有机-无机复合型聚合物电解质的研究进展

聚合物电解质是现在锂离子电池研究领域的热点，有机－无机复合型聚合物电解质（CSPE）是现在聚合物电解质的研究主流。在聚合物电解质中添加无机添末，特别是纳米材料，大大改善了聚合物电解质的机械性能、离子导电性能以及界面稳定性能。对CSPE性能进行了评价，对在CSPE中添加无机粉末性能改善机理作了概括和探讨，并对CSPE的前景作了展望。     

尼莫地平复方丹参注射液治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病疗效观察

目的观察尼莫地平联合复方丹参注射液治疗新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病(HIE)的疗效.方法 128例HIE患儿随机分为复方丹参注射液组32例,尼莫地平组,尼莫地平加复方丹参注射液,与对照组.结果复方丹参注射液组、尼莫地平组、尼莫地平加复方丹参注射液治疗组总有效率分别为81.3%(26/32)、80.0%(24/30)、97.1%(34/35),对照组总有效率为51.6%(16/31),P＜0.05.结论尼莫地平与复方丹参注射液在治疗HIE时有协同作用,疗效显著,未见副作用发生.     

Occupational allergic contact dermatitis and composition of acrylates in dentin bonding systems

Background Dentin-bonding systems contain sensitizing acrylates. They are increasingly used in dentistry, but only few cases of allergy have been encountered. Objective This study reports observations on eleven patients sensitized by acrylates in dentin-bonding compounds. Furthermore, the composition of dentin-bonding products was analysed and compared with the information given in the material safety data sheets. Methods Patch testing was performed to reveal allergic contact dermatitis, and chamber provocation tests to reveal possible respiratory sensitivity. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was used to analyse the chemical composition of the bonding products. Results The most common sensitizer in our material of eleven patients was 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (2-HEMA). Another putative sensitizer, BIS-GMA, used in dentin adhesives, did not cause sensitization. The typical allergic dermatitis localized to the fingertips (pulpitis). Seven of the eleven patients also developed paresthesia of the fingertips. One patient with positive patch test reactions to (meth)acrylates had pharyngitis hut no skin symptoms. One patient was sensitized because she had been patch tested with too high a concentration (undiluted) of dentin-bonding components. Material safety sheets gave inaccurate or wrong information about the contents. Conclusion Dentin-bonding acrylates are strong sensitizers, and even a single exposure may sensitize.     

复合树脂预热的研究现状和临床应用

复合树脂作为临床常用牙科充填材料存在耐磨性差、聚合收缩大和牙本质边缘适应性不佳等问题。近年有研究发现预热可以改善复合树脂的性能,本文就预热复合树脂对其单体转化率、边缘微渗漏、机械性能以及牙髓的影响等方面进行探讨,以供临床参考。     

猪脱细胞真皮与自体刃厚皮复合移植的临床应用

目的观察深度烧伤和瘢痕切除创面进行猪脱细胞真皮与自体刃厚皮一步法与两步法复合移植的临床效果。方法2000年4月~2002年12月间用猪脱细胞真皮与自体刃厚皮复合移植修复深度烧伤创面或瘢痕切除创面16例,对一步移植法和两步移植法进行比较。结果一步移植法中,4例植皮完全成活,3例植皮95%以上成活,1例植皮80%成活;两步移植法中,5例植皮完全成活,3例植皮95%以上成活。均无1例补植皮。随访6个月~2年,一步和两步移植法中的复合移植皮肤外观、质地基本接近正常皮肤,瘢痕增生不明显。结论猪脱细胞真皮与自体刃厚皮复合移植是深度烧伤创面、瘢痕切除创面的良好修复材料,一步移植法可行、简便、实用。     

Damage mechanics and load failure of fiber-reinforced composite fixed partial dentures

