Clinical research on acute lumbar sprain by Qi-inducing acupuncture manipulation

目的:探讨针刺导气法治疗急性腰扭伤的临床价值.方法:将60例急性腰扭伤患者随机单盲分为两组,观察组30例,在针刺得气的基础上施以导气法治疗;对照组30例,在常规针刺得气后留针20 min.3 d后观察疗效.结果:观察组痊愈率为86.7%,对照组为43.3%,观察组痊愈率明显优于对照组(P＜0.01).结论:针刺导气法是治疗腰扭伤的一种较好的方法.     

Musculoskeletal involvement in sarcoidosis,

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disorder of unknown cause. It most commonly affects the pulmonary system but can also affect the musculoskeletal system, albeit less frequently. In patients with sarcoidosis, rheumatic involvement is polymorphic. It can be the presenting symptom of the disease or can appear during its progression. Articular involvement is dominated by nonspecific arthralgia, polyarthritis, and Löfgren''s syndrome, which is defined as the presence of lung adenopathy, arthralgia (or arthritis), and erythema nodosum. Skeletal manifestations, especially dactylitis, appear mainly as complications of chronic, multiorgan sarcoidosis. Muscle involvement in sarcoidosis is rare and usually asymptomatic. The diagnosis of rheumatic sarcoidosis is based on X-ray findings and magnetic resonance imaging findings, although the definitive diagnosis is made by anatomopathological study of biopsy samples. Musculoskeletal involvement in sarcoidosis is generally relieved with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or corticosteroids. In corticosteroid-resistant or -dependent forms of the disease, immunosuppressive therapy, such as treatment with methotrexate or anti-TNF-α, is employed. The aim of this review was to present an overview of the various types of osteoarticular and muscle involvement in sarcoidosis, focusing on their diagnosis and management.     

不同缺血时间再灌注损伤对大鼠骨骼肌的影响

目的探讨不同缺血时间再灌注损伤对大鼠骨骼肌的影响。方法选取35只雄性Wistar大鼠,采用单侧夹闭股动脉和压力绷带施压的方法构建下肢骨骼肌缺血再灌注损伤(IRI)模型。根据不同缺血时间分为2 h缺血24 h再灌注(I2R24组)、2.5 h缺血24 h再灌注(I2.5R24组)、3 h缺血24 h再灌注(I3R24组)、4 h缺血24 h再灌注(I4R24组)、假手术组,每组7只。在再灌注终点,收集腓肠肌组织和血浆进行分析。采用湿重/干重比值(W/D)评估组织水肿情况;3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5二苯基四氮唑溴盐(MTT)检测组织活力;HE染色观察组织病理学变化;免疫荧光染色检测补体C1q和C3b/c沉积、凝血组织因子(TF)表达和纤维蛋白原(FN)沉积、缓激肽受体1(BR1)和BR2表达、内皮血管细胞黏附分子-1(VCAM-1)和E选择素表达、炎症纤维介素蛋白-2(FGL-2)和髓过氧化物酶(MPO)表达;ELISA法检测血浆干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-7(IL-7)、IL-18、巨噬细胞炎症蛋白-1α(MIP-1α)、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)水平。结果延长缺血时间再灌注,组织水肿逐渐加重,I2R24组、I2.5R24组、I3R24组、I4R24组W/D分别为5.3±0.2、6.1±0.3、6.9±0.2、7.6±0.3,高于假手术组的4.5±0.1(P均<0.01)。组织活力逐渐降低,I2R24组、I2.5R24组、I3R24组、I4R24组分别为(62.4±3.5)%、(45.3±3.3)%、(35.4±3.4)%、(27.1±5.9)%,低于假手术组的(93.8±7.2)%(P均<0.01)。病理组织损伤逐渐加重,最重为I4R24组,有严重肌细胞损伤、间质水肿和大量炎性细胞浸润,余依次为I3R24组、I2.5R24组、I2R24组,假手术组肌细胞结构完整、排列整齐。免疫荧光染色提示C1q、C3b/c、FN、BR1、VCAM-1、E选择素、FGL-2水平逐渐升高,由低到高依次为假手术组、I2R24组、I2.5R24组、I3R24组、I4R24组。MPO阳性细胞数/高倍镜(×200)细胞总数的大体比例逐渐升高,从高到低依次为I4R24组、I3R24组、I2.5R24组、I2R24组、假手术组。而TF和BR2表达在各组间无明显改变。血浆IFN-γ、IL-7、IL-18、MIP-1α、MCP-1浓度随缺血时间延长均逐渐升高(P均<0.01),从低到高依次为假手术组、I2R24组、I2.5R24组、I3R24组、I4R24组(P均<0.01)。结论延长缺血时间再灌注增加补体、凝血、激肽、内皮细胞激活及炎症因子释放,从而加重大鼠骨骼肌组织损伤。     

Effects of pre-sleep protein consumption on muscle-related outcomes — A systematic review

