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51.
目的 通过有限元分析,给出低温手术过程组织三维瞬态温度场;考察人体血液灌注和代谢产热对其影响,为优化设计冷刀提供参考。方法 充分考虑组织物性和内热源的非线性,使用基于有限容积法的大型商业有限元软件Ansys求解描述低温手术过程组织传热问题的经典生物传热方程。结果 考虑血液灌注和代谢产热后,组织局部降/复温速率降低、所经历的最低温度绝对数值减少;对应时刻,组织内局部温度梯度增加;相同手术方案下,组织内冻结区域减小,且冰球生长过程减慢。结论 人体血液灌注和代谢产热对低温手术过程影响显著,体外实验由于无法模拟血液灌注和代谢产热效果而对冷刀的优化设计作用有限,必须进行在体实验以优化冷刀及其相应的低温手术方案。 相似文献
52.
Philip F. J. Hoyng Nynke de Jong Hans Oosting Jan Stilma 《International ophthalmology》1992,16(2):65-73
Platelet aggregationin vitro, deterioration of visual field defects (VFD) and the prevalence of disc haemorrhages (DH) were assessed in 49 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and compared with the findings for 67 individuals with suspected glaucoma (GS) in a seven-year follow-up study (range 5.8 to 8.2 years). The percentage patients with spontaneous platelet aggregation (SPA) was higher for POAG patients with visual field deterioration (60%) than both POAG patients without progressive loss of visual fields (12.5%; P<0.005) and those with suspected glaucoma (22.4%; P<0.005). The occurrence of DH was higher among POAG patients with progressive loss of visual field (28%) compared to the GS group (8.4%; P<0.025) and the group of patients consisting of POAG patients without deterioration of VFD and GS (9.9%; P<0.05). DH also occurred more often in patients with low tension glaucoma (41.6%) than in the remaining POAG patients (13.5%; P<0.05). No relation between the patients with SPA and the patients with DH was observed.Abbreviations NPB
normal platelet behavior
- SPA
spontaneous platelet aggregation
- DH
disc haemorrhage 相似文献
53.
Ayman S Al Khadra Abdulaziz Al Jutaily Salem Al Shuhri 《Europace : European pacing, arrhythmias, and cardiac electrophysiology》2006,8(3):175-177
This report describes a patient with an implantable defibrillator who suffered an inappropriate defibrillation shock upon retrieving some food items from his inadequately earthed refrigerator. Noise typical of electrical interference can be observed in the stored electrogram of the episode. The patient was instructed to earth his home appliances, but he decided to avoid his refrigerator altogether, and has had no subsequent shocks. 相似文献
54.
Robert G Pinkerton James P Near Enzo A Barberi Ravi S Menon Robert Bartha 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2007,57(2):455-458
A novel torso transceive surface coil array for prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) at 4T is presented. It is shown that with the use of a conformal transceive surface coil array with 50 Omega transmitter amplifiers and receiver preamplifiers, one can perform whole-volume torso imaging while maintaining the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) inherent to surface coil designs. Recent theoretical considerations have shown that by focusing the infringing radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic field, one can achieve increased penetration and signal homogeneity compared to a conventional circularly polarized driving scheme. A variation of this driving scheme particular to the proposed coil design resulted in a twofold increase in SNR in the prostate compared to that achieved with a conventional circularly polarized driving scheme. The novel transceive surface coil array presented is capable of full-volume imaging of the human torso at 4T while maintaining signal penetration in the deep region of the prostate gland. 相似文献
55.
目的 评价低场强磁共振成像对主动脉夹层的诊断价值。方法 对16例主动脉夹层在低场强MRI自旋回波(SE)序列和梯度回波(GRE)表现进行回顾性分析总结,其中,6例经手术病理证实。结果 16例均能清晰显示病变的范围、夹层起始部位、内膜片、真假腔,6例假腔内显示血栓。结论 低场强MRI作为一种无创性检查能对主动脉夹层作出准确及时的诊断。 相似文献
56.
