命门动静观——兼论中医关于内分泌学的早期发现

明代命门学说的形成是中国古代医家为探索生命的起源及其内在规律所作的伟大尝试,反映出中国医药学早期对人体内分泌功能的发现和认识[1]。明代医家关于命门的解剖位置及其功能的描述,与现代医学肾上腺的位置和生理功能基本相合。"命门动静观"——即命门是五脏整合的生殖调节中枢,平时处在半关闭的状态,静以蓄养,为生殖作物质和能量方面的储备;激发态下命门全面开放,整合脏腑,使之同步;奇经八脉为命门开放、整合五脏的通道。命门为生命之原,相火之主,具有阴阳相济的特性,因而有别于五脏、十二经脉,反映出太极层次下生命活动的内在规律和调节机制。这项研究澄清了长期以来"肾命不分"的混淆。命门学说研究的深入为在生命的高层次上探索中西医结合之路开辟了广阔的前景。     

生命1号健脑强身及促骨生长的实验研究

采用水迷宫法、穿梭箱法、避暗法、跳台法观察了生命1号对小鼠学习、记忆、巩固的影响。灌胃给生命1号可改善东莨菪碱、樟柳碱致小鼠记忆获得障碍。生命1号能明显提高单核细胞吞噬功能，显著增加小鼠血清溶血素的含量，促进T淋巴细胞的转化。除此之外，还能明显地增加阳虚大鼠股骨的重量、长度、直径及皮质厚度；提高血清钙、磷水平；降低血清碱性磷酸酶的含量，具有促进骨骼生长的作用。     

Comparing the Discriminative Validity of Two Generic and One Disease-Specific Health-Related Quality of Life Measures in a Sample of Patients with Dry Eye

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the discriminative properties of two generic health-related quality of life (QoL) instruments (SF-36 and EQ-5D) and a newly developed disease-specific patient-reported outcomes instrument (Impact of Dry Eye on Everyday Life (IDEEL)) to distinguish between different levels of dry eye severity. METHODS: Assessment of 210 people: 130 with non-Sjogren's Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca (non-SS KCS), 32 with Sj?gren's Syndrome (SS) and 48 controls; comparison of SF-36, EQ-5D, and IDEEL age-adjusted data by dry eye severity levels. Severity was assessed based on diagnosis (non-SS KCS, SS, control), patient-report (none, very mild, mild, moderate, severe, extremely severe) and clinician-report (none, mild, moderate, severe). RESULTS: Discriminative validity results were consistent for all instruments. Significant differences between severity levels were found with most SF-36 scales (P < 0.05), all EQ-5D scales (P < 0.05), and all IDEEL scales (P < 0.0001), except for Treatment Satisfaction. IDEEL scales consistently outperformed the generic QoL measures regardless of the severity criterion used. Most SF-36 scales outperformed the EQ-5D QoL scale, but the EQ-5D visual analog scale outperformed the SF-36 scales, except for General Health Perceptions. CONCLUSIONS: The disease-specific IDEEL scales are better able to discriminate between severity levels than the majority of the generic QoL scales. Preliminary evidence demonstrates that the IDEEL will be sensitive to QoL changes over time, although further testing in controlled longitudinal studies is needed.     

同安区居民癌症负担中早死所致生命损失分析

目的：了解1990-2001年同安区居民癌症负担中因早死所致生命损失。方法：采用世界银行全球疾病负担评价指标体系和1990-2001年同安区死亡登记报告资料，分析恶性肿瘤给同安区居民健康造成的损失。结果：肝癌、食管癌、胃癌因早死所致生命损失年(YLLs)占恶性肿瘤总YLLs76．56％。其中．肝癌在恶性肿瘤YLLs顺位中位居第一。肺癌YLLs呈上升趋势。因早死所致生命损失主要发生在30-74岁年龄组人群。结论：消化道恶性肿瘤，尤其肝癌是危害该区居民生命健康的主要恶性肿瘤。     

