均衡组间差异的有效方法:倾向评分

目的：实例介绍倾向评分法的基本原理和适用条件，设计适用于分析二分类资料的SAS宏程序。方法：运用倾向评分比较平衡前后两组间差异的改变情况，评价放弃心肺复苏急救与充血性心力衰竭患者院内死亡的联系。结果：采用分层法和匹配法都可以有效地平衡两组各个特征变量间所存在的高度差异，三种分析方法获得相近的估计结果。结论：倾向评分法是均衡组间差异的有效方法，能够匹配和平衡各个特征变量的作用，并用于分析各种观察性研究资料。     

一种鉴别肥大细胞表型的复合染色法

运用ABC-爱先蓝-PAS复合染色法,分别对大鼠肝,胃、肠中不同表型肥大细胞即结缔组织肥大细胞(CTMC)和粘膜肥大细胞(MMC)进行鉴别染色实验。结果表明:肝汇管区MC呈棕褐色;胃粘膜上皮及粘膜下结缔组织内MC分别被染成蓝色和棕褐色;肠粘膜固有层MC呈蓝色.通过不同颜色反应从而确定其MC表型。本实验还通过对染色顺序。固定液选择等的多次摸索。取得了较好的染色效果,与其它检测方法的结果相一致,但试剂来源方便,操作简易。一般实验室即可进行。     

碳—钛组合式人工股骨头临床应用15年随访

自1980年4月至1995年4月,应用碳—钛组合式人工股骨头治疗髋关节疾患319例。随访最短1年,最长15年。随访结果:股骨颈骨折组优良率93％,股骨头无菌性坏死组优良率89.8％。余者2例失败,4例髋关节周围钙化,2例碳质头略大,3例假体下沉,1例类风湿性髋关节强直,术后关节再强直。1例髋臼硬化,4例6髋关节明显疼痛。4例死于心血管疾病。我们体会到碳质材料具有良好的物理、化学性能和生物相容性,是一种优良的人工关节材料。碳—钛组合式人工股骨头是目前优良的人工假体之一。     

便携式野战—Ⅰ型多功能骨科手术器械

一种便携式野战多功能骨科手术器械。重量仅１．１ｋｇ，体积为２１５ｍｍ×１０５ｍｍ×１５ｍｍ，如铅笔盒，而功能多达３３种，具有结构紧凑、操作简便、一械多用、轻巧便携。价廉实用、效价比高的特点。是基层巡诊、抢险救灾救治中适用的骨科器械。     

Mivacurium in infants and children

Mivacurium is the only available short-acting nondepolarizing muscle relaxant in clinical use. It is a bis-quaternary benzylisoquinolinium ester hydrolysed by plasma-cholinesterase into inactive compounds. The ED₅₀ and ED₉₅ in children are about 50 μg·kg^?1 and 90 μg·kg^?1 respectively. In infants, they have a tendency to be lower. A standard intubating dose of 0.25 mg·kg^?1 causes complete neuromuscular depression in 1.5–2 min, recovery to 5% in 6–10 min, and complete recovery in 15–20 min. The recent tendency is to use 0.3 mg·kg^?1 to obtain better intubating conditions with slight prolongation of effect. Since the recovery profile of mivacurium is independent of the dose and duration, it is most suitable for administration by continuous infusion. The infusion requirement in children is 10–16 μg·kg^?1 min^?1, which is about twice that of adults. Cutaneous flushes from histamine release are commonly seen with the larger doses of mivacurium; however, the associated hypotensive effects are minimal and counteracted by the tracheal intubation. The duration of action of mivacurium is prolonged in patients with cholinesterase deficiency. Mivacurium's neuromuscular effects can be satisfactorily antagonized by edrophonium or neostigmine.     

动物肠道溶瘤病毒实验治疗荷瘤小鼠的非瘤器官光镜及电镜观察

用动物肠道溶瘤病毒(Ecco-18)实验治疗荷瘤小鼠(P_(615))时,对其非瘤器官进行了光镜和电镜观察。结果发现,荷瘤小鼠各脏器均未查到病毒颗粒或病毒性物质。各脏器的超微结构与对照组相比未见病理改变。     

活血化瘀法治疗髌骨软骨软化症的探讨

本文从髌骨软骨软化症的病因病理出发，阐述了活血化瘀疗法治疗髌骨软骨软化症的作用及其原理，列举了活血化瘀法在该病治疗中的具体运用，同时强调了在辨证施治基础上活血化瘀的重要性。     

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus infection in livers studied by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry

ＨｅｍｏｒｒｈａｇｉｃｆｅｖｅｒｗｉｔｈｒｅｎａｌｓｙｎｄｒｏｍｅｖｉｒｕｓｉｎｆｅｃｔｉｏｎｉｎｌｉｖｅｒｓｓｔｕｄｉｅｄｂｙｉｎｓｉｔｕｈｙｂｒｉｄｉｚａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｉｍｍｕｎｏｈｉｓｔｏｃｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙＹａｎｇＳｈｏｕｊｉｎｇ（杨守京）；Ｌ...     

纤维组织粘合剂的实验研究

本文应用“冷沉淀”法制备纤维组织粘合剂。对纤维组织粘合剂中主要成份和含量进行了测定,并测定了主要理化性质,建立了动物实验模型,观察了实验兔对纤维粘合剂的反应。     

Graft versus graft and graft versus host reactions after HLA-identical bone marrow transplantation in a patient with severe combined immunodeficiency with transplacentally acquired lymphoid chimerism

We describe a patient with severe combined immunodeficiency and transplacental transfer of maternal T cells who received an unfractionated HLA-identical sibling bone marrow transplant without prior conditioning. He presented prior to transplantation with a dermatitis later diagnosed as mild graft versus host disease. He had a normal absolute lymphocyte count, but proliferative responses to mitogens were very low. Antigens of the noninherited maternal HLA haplotype were detected on his blood lymphocytes. After transplantation, he developed a severe reaction including fever, cutaneous erythema and hepatosplenomegaly. Lymphocytes carrying the noninherited maternal HLA haplotype disappeared from his circulation, and his unprimed mononuclear cells became spontaneously cytotoxic to maternal lymphoblasts. He subsequently developed a lymphocytosis of 69,000/mm³, diarrhea, elevated transaminases and a worsening rash, necessitating treatment with immunosuppressive agents. Full T-cell engraftment and evidence of B-cell function later ensued and spontaneously cytotoxic lymphocytes against maternal cells disappeared by 47 days post-transplantation. We postulate that the patient's constellation of signs and symptoms after transplantation represented a combination of severe graft versus graft and mild graft versus host reactions.