荷包环扎式结直肠吻合保肛术治疗低位直肠癌*

目的 :评价荷包环扎式结直肠吻合保肛术治疗低位直肠癌的价值。方法 :对低位直肠癌采用荷包环扎结直肠吻合保肛术治疗 2 3例 (A组 ) ,采用Miles手术治疗 2 6例 (B组 )。结果 :A组术后 1、3年生存率分别为 10 0 % (2 3/ 2 3) ,95 7% (2 2 / 2 3) ,术后无局部复发病例 ;排便功能优 16例 (6 9 6 % ) ,良 7例 (30 4 % )。B组术后 1、3年生存率分别为 10 0 % (2 6 / 2 6 ) ,96 2 % (2 5 /2 6 ) ,术后局部复发率 3 8% (1/ 2 6 )。两组术后 1、3年生存率 ,局部复发率经统计检验 ,均无显著差异 (P值均 >0 0 5 )。术后并发症 :A组无吻合口瘘及吻合口狭窄发生 ,盆腔感染 1例。B组 :切口感染 1例 ,人工肛门狭窄 1例。结论 :采用螺纹支架管荷包环扎结直肠吻合保肛术治疗低位直肠癌既能达到根治目的 ,又有保留肛门的良好排便功能 ,且并发症少 ,操作简便易行 ,不用特殊器械 ,值得推广应用     

Early neonatal inflammation affects adult pain reactivity and anxiety related traits in mice: genetic background counts

Protracted or recurrent pain and inflammation in the early neonatal period may cause long-lasting changes in central neural function. However, more research is necessary to better characterize the long-term behavioral sequelae of such exposure in the neonatal period. Objectives: (1) to study whether timing of postnatal exposure to persistent inflammation alters responsiveness to thermal pain in the adult animal; (2) to assess whether animals experiencing early postnatal chronic inflammation display altered anxiety related behavior; (3) to study the importance of genetic background. Newborn mice (outbred strain, CD1 and F1 hybrid strain, B6C3F1) received an injection of Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) or saline on either postnatal day 1 or 14 (PND1; PND14) into the left hind paw. Pain to radiant heat and anxiety were examined in 12-week-old adult animals. Adult baseline PWL was significantly decreased in CD1 mice exposed to CFA on PND 1 and 14 as compared to their saline treated counterparts. B6C3F1 mice exposed to CFA on PND14 showed markedly reduced baseline PWL compared to the PND14 saline group. Persistent inflammation experienced by B6C3F1 mice on PND1 failed to affect baseline adult thermal responsiveness. Adult mice, CD1 and B6C3F1, displayed low anxiety traits only if they had been exposed to persistent inflammation on PND1 and not on PND14. Our research suggests a role for genetic background in modulating long-term behavioral consequences of neonatal persistent inflammation: the data support the hypothesis that pain experienced very early in life differentially affects adult behavioral and emotional responsiveness in outbred (CD1) and hybrid mice (B6C3F1).     

Modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale in Chinese children with obstructive sleep apnea: a retrospective study

Background and objective  The purpose of this study is to assess whether Chinese children with high apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) are sleepier by a modified Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Materials and methods  Records were retrospectively reviewed. We included children who were between 3 and 12 years old, admitted for overnight polysomnogram because of suspected obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). A modified ESS was used to assess excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) of the children. Results  One hundred ninety-two Chinese children were included. Children with high AHI, defined as AHI > 5.0, were sleepier than children with AHI less than or equal to 5. After adjustment by age, gender, and obesity, children with high AHI remained significantly sleepier. Modified ESS was significantly correlated with AHI (rho = 0.124, 95% CI = 0.004–0.281). Modified ESS score of >8 was the best cutoff point with the sensitivity and specificity of 0.29 and 0.91, respectively. The odds ratio of children with modified ESS > 10 having high AHI was 4.231 (95%CI = 1.248 to 14.338) and children with modified ESS > 8 had the highest odds ratio, 4.295(95%CI = 1.66 to 11.1), of having high AHI. Conclusion   Chinese children with high AHI appear to be sleepier than children with low AHI. Children with suspected OSAS and high modified ESS, i.e., ESS > 8, had significantly higher odds ratio of having high AHI. Increased sleepiness is a specific but not a sensitive symptom in snoring children with high AHI. Screening for EDS in snoring children may help us identify those with high AHI and prioritize the management of those children. All authors worked and the study was carried out in Kwong Wah Hospital in Hong Kong. There was no conflict of interest and no specific source of funding for the study.     

Functioning and disability 6–15 years after traumatic brain injuries in northern Sweden

Objectives –  To assess long‐term functioning and disability after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Material and methods –  Individuals (n = 88) in Norrbotten, northern Sweden, who had been transferred for neurosurgical care were assessed with internationally established TBI outcome measures 6–15 years post‐injury. Results –  There was an improvement in overall outcome from discharge from inpatient rehabilitation to follow‐up. Many individuals had a high degree of motor and cognitive functioning, which enabled them to live independently in their own home without assistance, but there remained a disability related to community reintegration and social participation. This affected their productivity and to some degree their marital stability. The remaining disability and reduced productivity were related to the age at injury and the injury severity. Conclusions –  Our data showed that individuals with a TBI can achieve and maintain a high degree of functioning many years after the injury. Increasing age and a greater injury severity contributed to their long‐term disability.     

