Semiautomatic off-resonance correction in spiral imaging.

Spiral scanning is a promising MRI method, but one limitation is that off-resonance effects can cause image blurring. Most current off-resonance correction methods for spiral imaging require an accurate field map, which is difficult to obtain in many applications. Automatic methods can perform off-resonance correction without acquiring a field map. However, these methods are computationally inefficient and relatively prone to estimation error. This study describes a new semiautomatic off-resonance correction method that combines an automatic method with a low resolution field map acquisition for off-resonance correction in spiral scanning. Experiments demonstrate that this method is more robust than conventional automatic off-resonance correction and can provide more accurate off-resonance correction than conventional field map based methods. The proposed method is also computationally efficient and has been implemented for online reconstruction.     

切割球囊联合血管内近距离放射治疗支架内再狭窄

目的　探讨切割球囊 (CBA)联合血管内近距离放射疗法 (IVBT)治疗冠状动脉支架内再狭窄 (ISR)的临床应用价值。方法　距支架植入平均 6 7个月、冠状动脉造影 (CAG)证实的ISR患者 36例 ,1组 (2 0例 )用 10mm长、直径与参考血管比为 1 1∶1的CBA ,2组 (16例 )用普通球囊(POBA) ,扩张满意后均放置 4 0mm长的放疗导管覆盖病变处并行照射 ;CAG测量最小管腔直径(MLD)、即刻所得 (AG) ;随访 4～ 8个月 ,观察终点为主要心血管事件 (MAE ,即死亡、急性心肌梗死、靶血管的血运重建 ) ,CAG复测MLD及晚期丢失 (LL)、丢失指数 (LI)、再再狭窄 (RRS)率等参数。结果　AG 1组略高于 2组 (P >0 0 5 ) ;MAE发生率 1组 (10 % )显著低于 2组 (18 8% ,P <0 0 5 ) ;LL、LI、MAE、RRS参数 1组 (0 16± 0 2 7mm ,0 0 5± 0 0 1,10 % ,15 % )明显低于 2组 (0 32±0 31mm ,0 11± 0 0 2 ,4 3 8% ,37 5 % ) ,均P <0 0 5。结论　CBA联合IVBT治疗ISR安全、可行 ,其疗效优于POBA联合IVBT。     

新生儿苯丙酮尿症筛查切值的探讨

目的探讨四川省新生儿疾病筛查中心实验室苯丙酮尿症筛查切值。方法四川省新筛中心片区市县,2009年1～12月活产婴儿,出生72h并吃足6次奶后,取其足跟血于滤纸上,采用荧光分析法测定Phe浓度。结果 2009年共测定215177例标本,其Phe浓度分布近似呈正态分布,确诊苯丙酮尿症患儿8例,高苯丙氨酸血症20例。制定出四川省新筛中心实验室荧光法测定新生儿足跟滤纸干血片Phe浓度的参考切值为1.8mg/dl。结论四川省新筛中心新制定的Phe参考切值筛查苯丙酮尿症具有可行性。     

离断肠系膜上动、静脉,全直肠肌鞘内回肠袋—肛管吻合术

目的探索外科治疗家族性结肠息肉病的新方法,评价这一新方法的治疗效果。方法收治到我院接受这一新型外科手术的6例家族性结肠息肉病患者中,有5例为男性,1例为女性;年龄为24～36岁。他们先后按照如下手术步骤接受了这种新型手术:①左侧中下腹直肌作切口入腹;②保留大网膜,切除全大肠;③在乙状结肠与直肠交界处,游离直肠肌鞘0.5cm,四周固定,旋转剥离直肠粘膜,暴露出粘膜滋养动、静脉,逐一钳扎,切断,逐渐递进,直至齿状线;④在右结肠动脉下离断肠系膜上动、静脉;⑤作回肠N形造袋;⑥在全直肠肌鞘内,作回肠袋—肛管吻合术。袋后置管引流;⑦将小肠系膜固定于右后腹,右铺小肠,将其系膜覆盖在结肠床的粗面上;⑧左下腹置血浆管,术后2d作负压吸引,配合香烟引流,消除盆腔积液;⑨关腹结束手术。结果手术效果令人满意。术后3～7d,便屁分离;7～10d,大便成形。病人食欲好。5例随访3～16年,大便每日一次,无夜便,小便正常;1例随访4月,白天2次大便,无夜便。术后6例除大、小便均正常外,植物神经功能、性功能也均正常,无感染,无息肉复发。结论离断肠系膜上动、静脉,全直肠肌鞘内回肠袋—肛管吻合术,是一种新型的家族性结肠息肉病的外科治疗手术。病人术后大、小便均正常,植物神经功能和性功能均正常,大大提高了病人的生活质量,因而解决了以前该病手术治疗后遗留的问题。     

