Change of Blood Pressure Over Five Years in Childhood and Adolescence

We compared blood pressure (BP) values, measured at a five year interval, in 2 777 boys and girls aged 4-18 years. BP values were converted into height and sex adjusted standard deviation unit scores. Correlation coefficients were significant but low for systolic BP score: 0.19 in boys and 0.15 in girls, and were even lower for diastolic BP score. These correlations are weaker than those observed for overall BP values (boys: 0.33, girls: 0.23), weight (0.82, 0.75) and height (0.87, 0.80). The probability of remaining in a high percentile (> 95th) is low since only 14p. cent of boys and 8p. cent of girls whose first systolic BP value was greater than the 95^th percentile were still in this range five years later. Probability was still weaker for diastolic BP. BP tracking exists but would appear to be weak to permit early detection of future hypertensives, and does not justify preventive measures other than advice on diet and way of life.     

How a Child's Blood Pressure is Related to Psychological Influences Some Results with R. Zazzo's Bestiary Test

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationships between some psychological characteristics and blood pressure. We used the Bestiary Test which gives an impression of the child's psychological characteristics and his way of coping with personal conflicts. The test was applied to 766 children between the ages of 4-10 years. By discriminant analysis we established relations between systolic blood pressure, and the responses to the test. By correspondence analysis we found that hypertensive children have a tendency to perceive human relationships, especially those between males and females, as aggressive.     

新药Ⅰ期临床试验中血标本采集的护理管理

目的探讨新药Ⅰ期临床研究中血标本采集的护理管理。方法对2009-2011年6个新药Ⅰ期临床试验项目的 8 956个血标本的采集进行全程管理。结果 8 956个血标本采集时间均控制在±1 min,无一个血标本出现溶血或凝血,血标本合格率在100%。结论加强护理人力资源、血标本采集的流程及消毒隔离工作与受试者的安全等各方面管理,能够保证血标本采集的质量及能为试验结果的分析或评价提供准确、客观的依据。     

Evaluation of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention Program to Decrease Blood Pressure in Low-Income African-American Older Adults

Hypertension affects a large proportion of urban African-American older adults. While there have been great strides in drug development, many older adults do not have access to such medicines or do not take them. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has been shown to decrease blood pressure in some populations. This has not been tested in low-income, urban African-American older adults. Therefore, the primary purpose of this pilot study was to test the feasibility and acceptability of a mindfulness-based program for low income, minority older adults provided in residence. The secondary purpose was to learn if the mindfulness-based program produced differences in blood pressure between the intervention and control groups. Participants were at least 62 years old and residents of a low-income senior residence. All participants were African-American, and one was male. Twenty participants were randomized to the mindfulness-based intervention or a social support control group of the same duration and dose. Blood pressure was measured with the Omron automatic blood pressure machine at baseline and at the end of the 8-week intervention. A multivariate regression analysis was performed on the difference in scores between baseline and post-intervention blood pressure measurements, controlling for age, education, smoking status, and anti-hypertensive medication use. Effect sizes were calculated to quantify the magnitude of the relationship between participation in the mindfulness-based intervention and the outcome variable, blood pressure. Attendance remained >80% in all 8 weeks of both the intervention and the control groups. The average systolic blood pressure decreased for both groups post-intervention. Individuals in the intervention group exhibited a 21.92-mmHg lower systolic blood pressure compared to the social support control group post-intervention and this value was statistically significant (p = 0.020). The average diastolic blood pressure decreased in the intervention group post-intervention, but increased in the social support group. Individuals in the intervention group exhibited a 16.70-mmHg lower diastolic blood pressure compared to the social support group post-intervention, and this value was statistically significant (p = 0.003). Older adults are at a time in life when a reflective, stationary intervention, delivered in residence, could be an appealing mechanism to improve blood pressure. Given our preliminary results, larger trials in this hypertensive study population are warranted.     

