脐血NSE、TNF-α与VEGF测定早期预测脑性瘫痪高危儿

目的:探讨脐血NSE、TNF-α与VEGF水平对脑瘫高危儿的早期预测价值。方法:研究对象分为3组:早产儿+高危因素组(1组)、足月儿+高危因素组(2组)与正常足月儿组(3组)。应用酶联免疫吸附法检测脐血NSE、TNF-α与VEGF水平。3个组均随访至3岁(死亡及诊断为脑瘫者终止)。结果:与3组相比较,1组与2组NSE、TNF-α与VEGF水平明显增高(P0.05)。至随访结束发现脑性瘫痪患儿9例(10.0%),其中1组为7例(25.9%),2组为2例,3组未发现脑瘫患儿。脑瘫组与非脑瘫组相比较,脑瘫组NSE、TNF-α与VEGF水平明显增高(P0.05)。结论:脐血NSE、TNF-α与VEGF水平测定可以辅助早期预测脑瘫高危儿。     

体感诱发电位在急性脑卒中后的变化观察和意义探讨

目的观察急性脑卒中患者体感诱发电位（SEP）改变特点，评价其对于脑功能监测的价值。方法对58例脑梗死、27例脑出血和11例蛛网膜下腔出血患者，检测发病后不同时期（1～12d）SEP和血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）改变，结合中国卒中量表评分（CSS）、Barthel指数、Glasgow-Pittsburgh昏迷量表评分以及颅脑影像学检查结果，分析与临床神经功能缺失的关系。25例年龄和性别匹配的正常人作为对照。结果发病后4d内各型脑卒中患者的SEP—P15、N20、P25和P40峰潜伏期较正常对照显著延长（P〈0．01）。脑出血和脑梗死患者发病后4d内SEP异常率高于发病后5～12d测定结果。发病后4d内，幕下脑出血和后循环脑梗死患者SEP—N20峰潜伏期与其病灶大小呈正相关（P〈0．01）。脑出血和脑梗死患者SEP—N20峰潜伏期与其血清NSE水平和CSS评分呈正相关（P〈0．01）。各型脑卒中患者SEP—N20峰潜伏期与其Glasgow-Pittsburgh昏迷量表评分呈负相关（P〈0．01）。结论SEP—N20峰潜伏期异常反映脑出血和脑梗死患者脑损伤和神经功能缺失严重程度，并可作为评估蛛网膜下腔出血患者昏迷程度的指标。     

Neuron specific enolase (NSE) and thymidine kinase (TK) as markers in biological fluids of brain tumor patients

We studied the activity of two enzymes NSE and TK in the biological fluids of 104 patients with nervous system diseases, who fell into 4 groups. 20 subjects out of 35 in the tumor group had glial tumors. We fixed a cut-off value of NSE and TK activity at the 95^th percentile of the control group, both in serum and in CSF. The aim of our investigation was to assess the reliability of TK and NSE assays in separating brain tumors from other neurological diseases. In our patients, most of the TK activity above the cut-off value was found in the tumor group. Serum TK seems to be a useful marker for following up cerebral tumors after surgery, but NSE is less useful for this purpose.

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Sommario Abbiamo studiato l'attività di due enzimi NSE e TK nei liquidi biologici di 104 Pazienti affetti da patologie del sistema nervoso. I Pazienti sono stati divisi in quattro gruppi: dei 35 Pazienti affetti da neoplasie 20 erano portatori di un tumore della serie gliale. Su liquor e su siero il valore cut-off dell'attività di NSE e TK è stato fissato al 95^o percentile del gruppo controllo. Lo scopo del nostro studio è stato quello di stabilire la affidabilità del dosaggio della NSE e della TK nel separare i tumori cerebrali da altre patologie d'interesse neurologico. Nei nostri Pazienti la maggiore attività enzimatica al di sopra del valore cut-off è stata riscontrata nel gruppo tumorale. I livelli serici di TK sembrano essere un utile marker per la valutazione del follow-up post-chirurgico dei Pazienti affetti da tumore gliale, mentre la valutazione dei valori della NSE non sembra utile a tale scopo.

     

The effect of anN-methyl-d-aspartate lesion in the hippocampus on glial and neuronal marker proteins

The study employed an immunochemical quantification of brain cell marker proteins in addition to quantitative morphology in order to provide a more multifacetted and characterized model for an excitotoxic CNS lesion. The importance of the approach in the evaluation of the potential of neuroprotective agents is emphasized. The S-100 protein, the glial fibrillary acidic (GFA) protein, neuron specific enolase (NSE) and neuronal intermediary filament polypeptides (NF 68 and NF 200) were measured with a dot-immunobinding assay, 3-30 days after a unilateral injection of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) in the left dorsal hippocampus of the rat. After 3 days, the neuronal cell loss averaged 80% in the hippocampus. The S-100 content was reduced 3 days after injection, but was 150% of control at 30 days. GFA increased constantly from days 3 to 30. The neuronal marker proteins were all markedly reduced 7 days after injection. However, at 30 days, NF 68 and NF 200 were close to control (80%). Increasing content would reflect regeneration and sprouting of neurites. The content of the neuronal cytoplasmic marker, NSE, was significantly lower than control also at 10 and 30 days, although a gradual recovery could be traced.     

