未来护理的发展需求,促进护理管理的现代化。     

浅谈护士长的公关意识及作用

本文从5个方面论述了公关意识及其临床作用。即①塑造形象的意识;②服务公众的意识;③沟通交流的意识;④创新审美的意识;⑤真诚互惠的意识。通过对其作用的论述,旨在引起广大护理工作者对公共关系的重视,从而促进护理学科发展。     

Issues of reliability and validity in the measurement of challenging behaviour (behavioural difficulties) in learning disability: a discussion of implications for nursing research and practice

• ? The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate on issues related to the reliability and validity of measurement of challenging behaviour (behavioural difficulties) in learning disability. A number of practical, theoretical and methodological issues are discussed that have significance for the nurse both as practitioner and/or researcher in learning disability. These issues are equally important to both provider and purchaser of health care in order that resources can be most effectively targeted.
• ? The term ‘challenging behaviour’ would appear to be used both in literature and research synonymously with behavioural difficulties, this has implications for nurses in both their clinical practice and/or research. The author concludes by identifying a need to replace the term challenging behaviour, with ‘behavioural difficulties’. It is argued that such a term is much more explicit in meaning and amenable to operational definition, thus enabling empirical study. Such a proposal will not be accepted by all as justifiable; this is because some might argue that adopting the term behavioural difficulties may be a retrograde step that perpetuates negative imagery and inappropriate labelling of people with a learning disability.

     

An action research investigation into the feasibility of experienced registered sick children's nurses (RSCNs) becoming children's emergency nurse practitioners (ENPs)

• ? Emergency nurse practitioners (ENPs) formally developed in accident and emergency (A & E) departments as a direct response to waiting times for the walking wounded, the need to reduce junior doctors hours and changes in nursing practice.
• ? ENPs existed informally for many years in minor injuries units and specialist ophthalmic departments.
• ? This study aimed to examine whether or not the role of ENP could be applied to the specialist service of a paediatric casualty department.
• ? The results showed that 3% of patients could be seen and treated to conclusion by a children's ENP, and some patients could have their care accelerated by a children's ENP.
• ? The introduction of children's ENPs would have an impact on waiting times, junior doctors work-load and the quality of patient care.

     

Cervical cancer screening in Tamilnadu, India: a feasibility study of training the village health nurse

Uterine cervical cancer is the most common malignancy among females in developing countries, including India. The success of cervical cancer screening programs in North America and Western Europe has been the result of centralized cervical-cytology screening. This is not possible in the villages (n=17,000) of Tamilnadu where 58 percent of females in rural areas are illiterate, health infrastructure is mediocre, and cervical cytology is unknow. The present study was undertaken to examine if the village health nurse (VHN) could be trained quickly to identify a cervical abnormality by visual inspection so that we could down stage the cancer to earlier stages, more amenable to treatment. VHNs also would be trained to take an adequate Pap smear. A total of 101 VHNs were trained in batches and returned to their villages. Within two years, 6,459 engible women in the study area were screened. The agreement between the gynecologists and the VHNs in identifying cancer among those with abnormal cervix was 95 percent, and 80 percent of the Pap smears taken by VHNs were adequate by WHO criteria, making the feasibility study highly successful.Authors are with The Cancer Institute (WIA), Adyar, Madras, Tamil Nadu,India. Address correspondence to Dr Gajalakshmi, Epidemiology Division and Cancer Registry, 18, Sardar Patel Road, Cancer Institute (WIA), Madras-600 036, Tamilnadu, India. This project was funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research, Government of India, New Delhi, India.520 Cancer Causes and Control. Vol 7. 1996