PVA／PAA水凝胶纤维的电刺激响应性能

以过硫酸胺为引发剂,在PVA水溶液中原位聚合丙烯酸单体,得到的PVA／PAA混合水溶液在凝固浴硫酸胺饱和水溶液中纺丝制备了物理缠结和氢固定网络形式的PVA／PAA水凝胶纤维。该纤维于NaCl溶液中在直流电场作用下具有电流－刺激敏感性,表现为溶胀、收缩、弯曲行为。纤维的弯曲速度和最大弯曲度随电场强度和凝胶网络中PAA含量的增加而增大,随电解质溶液离子强度的变化出现临界最大值。纤维向负极弯曲的过程中,在电场下自由离子和反庆子迁移引起的渗透压主导作用,弯曲过程主要是溶胀弯曲;向正极弯曲过程中,由于电化学反应和电场作用下产生的PH梯度导致凝胶网络构像变化主导作用,弯曲主要是收缩弯曲;弯曲由负极向正极转化过程中,两种机理对弯曲的影响相对平衡。     

重烧氧化镁粉的活性测定

新型无机骨粘粘剂磷酸镁水泥（MPC）的主要反应物－重烧MgO的活性与MPC的性能密切相关。本文用比表面积法、碘吸附法、物相分析法、动力学分析法对不同MgO的活性进行了表征,并考察了重烧MgO的活性对MPC材料凝结时间、30min抗压强度以及水化温升的影响。结果表明,比表面积法、碘吸附法、物相分析法不能用于重烧MgO粉活性的测定,而动力学分析用于表征重烧MgO粉的活性是可行和可靠的。     

离体牙多次粘结托槽的抗张强度测定

①目的　研究牙面多次酸蚀粘结托槽抗张强度的变化。②方法　选择因正畸需要而拔除的前磨牙为实验样本 ,分为 3组 ,每组 10颗牙齿。第 1组为首次酸蚀粘结托槽 ;第 2 ,3组为第 2 ,3次酸蚀粘结托槽。以材料力学实验机分别测定其抗张强度 ,统计每一牙面上的粘结剂残留量进行ARI计分 ,并对各组进行扫描电镜观察。③结果　 3组粘结托槽抗张强度比较 ,差异无显著性 (F =0 .175 ,P >0 .0 5 ) ;3组粘结剂残留指数 (ARI)计分比较 ,差异无显著性 (Hc=2 .2 38,P >0 .0 5 ) ;电镜观察 1,2次酸蚀的牙釉质表面 ,其蜂窝结构在不断增多。④结论　牙面的第 2 ,3次酸蚀粘结托槽仍能获得满意的粘结强度。     

Effects of combined whole body vibration and resistance training on lower quadrants electromyographic activity,muscle strength and power in athletes

BackgroundWhole body vibration (WBV) with resistance training is one of the increasing ways of gaining ankle and foot complex muscle strength and power for the rehabilitative and prophylactic purpose in athletes.ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to compare the effects of combined WBV and resistance training (RVE) with strength training alone (RE) on alteration of gastrocnemius lateralis and vastus medialis obliquus muscle activity and strength, and power performance in athletes.MethodsThe study was performed on 23 university-level male athletes who were randomized into two groups as RVE (n = 12; age 22.2 ± 1.94 years) and RE (n = 11; age 21.60 ± 1.78 years). The training program was scheduled three times per week for six weeks (18 sessions). Gastrocnemius lateralis (GL) and vastus medialis obliquus (VMO) were measured for muscle activity and isometric strength with surface EMG device and handheld dynamometer respectively. Counter-movement jump (CMJ) was used for measuring power. All the participants were assessed for outcome measures at baseline and then after 6 weeks. Group (RVE vs. RE) by time (pre vs. post) effects were compared through a 2-way interaction utilizing mixed model repeated measure ANOVA.ResultsAfter training, VMO muscle activity (group effects) increased significantly in the RVE group (p < 0.05). However, both the groups showed statistically significant time and group × time interaction effects for muscle activity of VMO, isometric strength (VMO and GL), and CMJ (p < 0.05).ConclusionWBV might serve as an adjunct modality for enhancement of the neuromuscular activity of the VMO muscle. However, RVE had no additive effect when compared to RE alone on muscle strength and power in athletes. The long-term impacts of combined WBV and resistance training on other foot and ankles muscle should be investigated in future studies.     

