室管膜细胞在大鼠脊髓损伤后的反应性增生

目的旨在探讨成年大鼠脊髓损伤后室管膜细胞的增殖反应,为进一步促进脊髓损伤后自身修复提供理论依据。方法应用动脉瘤夹压迫建立大鼠脊髓压迫损伤模型,通过组织病理学及免疫组织化学方法检测不同时段室管膜细胞的反应性增生和神经外胚层多潜能细胞特异性抗原巢蛋白(nestin)的表达。结果常规病理学检查显示损伤模型类似于临床常见的脊髓横贯伤,损伤后24h可以观察到室管膜细胞nestin表达明显升高,增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)呈阳性;1周后见室管膜细胞显著增生;nestin的表达随时间进展呈向下调节。结论静止的室管膜细胞有潜在的增殖能力,在脊髓损伤后表现出明显的分裂增生,可能在结构和功能重塑过程中起作用。     

Impaired early bone formation in periodontal fenestration defects in dogs following application of insulin-like growth factor (II). Basic fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor beta 1

Abstract. Effects of a topically applied growth factor combination on fibroblast migration, collagen fiber formation and bone regeneration were studied in standardized periodontal defects in 4 beagle dogs. Following elevation of facial mucoperiosteal flaps, fenestration defects, 3 mm in diameter, were made through the cortical bone and into the dentin of maxillary and mandibular teeth. Collagen sponges, impregnated with 200 ng insulin-like growth factor II, 20 ng basic fibroblast growth factor and 6 ng transforming growth factor beta 1 were fitted to defects randomly in right or left quadrants and the flaps repositioned and sutured. Contralateral control defects received the collagen with vehicle only. Experimental procedures were staggered to allow observations of healing 3, 7, 10, and 14 days after surgery. Histometric analysis showed no differences in fibroblast and collagen density between control and growth factor defects. Bone regeneration was significantly greater in control than in growth factor defects 10 and 14 days after surgery. The rate of healing generally appeared more affected by intra-dog variations or procedural variations than by the growth factor combination.     

自体颅骨碎片及屑修补颅骨缺损(附60例报告)

应用自体颅骨碎片及骨屑对60例在造成颅骨缺损术同时行颅骨缺损修补术。缺损面积直径最小者2cm,最大者10cm。术后随访1个月至5年,病人颅骨缺损修补处外观正常,无凹陷,触之硬,与正常颅骨处类似。6个月拍X线片示颅骨修补处类似正常颅骨形态。     

雌激素对大鼠肝再生过程中肝细胞超微结构的影响

本文采用形态测量技术,分析了雌激素对大鼠肝再生过程中肝细胞超微结构的影响。结果显示,使用雌激素的大鼠肝细胞核及核仁体积明显高于对照组,以术后1～3d最明显(P<0.001);同时,线粒体数密度也明显增加,术后1、3、7d与对照组比较差异有极显著性意义(P<0.01),表明雌激素具有促进肝再生过程中肝细胞线粒体增生的作用。作者认为,雌激素的上述作用是雌激索促进肝细胞再生的形态学表现。     

神经网络分析方法用于心脏病诊断的研究

神经网络可以很好的拟合任意的非线性函数。我们从 QRS波群的高频三维频谱中提取出一些定量的特征参数 ,用神经网络的方法对这些参数进行有监督的学习训练 ,最终能在由这些特征参数张成的 m维空间中构建出一个 m维的曲面来区分病人和健康人的 QRS波群高频三维频谱 ,从而使得训练后的网络能基于 QRS波群的高频三维频谱自行诊断出病人和健康人     

人胚神经干细胞的体外培养及鉴定

目的 探讨人胚神经干细胞的体外培养和诱导分化的条件。方法 从药物流产的12周到16周的人胚胎海马组织中分离神经干细胞，在EGF、bFGF和LIF联合作用下使其稳定增殖，并用10％的胎牛血清诱导其贴壁分化，应用免疫荧光染色方法行Nestin、NSE、MAP-2、GFAP和GalC免疫荧光染色，对神经干细胞及其分化的细胞进行鉴定。结果 体外培养的神经干细胞增殖成神经干细胞球并传代，鉴定为Nestin染色阳性细胞，并可诱导分化为神经细胞、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞。结论 利用无血清培养技术和特定生长因子，可培养出在体外稳定增殖并有多向分化潜能的人胚神经干细胞。     

