腹膜透析液外包装袋的巧用

腹膜透析简称为腹透，是治疗尿毒症患者的方法之一。腹膜透析导管是腹膜透析液进出腹腔的通路，是腹透患者的“生命线”。换液过程中腹膜透析液的Y型接头与外接短管相连中间部分会暴露在空气中，这就增加了管路之间无菌部分的污染机率。我科应用腹膜透析液外包装袋的内面包裹腹膜透析液与外接短管相连部分的无菌区域，减少无菌管路的暴露，降低了污染的机会。     

Therapeutic Benefit of Bortezomib on Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease Is Tissue Specific and Is Associated with Interleukin-6 Levels

Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor capable of direct antitumor effects, has been shown to prevent acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) when administered in a short course immediately after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in mice. However, when bortezomib is given continuously, CD4⁺ T cell–mediated gastrointestinal tract damage increases GVHD mortality. To investigate the protective effects of bortezomib on other organs, we used a CD8-dependent acute GVHD (aGVHD) model of C3H.SW donor T cells engrafted into irradiated C57BL/6 recipients (minor MHC mismatch), which lack significant gut GVHD. Our data in this model show that bortezomib can be given continuously to prevent and treat aGVHD mediated by CD8⁺ T cells, but this effect is organ specific, such that only skin, and not liver, protection was observed. Despite the lack of hepatic protection, bortezomib still significantly improved survival, primarily because of its skin protection. Reduced skin GVHD by bortezomib was correlated with reduced serum and skin IL-6 levels. Administration of a blocking IL-6 antibody in this model also resulted in similar cutaneous GVHD protection. These results indicate that bortezomib or blockade of IL-6 may prevent CD8⁺ T cell–mediated cutaneous acute GVHD.     

子宫内膜异位症患者血清骨桥蛋白抗体及转铁蛋白抗体水平分析

目的:探讨血清中骨桥蛋白抗体和转铁蛋白抗体与子宫内膜异位症的关系。方法:用酶联免疫吸附试验方法检测108例子宫内膜异位症患者及88例健康妇女血清中骨桥蛋白抗体及转铁蛋白抗体水平。结果:子宫内膜异位症患者血清中骨桥蛋白抗体OD值为0.84±0.25,对照组为0.63±0.20;转铁蛋白抗体OD值为1.06±0.31,对照组为0.75±0.27,子宫内膜异位症组均明显高于对照组(均P<0.05)。子宫内膜异位症Ⅰ、Ⅱ期患者血清骨桥蛋白抗体OD值(1.04±0.30)明显高于Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者(0.68±0.20)及对照组妇女(0.63±0.20)(均P<0.05)。子宫内膜异位症组转铁蛋白抗体阳性率为25.0%(27/108),骨桥蛋白抗体阳性率为20.3%(22/108),两者均阳性占13.9%(15/108),与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析发现子宫内膜异位症患者血清中转铁蛋白抗体水平与骨桥蛋白抗体水平呈正相关(r=0.875,P<0.05)。结论:抗骨桥蛋白抗体可能与子宫内膜异位症的发展有关。     

Adaptation of the health literacy universal precautions toolkit for rheumatology and cardiology – Applications for pharmacy professionals to improve self-management and outcomes in patients with chronic disease

Over a decade of research in health literacy has provided evidence of strong links between literacy skills of patients and health outcomes. At the same time, numerous studies have yielded insight into efficacious action that health providers can take to mitigate the negative effects of limited literacy. This small study focuses on the adaptation, review and use of two new health literacy toolkits for health professionals who work with patients with two of the most prevalent chronic conditions, arthritis and cardiovascular disease. Pharmacists have a key role in communicating with patients and caregivers about various aspects of disease self-management, which frequently includes appropriate use of medications. Participating pharmacists and staff offered suggestions that helped shape revisions and reported positive experiences with brown bag events, suggestions for approaches with patients managing chronic diseases, and with concrete examples related to several medicines [such as Warfarin^©] as well as to common problems [such as inability to afford needed medicine]. Although not yet tested in community pharmacy sites, these publically available toolkits can inform professionals and staff and offer insights for communication improvement.     

固定式眼科冰袋套的制作与应用

冰袋冷敷常规使用于眼科上睑下垂病人行额肌瓣悬吊术或眼险重建术后。一般手术后应持续使用48h,能有效预防术后上眼睑的水肿。目前使用的化学冰袋体积大,份量重,无法固定,特别是对于年龄较小且配合不佳的患儿,无法达到冷敷满意的效果。为此,我们研制了一款固定式眼科小冰袋,在临床上通过对30例患者的使用（其中成年人20例,儿童10例）,效果满意,现报告如下。     

黄芪注射液辅助抗结核药治疗复治肺结核疗效观察

摘 要 目的:探讨黄芪注射液辅助抗结核药治疗复治肺结核的疗效及不良反应。方法：复治120例肺结核患者随机分为观察组与对照组各60例。对照组单纯予抗结核药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用黄芪注射液辅助治疗。观察治疗后两组患者痰菌转阴、肺部病灶吸收、空洞闭合及不良反应发生情况等。结果：治疗后,观察组的痰菌转阴率均明显高于对照组,总吸收率也明显高于对照组（P<0.05）。两组X线胸片空洞病变情况比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。观察组药品不良反应发生率明显低于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：黄芪注射液辅助抗结核药治疗肺结核疗效显著,能明显提高痰菌转阴率、总吸收率,显著改善X线胸片空洞情况,降低药品不良反应,值得临床上进一步推广应用。     

用于抗肿瘤的ATP竞争性纺锤体驱动蛋白抑制药的研究进展

纺锤体驱动蛋白(kinesin spindle protein,KSP)抑制药是抗肿瘤药物研究的一个重要方向,已有数个KSP抑制药进入临床研究。ATP竞争性KSP抑制药的发现,为克服因为结合位点突变而引起的对ATP非竞争性KSP抑制药耐药提供了新的研究思路。本文综述了近年来报道的ATP竞争性KSP抑制药,为进一步的研究提供了参考。     

新型抗EV71病毒3C蛋白酶抑制药的设计、合成及其活性

摘 要 目的： 寻找抗EV71病毒新化合物。方法: 采用分子模拟技术,以EV71病毒3C蛋白酶活性口袋为靶,设计二肽、三肽,四肽,五肽和六肽等多个系列寡肽化合物,合成对接评分较高的寡肽化合物并进行抗EV71病毒活性筛选。结果: 五肽对接评分高于其他系列寡肽,显示五肽化合物与EV71 病毒3C蛋白酶有更强的键合力。研究中合成了两个评分较高的五肽化合物25和化合物16,体外抗EV71病毒活性实验显示化合物25活性较强（EC₅₀=1.36 μmol·L^-1,CC₅₀=211.94 μmol·L^-1, SI=155.84）,而化合物16则无明显活性。结论:五肽化合物25可作为抗EV71病毒新骨架开展进一步研究。