饮片细粉对肠炎宁半浸膏片压缩成型的影响研究

目的 研究半浸膏颗粒中饮片细粉含量对其物理性质和压缩性能的影响。方法 以肠炎宁片为模型药物,测定含不同饮片细粉比例的肠炎宁颗粒的粉体学性质、压缩过程参数、抗张强度等指标,采用不同压缩方程对片剂抗张强度-压力、孔隙率-压力、抗张强度-孔隙率的变化规律进行拟合,阐明肠炎宁半浸膏片的成型机制,并用主成分分析对粉体学性质、压缩过程参数及拟合系数之间的相关性进行分析。结果 当肠炎宁颗粒中的饮片细粉含量小于6%时,随着饮片细粉含量的增加,粒子间的结合力增强,粉体的成型性增强;当含量超过6%后,饮片细粉弹性作用增强,粒子间结合力减弱,抑制成型。结论 从压缩成型角度说明了肠炎宁半浸膏片中饮片细粉含量的临界值为6%,可为半浸膏片的处方工艺优化提供较好的理论和实验依据。     

肝包虫囊肿压迫下腔静脉的外科治疗

目的探讨肝包虫囊肿压迫下腔静脉的外科治疗。方法采用回顾性描述性研究方法。收集2013年5月至2018年5月石河子大学医学院第一附属医院收治的10例肝包虫囊肿压迫下腔静脉病人的临床资料;男7例,女3例;年龄为(46±5)岁,年龄范围为38~51岁。根据术中肝包虫囊肿与下腔静脉的贴合程度以及囊肿完整切除的难易程度,分别行外膜内外囊完整切除术、外膜内外囊次全切除术、外膜内外囊完整切除联合下腔静脉部分切除术。观察指标:(1)手术情况。(2)术后情况。(3)随访情况。采用门诊和电话方式进行随访,于术后3、6、12、24个月门诊随访1次。行彩色多普勒超声检查了解病人肝包虫囊肿复发及下腔静脉栓塞情况。随访终点为术后2年,随访次要终点为肝包虫囊肿复发。随访时间截至2020年5月。正态分布的计量资料以x±s表示。计数资料以绝对数表示。结果(1)手术情况:10例病人均顺利完成手术,7例行外膜内外囊完整切除术,2例行外膜内外囊次全切除术,1例行外膜内外囊完整切除联合下腔静脉部分切除术。10例病人术中无大出血及感染性休克发生。10例病人手术时间为(99±27)min;术中出血量为(99±48)mL。(2)术后情况:10例病人术后2~5 d拔除引流管,无术后出血、术后残腔感染、术后胆瘘发生,无围术期死亡病人,术后住院时间为(7.1±1.8)d。(3)随访情况:10例病人中,9例完成终点随访,随访时间内均无肝包虫囊肿复发及下腔静脉栓塞形成;1例病人于术后12个月,第3次随访失访,此病人术后3、6个月随访未发现肝包虫囊肿复发及下腔静脉栓塞。结论外膜内外囊完整切除术、外膜内外囊次全切除术、外膜内外囊完整切除联合下腔静脉部分切除术均能完整切除肝包虫囊肿。     

Association between Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures and Age,Bone Mineral Density,and European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions in Korean Postmenopausal Women: A Nationwide Cross-sectional Observational Study

BackgroudThe purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) in Korean postmenopausal women and the association between OVCFs and clinical factors such as age, bone mineral density (BMD), and quality of life.MethodsAccording to the population distribution in four regions in Korea, 1,281 postmenopausal female patients were recruited from nationwide orthopedic outpatient clinics. Radiologic, asymptomatic, and within 3 months of OVCF groups were analyzed based on age, fracture location, and prevalence according to BMD. In addition, BMD, T-score, body mass index, and European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) were investigated in the three groups, and the differences between groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsThe prevalence of radiologic OVCFs at the T11–L1 was 3.7 times higher in the 70s group (44.0%) than in the 50s group (11.9%). Femur and total hip BMD were significantly lower in patients with thoracolumbar junction fractures than in patients with L2–5 fractures, whereas no difference was observed in lumbar spine BMD. Of the three OVCF groups, the within 3 months of OVCF group had the lowest lumbar spine T-score of −2.445. The asymptomatic OVCF group also showed significantly lower lumbar spine T-score than did the group without radiologic OVCFs (p < 0.001). The EQ-5D showed a significant decrease in the radiologic OVCF group (p < 0.001) and within 3 months of OVCF group (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe prevalence of OVCFs in the thoracolumbar junction rapidly increases with old age and low BMD in Korean postmenopausal women. Femur and total hip BMD are more predictive of thoracolumbar junction fractures than lumbar spine BMD. Patients with radiologic OVCFs had a significantly lower quality of life than no OVCF group. Therefore, this study shows it is important to treat and prevent osteoporosis before an OVCF occurs.