5－Fu佐剂包裹物的抗肿瘤作用的实验研究

本文作了福氏完全佐剂（Ｆｒｅｕｎｄ’ｓｃｏｍｐｌｅｔｅａｄｊｕｖａｎｔ,ＦＣＡ）包裹５－Ｆｕ的抗肿瘤作用的实验研究。在对小鼠Ｓ１８０肿瘤（腹水型）,ＥＡＣ肿瘤（腹水型）及Ｈ２２肝癌（腹水型）荷瘤鼠的治疗实验中,一次性腹腔注射２ｍｇ～６ｍｇ的５－Ｆｕ（相当于７０公斤人给予７７８～２３３４ｍｇ的剂量）均不能显著延长荷瘤鼠的存活期,盐水ＦＣＡ亦无治疗作用,而５－ＦｕＦＣＡ却显示出显著的治疗效果。４次实验,５－ＦＵ－ＦＣＡ治疗组荷瘤鼠平均存活期３０．６天～４８．３天,均显著长于同次实验的各对照组,且每次实验都有２／８至３／８的荷瘤鼠可完全治愈。     

Adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for primary colorectal cancer

The management of rectal cancer presents substantial challenges. Patients with T3 and/or node-positive rectal cancers are at high risk for local failure and distant metastases (DM). Adjuvant radiation has been shown to decrease local recurrence (LR) rates; however, this local therapy has not been demonstrated to improve survival when compared to surgery alone. In several prospective randomized trials adjuvant chemoradiation with 5-fluorouracil-(5-FU)-based chemotherapy improved LR rates, DM rates, and overall survival (OS). The optimal chemotherapeutic regimen has not been determined; however, studies comparing standard IV bolus 5-FU administration with continuous infusion (CI) 5-FU demonstrated that CI administration was superior. Preoperative therapy has potential advantages over adjuvant therapy such as less acute bowel toxicity and improved sphincter preservation. Preoperative chemoradiation has been shown in several studies to improve LR rates and OS when compared to surgery alone. Our current approach to patients with resectable T3 or N1 cancer in the distal two-thirds of the rectum on preoperative staging is preoperative chemoradiation with planned postoperative chemotherapy. This regimen offers the best chance for local control and disease-free survival while potentially downstaging the tumor and improving sphincter preservation.     

术前介入治疗II期宫颈癌的临床分析

目的 :探讨术前介入化疗的方法对 期宫颈癌患者的临床疗效观察。方法 :对 3 6例 期宫颈癌患者术前进行介入化疗 ,化疗后 14 d行宫颈癌根治术 ;另 18例 期宫颈癌患者单纯行宫颈癌根治术 ,术后分别进行疗效的观察和评定。结果 :术前介入化疗组的症状减轻率为 10 0 .0 % ,近期有效率为 10 0 .0 % ,5年生存率为 82 .6% ;单纯手术治疗组的症状减轻率为 67.8% ,近期有效率为 72 .0 % ,5年生存率为 42 .7% ,明显低于术前介入化疗组 (P<0 .0 5)。结论 :对于 期宫颈癌患者 ,采用术前介入化疗的方法可明显改善症状 ,提高近期有效率和生存期限     

LPSp作为乙型肝炎表面抗原佐剂的初步研究

目的研究革兰阴性非致病菌成团泛菌脂多糖 (Pantoeaagglomeranslipopolysaccharide,LPSp)作为佐剂对重组乙型肝炎表面抗原 (HBsAg)诱导小鼠产生抗 -HBs抗体的影响。方法采用纯系 (Balb/c)小鼠作为免疫对象 ,经背部皮下免疫2次 ,ELISA法检测血清乙型肝炎表面抗体(抗 -HBs)滴度。结果HBsAg加LPSp组 ,其抗 -HBs总抗体滴度较单独注射HBsAg明显增高 (P<0.05) ;抗体持续时间可更长。结论LPSp对小鼠抗 -HBs抗体的产生具有增强作用 ,提示LPSp是一种很有潜力的HBsAg佐剂     