太原市某小学学生健康生活方式知识·态度·行为

目的了解小学生与健康生活方式有关的知识、态度、行为现况,为相应的干预研究提供科学依据.方法采用问卷调查法对太原市桃园小学三～五年级824名学生进行调查.结果健康生活方式知识(48.35分)、态度(18.52分)、行为(59.58分)问卷得分小学生均未达到及格水平,且男生在知识方面的得分显著高于女生(P＜0.05);三、五年级小学生的知识得分显著高于四年级(P值均＜0.05),三、四年级小学生的态度得分显著高于五年级(P值均＜0.05).结论对小学生进行健康生活方式的教育干预不仅必要,而且迫切.     

郑州市初中矮身材学生致矮因素分析

目的分析矮身材儿童的致矮因素,为开展针对性干预措施、降低矮身材发生率提供依据.方法对郑州市4所中学初中生3 240名进行身高测量,筛选出92例矮身材儿童为研究对象,将正常身高儿童1∶1与之配对,进行问卷调查、体格测量、骨龄判定、血清激素及头发微量元素测定.结果矮身材检出率为3.21%;病例与对照组间父母身高、骨龄差异有显著性(P<0.001),出生方式、出生体重差异有显著性(P值分别<0.05和0.01);矮身材儿童偏食者多、缺乏体育活动,两组差异有显著性(P值分别<0.05和0.01);矮身材组血清睾酮均值低于对照组(P<0.001),睾酮与身高、骨龄之间存在正相关性.结论矮身材发生与父母身材矮小、难产、低出生体重、偏食、体育活动少、血清睾酮水平偏低等因素有关;儿童少年矮身材多为体质性生长发育迟缓.     

肇庆市1998～2002年5岁以下儿童生命监测结果与干预措施

目的 :掌握肇庆市 5岁以下儿童死亡变化趋势及主要死亡原因 ,探讨干预措施。方法 :对 1998～ 2 0 0 2年肇庆市5岁以下儿童生命监测结果进行分析。结果 :5岁以下儿童死亡率呈逐年下降。 5岁以下儿童死亡死因依次为肺炎、早产低体重儿、新生儿窒息、意外事故、腹泻、先天畸形、诊断不明、先心病。提出做好围产期保健工作 ,提高产科、儿科质量 ,推广窒息复苏技术 ,普及科学育儿知识等措施     

冠状动脉造影及冠脉内介入治疗的初步体会

目的　总结 4 1例冠状动脉造影 (CAG)及冠脉内介入治疗 (PCI)的初步体会。方法　回顾性分析4 1例 CAG的造影结果、操作体会及评价 10例 PCI的疗效。结果　 4 1例 CAG均获成功 ,且有 10例冠心病患者接受PCI治疗 ,对 13处病变血管实施经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术 (PTCA) ,共植入支架 16个 ,其中 11个为磷酸胆碱药物涂层支架 (PC支架 ) Biodiv Ysio TMOC,支架置入时最大球囊充盈压力为 12± 2大气压。支架置入后未见残余狭窄 ,总成功率 10 0 % ,术后 3～ 6个月随访未发生再狭窄。结论　 CAG是诊断冠心病的准确方法 ,进一步的 PCI治疗是治疗冠心病的安全有效方法。     

Life Satisfaction in a Sample of Outpatients with Severe Mental Disorders: A Survey in Northern Italy

This paper presents a cross-sectional survey of subjective quality of life in a sample of 40 Italian patients with disabling mental disorders living in the community. The patients self-rated their quality of life by the Satisfaction with Life Domains Scale. They were satisfied in relation to basic needs, such as housing, food or clothing and appreciated to some extent the services received, but were very unhappy about their income and their intimate sexual relationships. This Italian sample appeared less satisfied than most samples of people with severe mental disorders investigated by the same instrument in other countries. This may be related to the high level of psychopathology and disability shown by patients for whom survival in the community is in itself an achievement. However, lack of money and poor sexual life are common concerns of long-term mentally ill. How to address such problems is a major challenge for community psychiatric services.