Risk behaviors and its association with caries activity and dental caries in Japanese children

The aim of this study was to assess risk behaviors and its association with caries activity and dental caries in Japanese children. The subjects were 392 young Japanese children who underwent dental health check-up at 18, 30 and 42 months of age. Oral examinations, Cariostat tests and dental health questionnaires were carried out at each time. The caries prevalence of children was 1.5% at 18 months, 9.9% at 30 months and 28.1% at 42 months. Caries activity based on the Cariostat scores of children was correlated with caries status (caries-free/carious) at 42 months. In children with caries during each examination period at 42 months, eating snacks while playing was ranked as the most important behavioral risk (P < 0.001), followed by breast-feeding (P < 0.01), non setting of time for snacks (P < 0.05) and frequency of snacks (P < 0.05) at 18 months old; non brushing by mother (P < 0.05) and eating snacks while playing (P < 0.05) were ranked highest at 30 months old. In addition, eating snacks while playing (P < 0.001) at 42 months old was the only a significant factor for children with caries. Caries activity and risk behaviors were associated with caries experience at different age periods of childhood.     

心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状2050例心理干预治疗分析

目的:了解心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状的情况并探讨心理干预等对焦虑抑郁症状的影响。方法:对住院的2050例心血管疾病并发焦虑抑郁症状的患者进行回顾性分析。结果:心血管疾病患者中并发有焦虑抑郁症状者占56%;其常表现为类似心绞痛、左心衰竭症状,可并发有心律失常;高血压病并发有焦虑抑郁患者对血压升高的耐受性差,动态血压检查以非勺型改变者居多;单纯使用心血管药物治疗效果欠佳,心理干预,焦虑抑郁症状严重者结合抗焦虑抑郁药物疗效显著。结论:心血管疾病患者常并发焦虑抑郁症状,心理干预治疗等可有效改善患者的症状。     

固定桥桥体龈底形态对接触区黏膜微生态影响的研究

目的探讨烤瓷桥桥体龈端不同形态设计对牙槽嵴顶黏膜微生态的影响。方法对60例磨牙烤瓷修复的患者采用常规细菌培养和计算机鉴定的方法进行检测。结果桥体龈端接触区细菌附着量和种类与牙体预备前相比,均有增多。其中,改良鞍式和改良盖嵴式桥体龈端接触区细菌附着量和细菌种类变化的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而舟底式桥体龈端接触区细菌附着数量和种类的变化,均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。戴用3个月后,各组链球菌和奈瑟菌的组成比例变化与牙体预备前相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其余各类细菌组成比例的变化无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论从对桥体底黏膜微生态的影响考虑,烤瓷桥舟底式桥体优于改良鞍式和改良盖嵴式桥体,是值得临床推广应用的磨牙桥体设计。     

数字曲面体层X片在评价非负荷期种植体周围骨吸收的临床应用

目的:评价数字曲面体层X片在测量非负荷期种植体周围牙槽骨吸收的应用情况。方法:观测、分析对比26例患者50枚Camlog系统种植体临床应用非负荷期间数字化曲面体层X片和X线牙片上种植体周围牙槽骨吸收的情况。结果:50枚Camlog种植体植入后10 d,两种X片骨吸收测量结果分别为0.65 mm、0.81 mm,两者之间无明显差异;第4个月(或6月\下颌)分别为0.12 mm、0.19 mm,两者之间无明显差异。结论:本研究显示数字化曲面体层X片在测量非负荷期种植体周围牙槽骨吸收的应用中有操作简单、重复性好、精确度高、变形可补偿等优点,有实际应用价值,值得推广。     

IMA在急性冠状动脉综合征中的诊断意义

目的：探讨ACB法检测急性冠脉综合征患者血清中IMA水平及联合检测IMA、CK、CK-MB、cTnI、LDH水平的诊断价值。方法：将80例急性冠脉综合征患者分为3组，不稳定性心绞痛组27例，ST段抬高型心肌梗死组25例，非ST段抬高型心肌梗死组28例，另选150例健康体检者为正常对照组，抽血检测其缺血修饰白蛋白（IMA）、肌酸激酶（CK）、肌酸激酶同工酶（CK-MB）、肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH），对检测结果进行分析讨论。结果：急性冠状动脉综合征3组患者中IMA水平均明显高于正常对照组（P〈0．01），IMA水平以不稳定性心绞痛组最高。各种心肌酶对诊断急性冠状动脉综合征的敏感性分别为：IMA88％、CK22％、CK-MB20％、cTnI32％、LDH28％；CK、CK-MB、cTnI、LDH，四者联合检测敏感性为52％；五者联合检测敏感性可达92％。结论：IMA在早期诊断急性冠脉综合征中具有临床应用价值。ACB法检测IMA对急性冠脉综合征的诊断明显优于其他传统酶类，联合检测则大大提高了急性冠脉综合征的确诊率，减少漏诊和误诊的发生。