Viktoria Werkström Lars Ny Katarina Persson K.-E. Andersson 《Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology》1997,356(2):151-158
Neuronal regulation of smooth muscle tone in the female pig urethra has mainly been studied in vitro using electrical field
stimulation (EFS) of nerves. Excitatory control is considered to be exerted by released noradrenaline, whereas inhibitory
control is non-adrenergic non-cholinergic (NANC), and mediated by nitric oxide (NO), and an as yet unidentified agent. We
investigated the functional and morphological effects of α-latrotoxin (αLTX), a spider neurotoxin believed to cause massive
release of vesicle-stored neurotransmitters, on spontaneously developed urethral smooth muscle tone. The effects were compared
to those of EFS and high potassium. In the presence of the NO-synthesis inhibitor Nω-nitro-L-arginine (L-NOARG: 0.3 mM) both αLTX and EFS evoked contractions. After treatment with scopolamine and phentolamine,
no contraction was observed, and under these conditions αLTX and EFS induced relaxation. At low frequencies (<12 Hz), the
EFS-induced relaxations were rapid, whereas at higher frequencies (>12 Hz), they were biphasic, consisting of a rapid first
phase followed by a more long-lasting second phase. L-NOARG abolished the relaxations at low frequencies, as well as the first
phase of the biphasic relaxation. The second phase was not affected by treatment with L-NOARG, but 0.1 μM ω-conotoxin GVIA,
blocker of N-type voltage-operated calcium- channels (VOCCs), markedly reduced or abolished the response. In the presence
of L-NOARG or ω-conotoxin GVIA, the αLTX-induced relaxation was significantly decreased, and the combination of L-NOARG and
ω-conotoxin GVIA further reduced or abolished the relaxation. In preparationstreated with tetrodotoxin or scorpion venom,
believed to inactivate nerves by acting on sodium channels, αLTX and EFS had no effects. αLTX-induced relaxation was not associated
with changes in cyclic GMP or cyclic AMP content. High (80 mM) potassium solution induced a triphasic response of the preparation.
A transient relaxation was followed by a restoration of tone, and then by a persistent relaxation. The persistent relaxation
was slightly reduced by scorpion venom or L-NOARG, but reduced by 50% by a combination of L-NOARG and ω-conotoxin GVIA. Ultrastructural
analysis of the urethral circular smooth muscle layer revealed a moderate amount of nerve profiles supplying the smooth muscle.
In control preparations, the nerve profiles contained both small synaptic vesicles and large dense core vesicles. αLTX caused
a major loss of both types of vesicle. The present data suggest that αLTX has the ability to release not only adrenergic and
cholinergic transmitters, but also NANC mediators of relaxation, including NO, from nerve terminals in the urethra.
Received: 13 January 1997 / Accepted: 17 April 1997 相似文献
57.
OBJECTIVE: We investigate the synaptic factor for the recovery function of evoked responses using a repetitive stimulation technique. METHODS: Somatosensory evoked cortical magnetic field (SEF) was recorded following stimulation of the median nerve using single to 6-train stimulation in 8 healthy subjects. The SEF responses after each stimulus in the train stimulation were extracted by subtraction of the waveforms. RESULTS: An attenuation of the SEF components was recognized after the second of the stimuli, but there was no significant attenuation with the third or later stimulations. The root mean square (RMS) of the 1M (peak latency at 20 ms after stimulation) and 4M (70 ms) components were smaller than that of the single stimulation during the train stimulation, while the 2M (30 ms) and 3M (45 ms) components were not attenuated, but the 3M was facilitated at the fourth to sixth stimulation. CONCLUSION: The synaptic factor was not responsible for the attenuation of the SEF components during repetitive stimulation in healthy subjects. The SEF change disclosed a functional difference among the SEF components during the train stimulation, especially among the later components. 相似文献
58.
59.
电磁辐射对神经行为和生物电的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
随着经济的发展和信息时代的来临,各种频段的电磁波充盈整个生活空间,人们暴露于电磁辐射的机会与日俱增,电磁辐射环境污染已经成为继大气污染、水污染、噪声污染之后的新的第四大公害,给职业接触者和居民的健康带来潜在的危害。电磁辐射对人们健康和生活的影响是多方面的,该文就电磁辐射对神经行为、脑电、心电等方面的影响作一综述,以期对电磁辐射的危害作进一步的了解。 相似文献
60.
Population aging has become a world wide tendency and according to the UNproject,the proportion of population above60 years old would exceed the proportionof children below1 5years old by2 0 50 .Erectile dysfunction(ED) seriously affectsthe quality of lif… 相似文献