腔镜和内镜技术在腹部外科疾病治疗中的联合运用

目的研究腹腔镜和内镜联合,腹腔镜多科疾病联合或多种疾病联合手术的可能性、安全性。方法运用十二指肠镜+腹腔镜+胆道镜完成对82例胆囊结石合并胆总管结石病人进行ERCP+LC+LCDE;运用腹腔镜+结肠镜对9例结肠肿瘤进行手术;利用腹腔镜+胃镜对3例胃肿瘤病人进行手术等;运用腹腔镜分别对胆囊结石合并其它疾病的174例病人进行多科联合手术或多种疾病联合手术。结果272例病人均顺利完成手术,其中3例并发腔镜戳孔部位脂肪液化,1例并发皮下气肿并高碳酸血症,经积极治疗后均达到临床治愈标准,痊愈出院。结论腹腔镜和内镜联合、多科联合、多种疾病联合手术,安全、可靠、可行,有良好的临床运用价值。     

腹腔镜胆囊切除兼行其他手术28例经验

目的探讨腹腔镜联合手术的适应证和优越性。方法回顾性分析28例腹腔镜联合手术的临床资料。结果28例腹腔镜联合手术均获得成功。手术时间65~132min,平均手术时间76min,术后3~7d出院。无并发症。结论腹腔镜联合手术可安全、有效地治疗多种腹部疾病,显著减少病人的痛苦和费用,体现了微创技术的优越性,值得推广。     

经皮椎弓根技术治疗胸腰椎骨折的临床探讨

目的:探讨微创经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定手术治疗胸腰椎骨折的可行性及其疗效。方法:20例胸腰椎骨折病例,男13例,女7例;年龄28~65岁,平均48·2岁。其中16例损伤平面以下无神经功能损害、无双下肢和大小便障碍;4例有不同程度的脊髓损伤,按Frankel分级:C级1例,D级3例。在C形臂X线的定位下确定需要固定的椎弓根根部,做4个1·5cm长的切口,固定与复位均在4个小切口内完成。结果:所有病例均获随访,时间9~18个月,平均15个月。术后患者椎体高度均有不同程度恢复,椎体后凸畸形获得不同程度矫正。手术时间约1·5h,出血量约80ml。结论:微创经皮椎弓根螺钉内固定手术操作简便、安全可靠,具有创伤小、出血少、疼痛轻、恢复快、住院时间短等优点。     

外科治疗ⅢA期N2非小细胞肺癌的预后分析及临床意义

目的 探讨影响ⅢA期N2非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）预后的因素，并分析经手术治疗不同亚组病人的生存率差异。方法 分析1997年1月至2000年1月146例手术治疗的ⅢA期N2 NSCLC病人的可能影响预后因素：病理类型、肿瘤位置、肿瘤大小、手术方式、临床N2情况，N2转移组数及个数、术后辅助治疗等，并用Kaplan-Meier曲线及Logr ank检验生存率差异，Cox单因素、多因素分析各因素对生存率的影响。结果 ⅢA期N2 NSCLC病人的3年和5年生存率分别为19．86％和14．56％。单因素分析示肿瘤位置、临床N2情况、N2转移组数及个数是影响生存率的因素；多因素分析示肿瘤大小、临床N2情况，N2转移组数和肿瘤位置影响预后。右肺下叶肿瘤单组或单个N2转移，预后最好。结论 纵隔N2转移淋巴结的大小、个数和组数是影响术后生存率主要因素。手术前未发现N2转移（mN2），有1组N2转移（N2h），N2转移数少于4个者手术治疗效果好。右肺下叶肿瘤发生单组N2淋巴结转移预后好。     

肛管腺癌49例的临床特点及其治疗

目的 探讨肛管腺癌的临床特点和治疗方法。方法 回顾性分析我院1965年1月至2002年3月间收治的肛管腺癌共49例的临床资料。结果 男女比例1．3：1，平均年龄52岁，中位年龄56岁。肛门出血、便条变细和肛门肿物是最常见的症状。36．7％伴有慢性肛周疾病史。治疗后中位随访时间66个月。局部复发和腹股沟淋巴结转移各7例，肺转移2例，锁骨上淋巴结转移和纵隔转移各1例。单纯手术组、单纯放化疗组、综合治疗组（腹会阴联合切除加术后辅助放化疗）和无局部治疗组患者的3年总生存率分别是41，3％、20．0％、56．3％和15．0％，5年总生存率分别是34．4％、0、37．5％和0。结论 早期诊断是改善肛管腺癌预后的最基本保证，综合治疗是目前疗效较好的治疗手段。     

