Postmortem Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in Nasopharyngeal Mucosa

Analyses of infection chains have demonstrated that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is highly transmissive. However, data on postmortem stability and infectivity are lacking. Our finding of nasopharyngeal viral RNA stability in 79 corpses showed no time-dependent decrease. Maintained infectivity is supported by virus isolation up to 35 hours postmortem.     

添加剂对钛酸铝低膨胀陶瓷热稳定性影响

通过计算晶格常数和热分解率,研究了添加剂莫来石和氧化铁对钛酸铝陶瓷热分解影响的机理,实验结果表明,莫来石通过挤压作用,而氧化铁通过形成固溶体来抑制钛酸铝陶瓷热分解。莫来石和氧化铁的混合添加剂比单用莫来石抑制效果更好。     

星点设计-效应面法优化柴银口服液提取工艺及其稳定性研究

目的 优化柴银口服液提取工艺,明确其成品稳定性。方法 在单因素试验基础上将加水量、提取时间、提取次数作为考察因素,以黄芩苷转移率与澄清度值的总评归一（OD）值为评价指标,采用星点设计-效应面法优化柴银口服液提取工艺,将经优化后工艺条件生产的柴银口服液成品与原工艺成品进行加速与长期稳定性对比。结果 最佳提取工艺参数为加水量8.3倍、提取时间2.2 h、提取3次,此条件下OD值最高为0.702,此条件下生产的柴银口服液在稳定性考察中pH、澄清度、黄芩苷含量及微生物限度等指标均明显优于原工艺成品。结论 星点设计-效应面法优化柴银口服液提取工艺方法可靠、参数精确,能有效提升其价值、延长保质期。     

中药防治肺气血屏障功能障碍的研究进展

肺气血屏障由肺泡腔、毛细血管腔及肺间质组成,可保证气体在肺泡与血液间的有效扩散,防止肺泡过度膨胀或塌陷,维持肺部的正常功能。气血屏障功能障碍是急性肺损伤（acute lung injury,ALI）的主要病理特征,气血屏障一旦被破坏,会导致血浆蛋白渗漏到肺泡腔中诱发肺水肿,影响正常的气体交换,加重靶器官的缺氧甚至威胁生命。中药治疗ALI已经得到广泛的认可和验证。通过对防治气血屏障损伤的中药复方、单味药材及中药单体进行了综述,为中药防治ALI的应用研究及修复气血屏障功能障碍的可能作用机制提供依据。     

Recurrence of thyroid carcinoma in cervical soft tissue following surgical implantation: Case report

IntroductionThyroid cancer is the most common type of malignant endocrine cancer. Differentiated thyroid cancer, which includes papillary and follicular cancers, represents majority (90%) of all thyroid cancers and has a favorable prognosis.However, a minority of patients develops loco-regional recurrence.Case reportWe report here a rare case of a 63 years-old man who underwent total thyroidectomy in 2015 for multinodular goiter whose histopathological examination revealed a papillary thyroid carcinoma. He received 6 weeks later a 100 mCi of radioactive iodine therapy. In 2017, he was admitted for multiple cervical lymph nodes with high serum thyroglobulin level (234 ng/mL) which required a bilateral central and lateral neck dissection. He was readmitted in 2019 for multiple subcutaneous neck nodules with high serum thyroglobulin level (197 ng/mL). The histopathological examination of the excised nodules revealed a papillary thyroid carcinoma. The patient showed no sign of recurrence after 2 years follow-up.ConclusionLocal soft tissue recurrence followed surgical implantation should be suspected when nodules are determined alongside the thyroid after previous thyroid surgery. Therapy for these soft tissue implants may be difficult; a comprehensive long-term postoperative evaluation should be completed to minimize the risk of recurrence in cervical soft tissue.     

步枪立姿射击稳定性的力学特征

射击运动技术是衡量运动员水平的关键，它对运动员姿态控制的稳定性有相当高的要求。本文以步枪立姿运动为例，分析其姿态控制的力学特征，运用运动稳定性原理，求得人体上躯干最佳姿态控制角，并论证了人体躯干长度，前臂长度对稳定性的影响。最后将理论结果与对一些国内外著名运动员实测参数比较分析，证明了理论结论与实际基本相符。     

On the secondary stability of coated cementless hip replacement: parameters that affected interface strength

Unlike primary stability of coated cementless implants, their secondary stability has been poorly studied. This paper considers some theoretical aspects of the secondary stability of a coated cementless hip implant in a human femur. The bone is separated from the implant by a thin layer of microscopic peaks and troughs formed on the surface of the coating. The size of the peaks and troughs is very small compared with the macrosize of the implant stem and bone in contact. The study of the bone–stem contact by direct application of the finite element method is prohibitively costly. A two-scale asymptotic homogenisation procedure that takes into account the microgeometry of the interface layer and mechanical properties of bone and the implant material is applied to obtain effective, homogenised contact parameters. These parameters can be used in finite element analyses involving smooth interfaces, which require hundreds of times fewer finite elements. With the homogenisation technique and finite element analyses for a simplified design, two parameters were found to be most important—the normal contact stiffness and the friction coefficient. They both increase several times as bone grows into the rough surface of the implant and mineralises, thus providing a stronger interface and resulting in reduced micromotions.     

单侧多节段后部结构切除对腰椎旋转稳定性影响的生物力学研究

目的：研究多节段脊柱后部结构对腰椎旋转稳定性的影响。方法：选用７具成人新鲜尸体脊柱标本（Ｌ１～Ｓ１），采用单侧多节段逐步切除腰椎后部结构的方法，形成７种状态，从单侧多节段开窗至全椎板及双侧小关节切除等。通过脊柱三维运动试验机施加１０Ｎｍ的扭转载荷，使脊柱产生左、右轴向旋转运动。结果：全椎板加双侧小关节部分切除后，腰椎旋转稳定性受到显著影响。结论：除小关节骨性结构及关节囊外，椎板及后部韧带结构对维持腰椎旋转稳定性亦有重要作用