OBJECTIVES: Damage mechanics has been defined as the study of the initiation (initial failure) and accumulation of damage to and including rupture (final failure). This study was designed to evaluate the effect of increasing fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) substructure within a standardized fixed partial denture (FPD) model on the failure performance, in terms of damage mechanics. METHODS: The two FRC restorative systems, Targis/Vectris (TV) (Ivoclar Vivadent) and EverStick (ES) (Stick Tech with Gradia, GC Corp.), were used to restore the molar FPD model (1.5 mm axial and 2.0 mm occlusal reduction). Templates were used to standardize substructure designs with 0, 18, 43, and 66% cross-sectional FRC volume fraction (V(FRC)) of fiber substructure. Specimens (n = 5) were homogenized at 29 points and stored for 1 week at 37 degrees C in distilled water. Specimens were luted with calcium hydroxide, then statically loaded until failure. Initial failure (IF), final failure (FF) and the mode of failure were recorded. RESULTS: The lowest mean load to initial failure was 530 N (TV 18%) and the highest was 1208 N (ES 66%). Linear regression analysis calculated the Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) for the interactions between V(FRC) and IF (ES: r = 0.7879, TV: r = 0.6184), V(FRC) and FF (ES: r = 0.912, TV: r = 0.8152), and between IF and FF (ES: r = 0.892, TV: r = 0.7237). Unreinforced specimens universally fractured instantaneously. SIGNIFICANCE: The highest loads to initial and final failure were yielded by specimens with the highest cross-sectional V(FRC).     

Estenia瓷树脂复合体制作冠桥的强度测试

目的:探讨Estenia瓷树脂复合体的强度,并与其他几种树脂材料进行比较,为临床选择冠桥树脂材料提供参考。方法:采用Estenia瓷树脂复合体体外模拟下颌第一磨牙单冠和第一磨牙缺失3个单位固定桥的形态,测试单冠的抗压强度和固定桥的抗弯强度,并与Artglass、Solidex、Targis3种树脂材料在相同实验方法下测试得到的结果作比较。结果:Estenia瓷树脂单冠的折裂最大载荷均值为600.20N,Estenia瓷树脂桥的折裂最大载荷均值为302.53N。结论:Estenia瓷树脂复合体的强度高于Artglass﹑Solidex和Targis树脂复合体。     

用酸蚀法提高纯钛与光固化冠桥树脂粘结强度的研究

目的：研究用酸蚀法提高钛与光固化复合树脂剪切粘结强度的可行性，并观察表面粗糙度与剪切粘结强度之间的关系。方法：采用不同浓度的酸蚀剂对钛铸件表面进行酸蚀，并与artglass光固化复合树脂进行粘结，以单纯喷砂组为对照，比较剪切粘结强度的差异。对酸蚀后及剪切试验后的金属表面进行扫描电镜观察，并测定其表面粗糙度。结果：用酸蚀法可以显著提高钛与复合树脂的粘结强度，HF浓度为4％时粘结强度最高。表面粗糙度随酸蚀剂的浓度增高而下降。结论：纯钛铸件用酸蚀法处理后可以获得较高的粘结强度，HF酸浓度以4％为宜。表面粗糙度对粘结强度不起决定性作用。     

等离子接枝处理的CF/PAA复合材料层间剪切强度及其形貌研究

采用等离子技术对碳纤维(CF)进行接枝芳基乙炔(PAA)处理，研究了影响CF／PAA复合材料层间剪切强度(ILSS)的因素。结果表明，经等离子接枝PAA处理后，复合材料的ILSS有了很大提高。SEM显示经接枝处理后CF和PAA树脂之间的界面结合紧密，改善了复合材料的界面结合性能。     

CLINICAL OBSERVATION OF 74 REVASCULARIZED OSTEOMYOCUTANEOUS FLAP GRAFTS TO RECONSTRUCT THE MANDIBULAR DEFECTS

Vascularized osteomyocutaneous transplantation using the technique of microvascular anastomosis has shown many advantages. For the purpose of immediate reconstruction of composite defects of the mandible, 74 osteomyocutaneous flaps have been used in the last six years. They included 43 iliac osteomyocutaneous flaps pedicled to the deep circumflex iliac artery, 16 latissimus dorsi osteomyocutaneous flaps pedicled to the thoracodorsal artery and 15 pectoralis major asteomyocutaneous flaps pedicled to the acromiothoracic artery. The survival rate of the former was 90.7% (39/43), and the latter two 71% (22/31). The factors influencing the survivalrate of these osteomyocutaneous flaps have been analyzed; the complications of the recipient and donor sites have been presented; the long term results have been discussed. The authors conclude: mandibular reconstruction by using osteomyocutaneous flap grafts has the advantages of resistance to infection, fast bone healing and survival in a poorly vascularized recipient bed. The iliac osteomyocutaneous flap is better than the other two in survival ability.