促红细胞生成素对大鼠创伤性脑损伤保护作用的研究

目的:探讨促红细胞生成素(EPO)对大鼠创伤性脑损伤(TBI)后血脑屏障、脑水肿、脑损伤体积和血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的影响。方法:应用Feeney法制作大鼠创伤性脑损伤实验模型。选取72只成年Wistar大鼠,随机分成假手术组(24只)、对照组(24只)和EPO治疗组(24只)。制模成功48h后通过测定脑组织伊文思兰(EB)含量观察血脑屏障(BBB)的破坏程度、干湿重法测脑水含量、TTC染色法测定脑损伤体积。24h时放免法测定血清NSE含量。结果:EPO治疗组BBB破坏程度(67.3±13.1μg/g)与对照组(182.8±15.9μg/g)相比显著减轻(P<0.01)。EPO治疗组脑水肿(80.6%±0.2%)较对照组(91.8%±0.6%)明显减轻(P<0.01)。EPO治疗组脑损伤体积(17.9±4.0mm3)较对照组(37.7±3.8mm3)明显变小(P<0.01)。EPO组血清NSE水平(6.28±3.37ng/ml)也较对照组(10.02±1.50ng/ml)显著降低(P<0.05)。结论:EPO能维持血脑屏障的完整性,缩小脑损伤体积,减轻脑水肿和神经元的损害。     

电针对大脑中动脉闭塞大鼠脑内神经元特异性烯醇化酶及胶质纤维酸性蛋白表达的影响

目的：研究电针治疗对脑梗死病灶周围及海马神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)及胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)表达的影响。方法：采用易卒中型。肾性高血压大鼠(RHRSP)，电凝法凝闭大脑中动脉(MCAO)。MCAO后给予电针治疗，在治疗5d、2周后分别处死，行免疫组化染色，计算NSE、GFAP的阳性单位值。结果：梗死边缘NSE表达在梗死5d时处于低水平，梗死2周组增高，电针治疗2周后海马的NSE表达明显增加；梗死5d时病灶周围GFAP阳性细胞数目增多，染色加深，胞体增大，突起增粗、增长，2周时变化更明显。电针治疗5d后，梗死边缘GFAP阳性单位值明显增高。结论：早期电针治疗能够提高海马区NSE及梗死灶周围GFAP的表达，促进了缺血后脑的可塑性变化，构成了脑梗死功能恢复的物质基础。     

异丙酚全身麻醉对老年患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶、S100B蛋白及认知功能的影响

目的探讨异丙酚全身麻醉对老年患者血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、S100B蛋白水平及认知功能的影响。方法选取择期手术的老年患者121例,随机分为观察组61例和对照组60例,观察组采用异丙酚全身麻醉,对照组吸入异氟烷麻醉。观察2组患者麻醉诱导前(T_0)、手术结束即刻(T_1)、术后1 d(T_2)、术后2 d(T_3)时刻血清S100B蛋白和NSE水平,并观察2组患者术前1 d、术后1 d及术后2 d简易智能状态检查量表(MMSE)评分。结果 2组T_1、T_2时刻NSE水平、血清S100B蛋白均较T_0时刻升高,T_1时刻达到最高,但观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。2组T_3时刻恢复至T_0时刻水平,与T_0时刻差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2组术后1 d MMES评分均下降,但观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01),2组术后2 d MMES评分均恢复至术前水平,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论异丙酚较异氟烷麻醉对患者术后NSE水平、血清S100B蛋白和术后早期的认知功能影响较小。     

急性一氧化碳中毒患者血浆神经元特异性烯醇酶的动态变化及评估预后的意义

目的探讨急性一氧化碳中毒患者血浆神经元特异性烯醇酶(neuron-specific enolase,NSE)的动态变化及评估预后的意义。方法收集急性一氧化碳中毒患者71例,分别于中毒后24h(71例)、第3天(69例)、第7天(68例)和第14天(68例)采集血标本,应用酶联免疫吸附法测定血浆NSE水平,检测结果与40例正常对照者比较,并探讨急性一氧化碳中毒患者血浆NSE水平的动态变化及其与临床神经功能改变的相关性。结果中毒后24h、第3天血浆NSE水平明显高于对照组(t值分别为10.29、6.64,均P<0.001),24h的变化较为显著;预后不良组血浆NSE水平在中毒后24h(11例)、第3天(9例)、第7天(8例)各时间点明显高于预后良好组(60例)(t值分别为5.86、3.78、2.16,均P<0.05)。存活的68例急性一氧化碳中毒患者中毒后第14天神经功能缺损评分减少值与24h、第3天血浆NSE水平呈负相关,相关系数分别为-0.40(P<0.001)和-0.36(P<0.01)。结论急性一氧化碳中毒患者早期血浆NSE水平明显升高,血浆NSE的动态变化可反映中毒的严重程度并对预后评估有重要意义。     

糖尿病周围神经病变患者检测血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶的临床价值

目的探讨糖尿病周围神经病变(DPN)患者检测血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)的临床价值。方法采用化学发光法检测120例糖尿病并发周围神经病变患者(DPN组)、47例糖尿病未并发周围神经病变患者(DM组)、40例健康对照者(对照组)的血清NSE,并根据多伦多临床评分系统(TCSS)评分将120例DPN患者分为轻度组(35例)、中度组(51例)、重度组(34例)。结果⑴DPN组、DM组、对照组血清NSE相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05),DPN组血清NSE显著高于DM组、对照组(P0.05),DM组与对照组血清NSE差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。⑵轻度组、中度组、重度组血清NSE相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05),重度组血清NSE显著高于轻度组、中度组(P0.05),中度组血清NSE显著高于轻度组(P0.05)。结论血清NSE与DPN密切相关,血清NSE既可以用于DPN的诊断,还可以用于DPN的病情评估。