ObjectivesThe timing of protein intake over the day on muscle mass and strength gains have received interest in the literature. Thus, the aim of this systematic review is to analyze clinical studies that evaluated the acute effects of pre-sleep protein consumption on overnight muscle protein synthesis and the chronic effects on muscle mass and strength.DesignsSystematic review.MethodsA literature search was conducted up to June 2020 according to PRISMA statement and nine articles were included to analyze.ResultsThe consumption of 20–40 g of casein approximately 30 min before sleep stimulates whole-body protein synthesis rates over a subsequent overnight period in young and elderly men (preceded or not by resistance exercise, respectively). In addition, pre-sleep protein consumption can augment the muscle adaptive response (muscle fiber cross-sectional area, strength and muscle mass) during 10–12 weeks of resistance exercise in young, but not in elderly men.ConclusionsBased on current evidence, the consumption of 20–40 g of casein approximately 30 min before sleep improves protein synthetic response during an overnight recovery period in healthy young adult men, with possible positive effects on muscle mass and strength following prolonged resistance exercise. In elderly, despite the initial evidence regarding the pre-sleep protein enhances overnight muscle protein synthesis rates, the current available evidence is limited precluding to conclude about the chronic effects on skeletal muscle mass or strength. These conclusions need to be taken with caution due to uneven protein intakes between experimental groups. Therefore, more data are needed before further considering pre-sleep protein as an effective nutritional intervention.     

The effect of the Kinesio Tape on the muscle power performance of elite weightlifters

IntroductionTo investigate the effect of the Kinesio Tape on the muscle power of the elite weightlifters.MethodsA randomized controlled trial, single blind. Forty-two male weightlifters were randomly assigned to the experimental Kinesio Tape and sham Kinesio Tape groups of the study. The participants then performed a single leg vertical jump and a single leg horizontal jump with three attempts of each to obtain the measurement of muscle power. Outcome measures were included single-leg vertical countermovement jump, estimated peak power, and single-leg horizontal countermovement jump.ResultSignificant effect of Kinesio Tape on horizontal jumps distance among the weightlifters in the experimental group (p = 0.002). The study showed that the vertical jump height (p = 0.433), estimated peak power (p = 0.542) and horizontal jump distance (p = 0.841) measurements did not improve significantly between the groups at level p = 0.05.ConclusionThere is a small and better improvement noticed on the outcome measurements after Kinesio Tape application, which may be considered clinical importance for the sport. However, there was no statistically significant effect of Kinesio Tape between the groups.     

大鼠肌紧张带重复低频电刺激后的生物力学及病理学改变

目的研究大鼠肌紧张带（TB）重复低频电刺激疲劳试验后的生物力学及病理学改变。 方法符合实验标准的28只Wistar大鼠,按随机数字表法分为对照组、强度疲劳实验组和频率疲劳实验组,分别进行对照、强度疲劳实验和频率疲劳实验研究。记录和分析TB和非肌紧张带（non-TB）在每一刺激循环中的最大收缩力和最大收缩力低刺激强度和高刺激强度,以及频率疲劳实验中的最大收缩力、强直收缩力和频率。光镜下观察其病理变化。 结果①强度疲劳实验中,TB的最大收缩力在第15次循环（1.42±0.28）g和第20次循环（0.93±0.54）g中明显比其第1次循环（1.99±0.31）g和第5次循环（1.97±0.27）g降低;最大收缩力高刺激强度在第15次循环（3.76±0.71）V和第20次循环（3.44±0.97）V中明显比其第1次循环（4.04±0.64）V降低。在第10、15和20次强度刺激循环中,TB的最大收缩力和最大收缩力高刺激强度明显比non-TB低。②频率疲劳实验中,TB最大收缩力频率（9.60±2.12）Hz和强直频率（25.45±2.65）Hz明显小于non-TB,最大收缩力（1.67±0.16）g和强直收缩力（2.02±0.21）g明显大于non-TB。③病理切片显微镜观察显示强度和频率疲劳实验后,TB肌纤维染色明显不均,肌纤维排列紊乱,出现明显的水肿、细胞退变和断裂。 结论TB耐受不同电刺激强度和频率的能力降低,肌纤维易受损伤,肌肉抗疲劳能力下降;TB或许参与肌筋膜疼痛综合征患者的肌无力和易疲劳性。     

Botulinum Toxin in the Treatment of Muscle Specific Oro-Facial Pain: A Literature Review

Facial pain associated with temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and surrounding structures has been a challenge to clinicians as far as diagnosis and management is concerned. Complexity of anatomical structures within a small area, function of teeth and surrounding periodontal ligament, action of muscles, pathologies, lack of diagnostic investigations, all these complicate specific diagnosis of TMJ disorders. Various classifications have been designed and studied to help diagnose and treat TMJ related disorders, of which the simplest one is pain from TMJ proper and surrounding muscles. Many treatment modalities to treat pain arising from muscles around TMJ like splints, mouth restriction exercises, injection of sclerosing agents etc. have been used with various degrees of success. Botulinum toxin has been shown to be effective in the treatment of oro-facial pain due to muscular disorders and the same is discussed in detail in this review literature.