茵栀黄注射液治疗新生儿高未结合胆红素血症的150例

目的 :及早有效纠正新生儿高未结合胆红素血症 ,以预防胆红素脑损伤。方法 :在常规治疗的同时 ,加用茵栀黄注射液静脉滴注。结果 :治疗组胆红素日均下降值为 (50 17±25 26) μmol/L ,明显高于对照组的 (37 95±21 58) μmol/L。结论 :茵栀黄注射液治疗新生儿高未结合胆红素血症 ,可迅速降低血胆红素水平 ,明显缩短治疗时间。     

大功率微波热疗联合化疗治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的临床研究

目的:观察大功率微波热疗联合化疗治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的近期疗效及副作用。方法:将53例晚期恶性肿瘤患者随机分为两组:一组接受传统的化疗,另一组接受化疗+热疗。热疗时肛温39.5~42.0℃,维持60m in,1次/周,4次为1个疗程。结果:热化疗组有效率(CR+PR)50.0%(13/26),化疗组有效率(CR+PR)22.2%(6/27),两者有显著性差异。KPS评分的提高两组间也有显著性差异。两组不良反应相似,主要为化疗所致的骨髓抑制和胃肠道反应,热化疗组未出现任何严重的热疗副作用。结论:热疗联合化疗能提高晚期恶性肿瘤的治疗有效率,改善生活质量,且不良反应轻,耐受性良好。     

雷公藤不同药用部位及不同提取工艺对大鼠完全佐剂性关节炎的作用

目的观察雷公藤不同药用部位及不同提取工艺对大鼠完全佐剂性关节炎的作用。方法雷公藤根或茎的水或乙醇提取物入药制备成涂膜剂,采用大鼠完全佐剂性关节炎模型,观察不同药物组对原发性肿胀和继发性肿胀的影响。结果雷公藤根和茎水提取工艺制备的涂膜剂对原发性肿胀有明显抑制作用,作用与扶它林乳霜相当,表明水提取工艺较醇提取工艺较好。雷公藤根比雷公藤茎制成的涂膜剂药效较好,但无统计学意义。     

中华鼢鼠骨提取物对淋巴细胞转移因子和白细胞介素-1的影响

目的观察中华鼢鼠骨提取物对完全弗氏佐剂(FCA)介导大鼠超敏反应性炎症免疫机能的影响.方法采用免疫学实验方法,检测受试动物淋巴细胞转移因子(TF)和白细胞介素-(IL-1)的水平.结果中华鼢鼠骨提取物能降低由FCA介导的大鼠超敏反应性炎症时所升高的IL-1和TF的水平,并能降低其淋巴细胞转化率.结论中华鼢鼠骨提取物对由FCA所介导的大鼠佐剂性关节炎的抑制作用,与抑制IL-1的生成以及免疫抑制作用有关.     

Prospective cost-effectiveness analysis of genomic profiling in breast cancer

BackgroundThe cost-effectiveness of the 70-gene signature (70-GS) (MammaPrint®) has earlier been estimated using retrospective validation data. Based on the prospective 5-year survival data of the microarRAy-prognoSTics-in-breast-cancER (RASTER) study, the aim here was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness reflecting the actual use in clinical practice, including reality-based compliance rates.MethodsCosts and outcomes (quality-adjusted-life-years (QALYs)) were calculated in node-negative (N?) patients included in the RASTER study (n = 427). Sensitivity and specificity of the 70-gene and Adjuvant! Online (AO) were based on 5-year distant-disease-free survival (DDFS). Subgroup analyses were performed for two groups for whom benefit of the 70-gene had earlier been reported: (1) ductal, oestrogen receptor-positive (ER+), tumour diameter 10–30 mm, grade II, age 40–70; (2) ductal, oestrogen receptor-positive, tumour diameter 5–30 mm, grade II/III and age 40–70.ResultsBased on 5-year survival data, the cost-effectiveness of the 70-gene signature versus AO was prospectively confirmed. The total health care costs per patient were €26,786 for the 70-gene and €29,187 for AO. The quality adjusted life years yielded 12.49 and 11.88, respectively. The subgroups retrieved slightly higher life gains and higher costs, but all resulted finally in a favourable position for the 70-gene signature.ConclusionsThe use of the 70-gene signature, as judged appropriate by doctors and patients and supported by a low risk 70-gene signature as an oncological safe choice, was also found to be cost-effective.