Case report of high‐dose hydroxocobalamin in the treatment of vasoplegic syndrome during liver transplantation

A 66‐year‐old man with cryptogenic cirrhosis secondary to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis presented for orthotopic liver transplantation. Following organ reperfusion, the patient developed vasoplegic syndrome, with arterial blood pressures of approximately 60‐70/30‐40 mm Hg (mean arterial pressure [MAP] <45 mm Hg) for >90 minutes. He required high‐dose norepinephrine and vasopressin infusions, as well as i.v. bolus doses of norepinephrine and vasopressin to reach a goal MAP> 60 mm Hg. There was minimal response to a 2 mg/kg i.v. bolus of methylene blue. Following the administration of 5 g of i.v.hydroxocobalamin, the patient had a profound improvement in arterial blood pressure, with subsequent discontinuation of the vasopressin infusion and rapid reduction of norepinephrine infusion from 20 to 2 μg/min. While there have been several reports of the efficacy of hydroxocobalamin for vasoplegia after cardiopulmonary bypass, there have been only limited cases of hydroxocobalamin used in liver transplantation, and none with high‐dose administration. We present a case of vasoplegic syndrome during liver transplantation that was refractory to high‐dose vasopressors and methylene blue but responsive to high‐dose i.v. hydroxocobalamin.     

我国2015年新生儿遗传代谢病筛查指标切值的调查

摘要：目的: 调查我国新生儿遗传代谢病筛查检验指标的切值情况,为新生儿遗传代谢病筛查工作提供建议。 方法：调取国家卫生计生委临床检验中心2015年全国新生儿遗传代谢病筛查指标苯丙氨酸（Phe）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）、葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）和17-羟孕酮（17-OHP）室间质量评价回报结果中切值相关信息,包括实验室编码、单位名称、所在地区、指标切值、切值来源、方法学原理、仪器、试剂和校准品。分析不同地区、方法学原理和切值来源对4个指标切值大小的影响。 结果：220家实验室中,切值来源中所占比例最高的3项依次为：试剂厂家说明书（48.2%~69.8%）、实验室自行确定（27.7%~35.2%）和新生儿疾病筛查技术规范（0.0%~20.0%）。参加研究的机构数量最多的3个省份分别为广东（25家）、山东（17家）和江苏（16家）。对切值情况调查显示：Phe切值分布在1.60~5.00 mg/dL;TSH切值分布在4.82~18.00 mIU/L;G6PD切值在2.00~10.00 U/gHb;17-OHP切值在23.20~60.00 nmol/L范围内。对于Phe指标,各来源组和方法组切值差异均有统计学意义（P均＜0.05）;对于TSH指标,各来源组间切值差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,但方法组间差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;对于G6PD和17-OHP指标,不同来源和方法组的切值差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）。 结论：各个检验指标切值较为一致,有个别实验室切值差异较大,建议各实验室对现有不同方法的切值进行评审。     

14例冠心病切割球囊腔内成形术的体会

目的:切割球囊冠状动脉腔内成形术的疗效评价.方法:对14例冠心痛患者17处病变行切割球囊扩张治疗,分析并短期随诊.结果:17处病变血管直接切割球囊治疗.由于全部病变为A型,成功率100%,7例支架内再狭窄全部扩张成功.17处病变血管切割球囊扩张后置入支架8例,无心包填塞,急性闭塞,急性心肌梗死及急诊冠脉旁路术发生,随访2～23个月,2例患者出现心绞痛,4例复查造影,1例发生再狭窄.结论:切割球囊冠脉腔内成行术安全、有效、短期疗效好.     

Estimated number of off‐target candidate sites for antisense oligonucleotides in human mRNA sequences

Antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapeutics are single‐stranded oligonucleotides which bind to RNA through sequence‐specific Watson–Crick base pairings. A unique mechanism of toxicity for ASOs is hybridization‐dependent off‐target effects that can potentially occur due to the binding of ASOs to complementary regions of unintended RNAs. To reduce the off‐target effects of ASOs, it would be useful to know the approximate number of complementary regions of ASOs, or off‐target candidate sites of ASOs, of a given oligonucleotide length and complementarity with their target RNAs. However, the theoretical number of complementary regions with mismatches has not been reported to date. In this study, we estimated the general number of complementary regions of ASOs with mismatches in human mRNA sequences by mathematical calculation and in silico analysis using several thousand hypothetical ASOs. By comparing the theoretical number of complementary regions estimated by mathematical calculation to the actual number obtained by in silico analysis, we found that the number of complementary regions of ASOs could be broadly estimated by the theoretical number calculated mathematically. Our analysis showed that the number of complementary regions increases dramatically as the number of tolerated mismatches increases, highlighting the need for expression analysis of such genes to assess the safety of ASOs.