人胚额叶皮层和海马干细胞的自主分化研究

目的 研究人胚胎额叶皮层和海马组织神经干细胞的自主分化特性。观察额叶皮层神经干细胞和海马神经干细胞特性的异同。方法 从人胚胎额叶皮层和海马组织分别分离提出神经干细胞，经无血清体外培养、扩增，形成神经球。神经球贴壁进行不加诱导剂的自主分化。采用细胞生长曲线检测神经干细胞的增殖能力。使用5-溴脱氧尿嘧啶核苷（BrdU）标记分裂增生的细胞，观察细胞的分裂增殖情况。免疫细胞化学法鉴定神经干细胞的自主分化能力，比较额叶皮层和海马神经干细胞的分化特点。结果 从人胚胎额叶皮层和海马分离的神经干细胞具有增殖能力，额叶皮层神经干细胞的细胞倍增时间为3．9d，海马神经干细胞的细胞倍增时间为3．2d。细胞贴壁分化后出现Nestin、GFAP、Tuj-1表达阳性的细胞。皮层和海马神经干细胞分化产生的Tuj-1阳性细胞分别是40．7％和19．3％；皮层和海马神经干细胞分化产生的GFAP阳性细胞分别是59．3％和80．7％。结论 分离培养的额叶皮层和海马神经干细胞具有自我更新和增殖能力，可以向神经元、胶质细胞分化。额叶皮层神经干细胞与海马神经干细胞的倍增时问、自主分化特点和分化为神经细胞和胶质细胞的比率各有不同。     

Role of progenitor endothelial cells in cardiovascular disease and upcoming therapies.

The field of cell-based transplantation has expanded considerably and is poised to become an established cardiovascular therapy in the near future. In this review, we will focus on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are immature cells capable of differentiating into mature endothelial cells. EPCs share many surface marker antigens such as CD34, AC133, Flk-1, etc. with hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and the major source of EPCs as well as HSCs is the bone marrow (BM). BM-derived EPCs are mobilized into peripheral blood and recruited to the foci of pathophysiological neovascularization and reendothelialization, thereby contributing to vascular regeneration. Severe EPC dysfunction is an indicator of poor prognosis and severe endothelial dysfunction. Indeed, number of circulating EPCs and their migratory activity are reduced in patients with diabetes, coronary artery disease (CAD), or subjects with multiple coronary risk factors. Effective neovascularization induced by EPC transplantation for hindlimb, myocardial, and cerebral ischemia has been demonstrated in many preclinical studies, and early clinical trials of EPC transplantation in chronic and acute CAD indicate safety and feasibility of myocardial cell-based therapies. For therapeutic reendothelialization in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, CD34 antibody-coated stents have been used clinically to capture circulating EPCs at the injury sites and enhance reendothelialization and safety of stents. Further development in cell processing technology for efficient isolation, expansion, mobilization, recruitment, and transplantation of EPCs into target tissues are underway and expected to be tested in clinical trials in the near future.     

Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor Supports Liver Regeneration in a Small-for-size Liver Remnant Mouse Model

Experimental partial hepatectomy of more than 80% of the liver weight bears an increased mortality in rodents, due to impaired hepatic regeneration in small-for-size liver remnants. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) promotes progenitor cell expansion and mobilization and also has immunomodulatory properties. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of systemically administered G-CSF on liver regeneration and animal survival in a small-for-size liver remnant mouse model. Mice were preconditioned daily for 5 days with subcutaneous injections of 5 μg G-CSF or aqua ad injectabile. Subsequently, 83% partial hepatectomy was performed by resecting the median, the left, the caudate, and the right inferior hepatic lobes in all animals. Daily sham or G-CSF injection was continued. Survival was significantly better in G-CSF-treated animals (P < 0.0001). At 36 and 48 h after microsurgical hepatic resection, markers of hepatic proliferation (Ki67, BrdU) were elevated in G-CSF-treated mice compared to sham injected control animals (P < 0.0001) and dry liver weight was increased (P < 0.05). G-CSF conditioning might prove to be useful in patients with small-for-size liver remnants after extended hepatic resections due to primary or secondary liver tumors or in the setting of split liver transplantation. Presented at the Forty-seventh Annual Meeting of The Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract, Los Angeles, CA, May 14–19, 2006 (poster presentation).     

氟比洛芬酯用于抑制神经外科气管拔管期不良反应的观察

目的探讨氟比洛芬酯用于抑制神经外科术后气管拔管期不良反应的有效性和可行性。方法ASAⅠ～Ⅱ级神经外科手术患者56例,随机分为观察组（氟比洛芬酯组）和对照组,2组分别在停用麻醉药前30min静注氟比洛芬酯注射液1.5mg/kg和加生理盐水5ml。在围拔管期观察并记录血压、心率、血氧饱和度、拔管时间、呼唤睁眼时间、躁动呛咳发生情况以及Ramsay镇静评分、VAS疼痛程度评分。结果围拔管期观察组的血压、心率均明显低于对照组,躁动和呛咳发生例数少,清醒度镇痛度明显优于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论氟比洛芬酯用于神经外科围拔管期可减轻气管拔管期不良反应,同时可产生良好的镇痛作用并维持满意的镇静度。