实施现代结核病控制策略对传染性肺结核患者发现与治疗效果的影响

目的：分析实施DOTS策略对传染性肺结核病例发现与治疗效果的影响。方法：通过对1995—2000年分批实施的卫生部加强与促进结核病控制项目、WHO西太区结核病控制项目及福建省结核病控制项目资料进行分析。结果涂阳病例新登记率由1995年的6．3／10万提高到2000年的19．0／10万，涂片阳性占活动性病例比例由21．5％提高到37．4％，新发涂阳病例治愈率由80．7％提高到89．2％，病例丢失率由7．3％下降到2．7％，治疗失败率由6．9％下降到1．4％。流动人口传染性肺结核病例治愈率仅59．7％。结论：实施DOTS策略，重视流动人口结核病治疗管理，提高涂阳病例发现率、治愈率，减少病例丢失和治疗失败，有效控制结核病。     

生活习惯与缺血性脑卒中的关系

探讨生活习惯因素与缺血性脑卒中发生之间的病因学联系。方法采用１∶１配比病例对照研究方法和多元条件Ｌｏ－ｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析技术，对１０５例缺血性脑卒中病例与其对照进行了流行病学研究。结果单因素Ｌｏｓｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析表明：被动吸烟、饮酒史、饮酒年限、食肥肉、鼾症与缺血性脑卒中有显著相关性（Ｐ＜０．０５）；多因素Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析显示：饮茶、适量饮酒和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的ＯＲ值分别为０．０３、０．２６和０．４７，而脂蛋白（α）、总胆固醇、高血压的ＯＲ值分别为１．９４、１．４２和１．１４。结论饮茶、适量饮酒和高蜜度脂蛋白胆固醇是缺血性脑卒中较强的保护因素，而高血压、总胆固醇、脂蛋白（α）是缺血性脑卒中的危险因素。     

基底节梗塞对记忆的影响：记忆量表测试

采用中国科学院心理研究所等编制的《临床记忆量表》之乙套测验,对30例基底神经节梗塞患者与30例健康人进行了对照测试。结果:(1)与对照组比较,基底节梗塞可引起较明显的记忆障碍(P<0.001);(2)左侧梗塞与右侧梗塞记忆障碍呈均势现象;(3)单侧梗塞与双侧梗塞记忆障碍无显著差异。作者等认为,基底节梗塞对短时记忆有明显影响,左、右基底节在记忆活动中具有同等重要作用。     

高血压危险因素的研究

本文采用病例对照分析方法，对１５３例确诊高血压病例和８３５例对照的有关因素进行了研究。结果显示，缺乏体力活动、父母脑卒中史和高血压史、高体积指数、腰臀围比值大和血清甘油三酯高有增加发病的作用，而受教育水平高呈保护作用。未发现吸烟、饮酒及紧张行为类型与高血压的确切联系。     

Microbial identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing, an aid for patients refractory to periodontal therapy

Abstract The importance of microbial surveillance is illustrated in 3 clinical cases. Each case demonstrated a continued lack of response to conventional periodontal treatment. Repeated bouts of periodontal abscess formation and bone Joss occurred over a 3- to 4- year period, despite numerous surgeries supplemented with antibiotics. As a result, patients were termed refractory to treatment and extensive microbiological analysis and sensitivity testing was performed. Following institution of the appropriate antibiotic and conservative therapy consisting of several sessions of scaling and root planing, each of these cases demonstrated a dramatic remission of disease progression. No further breakdown has been seen for a minimum of 21/2, years. While anecdotal in nature, these cases support the usefulness of microbial identification coupled with antibiotic sensitivity as an adjunct to conventional conservative periodontal therapy.     

Safety of fluoxetine: Comparison with fluvoxamine

This review examines data on the safety of two 5-HT reuptake inhibitors, fluoxetine and fluvoxamine. A comparison of the spontaneous reports of suspected adverse reactions to each drug sent to the UK Committee on Safety of Medicines has been made. This does not reveal important differences in their safety profile.     

Gap junction coding genes and schizophrenia: a genetic association study

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of genes that encode gap junction forming proteins and schizophrenia. Representative genetic candidates (Panx2 and Cx36) from two families of gap junction genes were selected for analysis. According to the present findings these genes represent both functional and positional candidates for schizophrenia. The sample was comprised of 381 schizophrenic patients, and the same number of matched controls was tested in this study in order to evaluate the possible influence of the aforementioned genes on the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Four SNPs in the case of Panx2 and two SNPs in the case of Cx36 were selected for analysis. Allele-, genotype- and haplotype-wise association did not yield statistically significant results. These data do not suggest that Panx2 or Cx36 could increase the risk of schizophrenia in the Japanese population.     

Comparison of adolescents with and without diabetes on indices of psychosocial functioning for three years

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether diabetes is associated with psychosocial difficulties over the transition to adolescence. METHODS: We compared adolescents with diabetes (n = 132) with a healthy comparison group (n = 131) on indices of psychosocial functioning for 3 years. We interviewed both groups annually and had one parent complete a questionnaire. RESULTS: There were no group differences in depressive symptoms, anxiety, anger, or behavioral problems. However, adolescents with diabetes showed greater declines in social acceptance compared with healthy adolescents, and a greater rise in disturbed eating behavior. Over time, depressive symptoms and anxiety increased and self-worth decreased for females but not males; however, these differences were not qualified by group CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes is not associated with indicators of psychological distress from early to middle adolescence, but may be associated with the emergence of social difficulties and eating disturbances. Gender differences in psychological distress emerged, replicating past research.     

Long-term complete response in metastatic poorly-differentiated neuroendocrine rectal carcinoma with a multimodal approach: A case report

BACKGROUNDNeuroendocrine gastrointestinal tumors (NETs) are rare and have different natural behaviors. Surgery is the gold standard treatment for local disease while radiotherapy has been demonstrated to be ineffective. Poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) represent only 5%-10% of digestive NETS. Due to aggressive growth and rapid metastatic diffusion, early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach are mandatory. The role of surgery and radiotherapy in this setting is still debated, and chemotherapy remains the treatment of choice.CASE SUMMARYA 42-year-old male with an ulcerated bleeding rectal lesion was diagnosed with a NEC G3 (Ki67 index > 90%) on May 2015 and initially treated with 3 cycles of first-line chemotherapy, but showed early local progressive disease at 3 mo and underwent sphincter-sparing open anterior low rectal resection. In September 2015, the first post-surgery total-body computed tomography (CT) scan showed an early pelvic disease relapse. Therefore, systemic chemotherapy with FOLFIRI was started and the patient obtained only a partial response. This was followed by pelvic radiotherapy (50 Gy). On April 2016, a CT scan and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography imaging showed a complete response (CR) of the pelvic lesion, but pathological abdominal inter-aortocaval lymph nodes were observed. Due to disease progression of abdominal malignant nodes, the patient received radiotherapy at 45 Gy, and finally obtained a CR. As of January 2021, the patient has no symptoms of relapse and no late toxicity after chemotherapy or radiotherapy.CONCLUSIONThis case demonstrates how a multimodal approach can be successful in obtaining long-term CR in metastatic sites in patients with high grade digestive NECs.