广西省二级、三级医院输血科(血库)硬件设施调查研究

目的了解广西省医疗机构输血科(血库)硬件设施情况,为安全有效输血提供保障。方法采用分层按比例随机抽取广西省二级、三级医院109家,调查其输血科(血库)业务用房、基本器材等情况。结果广西省医疗机构输血科(血库)业务用房面积偏低,中位数面积三甲医院为60.5m2,三乙医院为48.5m2,二甲医院为35.8m2,二乙医院为25.6m2。主要专业设备不足、老化,不适应现代输血技术的需要。结论广西部分医院输血科(血库)硬件设施不足,应加大投入,以适应现代输血技术的需要。     

肇庆市2008-2011年无偿献血情况分析

目的：分析肇庆市近4 年的无偿献血情况,为本站进一步做好采供血工作,保障临床用血需要提供科学依据.方法：收集肇庆市2008-2011 年的血液采集量和不同性别、年龄无偿献血者的献血情况等资料,对相关数据进行统计、分析.结果：AB 型采血量最少,O 型采血量最多,A 型与B 型采血量大致相等,AB：A：B：O 比例约为1：5：5：8 ;按性别统计,男性献血者（68.5%） 明显多于女性献血者（31.5%）,男女比例为2：1 ;按年龄统计,随着年龄的增长,参与献血的人数呈减少趋势,18-25 岁的献血者比例最多（ 占39.4%）,46-55 岁的献血者最少（ 占6.8%） ;2009 年-2011 年一次献血300 ml 和400 ml 的献血者人数与2008 年比较均明显增加.结论：针对不同人群采取不同策略,加强无偿献血知识的宣传,做好无偿献血者的动员、招募工作,按需采集血液,合理储存血液,临床用血量的需要会得到进一步的保障.     

Leukocyte Interferon-alpha in the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C in Finland

Background: Food intake, accompanied by systemic and splanchnic haemodynamic changes, has only been studied in males. The extent to which splanchnic postprandial hyperaemia shows gender differences is unknown. Methods: We tested 1) the splanchnic hyperaemic response to food in females and 2) whether postprandial haemodynamic changes show gender differences. Twenty-four healthy women (aged 20-35 years) and 20 healthy men (aged 21-34 years) participated in the study. A liquid test meal (Ensure plus, 1.5 kcal/ml) was perfused intraduodenally for 75 min through an enteral feeding tube at a rate of 3 ml/min after a 45-min basal period. Blood flow parameters were measured using Echo-Doppler technology. Results: Basal diastolic arterial blood pressure was significantly (P     

Argininic acid alters markers of cellular oxidative damage in vitro: Protective role of antioxidants

We, herein, investigated the in vitro effects of argininic acid on thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS), total sulfhydryl content and on the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the blood, kidney and liver of 60-day-old rats. We also verified the influence of the antioxidants (each at 1.0 mM) trolox and ascorbic acid, as well as of N^G-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) at 1.0 mM, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, on the effects elicited by argininic acid on the parameters tested. The liver, renal cortex and renal medulla were homogenized in 10 vol (1:10w/v) of 20 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, containing 140 mM KCl; and erythrocytes and plasma were prepared from whole blood samples obtained from rats. For in vitro experiments, the samples were pre-incubated for 1 h at 37 °C in the presence of argininic acid at final concentrations of 0.1, 1.0 and 5.0 μM. Control experiments were performed without the addition of argininic acid. Results showed that argininic acid (5.0 μM) enhanced CAT and SOD activities and decreased GSH-Px activity in the erythrocytes, increased CAT and decreased GSH-Px activities in the renal cortex and decreased CAT and SOD activities in the renal medulla of 60-day-old rats, as compared to the control group. Antioxidants and/or L-NAME prevented most of the alterations caused by argininic acid on the oxidative stress parameters evaluated. Data suggest that argininic acid alters antioxidant defenses in the blood and kidney of rats; however, in the presence of antioxidants and L-NAME, most of these alterations in oxidative stress were prevented. These findings suggest that oxidative stress may be make an important contribution to the damage caused by argininic acid in hyperargininemic patients and that treatment with antioxidants may be beneficial in this pathology.