原发性小肠肿瘤34例诊治体会

目的探讨原发性小肠肿瘤的诊治方法。方法回顾性分析我院1993年12月~2005年1月诊治的原发性小肠肿瘤34例的临床资料。结果本组术后近期死亡1例。恶性肿瘤中行根治性切除、姑息性切除、肠转流术后1年、3年生存率分别为69.23%、33.33%、20.0%和46.15%、0、0;根治性切除术后5年生存率为23.08%。结论内镜、X线钡剂造影、B型超声和CT检查是原发性小肠肿瘤主要的诊断方法。必要时,可行剖腹探查。手术治疗是其主要的治疗手段。     

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans: a population-based cancer registry descriptive study of 66 consecutive cases diagnosed between 1982 and 2002

BACKGROUND: Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a rare malignant tumour of the skin, with an estimated incidence of 0.8 to five cases per 1 million people per year. OBJECTIVE: To study epidemiological, immunohistochemical and clinical features, delay in diagnosis, type of treatment and outcome of DFSP from 1982 to 2002. METHODS: Using data from the population-based cancer registry, 66 patients with pathologically proved DFSP were included (fibrosarcomatous DFSP were excluded). Each patient lived in one of the four departments of Franche-Comté (overall population of 1 million people) at the time of diagnosis. The main data sources came from public and private pathology laboratories and medical records. The rules of the International Agency for Research on Cancer were applied. RESULTS: The estimated incidence of DFSP in Franche-Comté was about three new cases per 1 million people per year. Male patients were affected 1.2 times as often as female patients were. The trunk (45%) followed by the proximal extremities (38%) were the most frequent locations. DFSP occurred mainly in young adults between 20 and 39 years of age. Mean age at diagnosis was 43 years, and the mean delay in diagnosis was 10.08 years. Our 66 patients initially underwent a radical local excision. Among them, 27% experienced one or more local recurrences during 9.6 years of follow-up. There was one regional lymph node recurrence without visceral metastases. These recurrences were significantly related to the initial peripheral resection margins. We observed a local recurrence rate of 47% for margins less than 3 cm, vs. only 7% for margins ranging from 3 to 5 cm [P=0.004; OR=0.229 (95%, CI=0.103-0.510)]. The mean time to a first local recurrence was 2.65 years. Nevertheless, there was no death due to the DFSP course at the end of the follow-up, and the final outcome was favourable. CONCLUSION: Our study emphasizes the importance of wide local excision with margins of at least 3 cm in order to prevent local recurrence. However, the recent development of inhibitors of signal transduction by the PDGFB pathway should soon modify the surgical strategy, which is often too mutilating.     

重症急性胰腺炎102例临床分析

目的探讨重症急性胰腺炎的合理治疗方案。方法以1985年1月～2005年8月间收治的102例重症急性胰腺炎作研究对象，比较手术组与非手术组的主要并发症和死亡率。A组：1985年1月～1993年12月以手术治疗为主41例；B组：1994年1月～2005年8月以早期非手术治疗为主61例。结果手术组死亡率和并发症发生率明显高于非手术组，两组病死率及并发症发生率比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论重症急性胰腺炎采用早期非手术治疗能有效降低病死率和并发症发生率。大多数重症急性胰腺炎可经非手术治愈。     

应用预控出血的包皮中远段环形剥除术治疗包皮过长

Objective To investigate the middle and distal circum peeling with bleeding control technique for redundant prepuce. Methods The middle and distal part of prepuce was eireum peeled with bleeding control and electrical scalpel. More preputial inner plate was reserved. Results From January 2004 to July 2008, 51 patients with redundant prepuce were treated with this procedure. The average blood loss was 1 ～2 ml with minimal edema. The proportion of inner and outer plates was suitable. Conclusions This teelmique has the advantages of minimal blood loss and slight edema. The cosmetic result is also satisfactory.