米诺环素对224株肠球菌的体外抗菌活性研究

目的:考察米诺环素对224株肠球菌的体外抗菌活性.方法:用二倍琼脂稀释法对224株肠球菌进行体外抗菌实验,并与多西环素、替考拉宁、万古霉素等进行抗菌效果对比.结果:米诺环素对169株粪肠球菌和51株屎肠球菌的MIC90分别为4和2μg·ml-1,而多西环素对169株粪肠球菌和51株屎肠球菌的MIC90则分别为4和4μg·ml-1.结论:米诺环素对肠球菌的抗菌效果与多西环素相似.     

头孢霉AL031真菌次生代谢产物的抗菌活性研究

采用滤纸片法 ,以 11株革兰氏阳性或阴性细菌为指示菌 ,对从头孢霉AL0 31真菌次生代谢产物中分离到的 14个化合物进行了体外抗细菌活性筛选。结果表明 :新化合物 :S ( ) 5 羟基蜂蜜曲菌素、S ( ) 7 羟基蜂蜜曲菌素和已知化合物 :蜂蜜曲菌素、2 ,4 -二羟基 3,6 二甲基苯甲酸、3,6 二羟基 2 ,4 二甲基苯甲酸、琥珀酸具有广谱的抗细菌活性 ,采用杯碟法 ,以三种细菌为指示菌 ,测定了具有抗菌活性的 6个化合物的最低抑菌浓度 (MIC) ,其MIC为 0 0 312 5～ 0 5mg/ml。     

银杏酸凝胶剂的制备及抑菌试验研究

目的制备银杏酸凝胶剂,并对该制剂的体外抑菌活性进行初步研究.方法以银杏酸为主药,卡波普为基质制备凝胶剂,采用HPLC法测定制剂中银杏酸含量,并采用液体两倍稀释法测定银杏酸凝胶剂对金黄色葡萄球菌和丙酸杆菌的体外最小抑菌浓度(MIC).结果银杏酸凝胶剂对金黄色葡萄球菌和丙酸杆菌均显示不同程度的抑菌活性,其MIC分别为31.756mg·mL-1和0.992mg·mL-1.结论该制剂制备工艺可行,性质稳定,对金黄色葡萄球菌和丙酸杆菌有较好的抑制作用.     

蜂蜜的抗菌特性及其在医学上的应用

利用蜂蜜的抗菌特性治疗各种疾病或创伤是蜂蜜开发中一个比较热门的方向。本文对蜂蜜可能的抗茼机理(高渗、酸性环境和抗菌组分)以及蜂蜜中的抗菌组分(过氧化氢和非过氧化氢类)作了阐述，对利用蜂蜜抗菌特性开发产品(创伤敷料、口腔保健和胃药开发)作了探讨。     

8种氟喹诺酮类药物的体外敏感性

目的比较大肠埃希菌、铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对8种氟喹诺酮类药物的体外抗菌活性. 方法按NCCLS推荐的标准纸片扩散法(K-B法)对69株大肠埃希菌、84株铜绿假单胞菌和82株金黄色葡萄球菌进行8种三代氟喹诺酮药物的体外敏感性实验. 结果对于大肠埃希菌和铜绿假单胞菌,环丙沙星的体外抗菌活性最强;对于金黄色葡萄球菌,虽环丙沙星的敏感率低于氧氟沙星、左氧氟沙星及司帕沙星等,但并未提示差异有显著性(P>0.05). 结论 8种帕喹诺酮类药物显示明显的交叉耐药性,环丙沙星的体外敏感性结果对于临床应用三代氟喹诺酮类药物具有一定的指导意义.     

24种抗菌药物对临床常见致病菌敏感性分析

目的了解临床常见致病菌对24种抗菌药物敏感性现状,为临床合理选择抗菌药物提供参考. 方法收集湖南省郴州市辖区内12所二级以上医院,1999年10月～2001年4月间药敏试验结果进行统计分析. 结果G-杆菌对阿米卡星、环丙沙星、卡那霉素、头孢曲松、庆大霉素、氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、头孢哌酮敏感率较高,分别为80.2%、74.7%、68.6%、68.4%、65.1%、64.1%、62.4%、61.1%;G 球菌对头孢哌酮、阿米卡星、乙酰螺旋霉素、万古霉素、头孢曲松、诺氟沙星、头孢唑林、哌拉西林敏感性较高,分别为90.4%、81.8%、80.8%、79.3%、72.1%、68.9%、66.4%、61.9%;G-杆菌对环丙沙星、头孢哌酮、头孢曲松、庆大霉素、阿米卡星等5种抗菌药物敏感性高于其他大型医院;G 球菌对氨苄西林、青霉素G、环丙沙星、头孢唑林、庆大霉素、阿米卡星、卡那霉素等7种抗菌药物敏感性低于其他大型医院;G 球菌对苯唑西林、红霉素、复方新诺明敏感性高于其他医院. 结论要加强临床分离菌对抗菌药物的耐药性关注.     

Functionalized 1,4‐Benzothiazine: A Versatile Scaffold with Diverse Biological Properties

1,4‐Benzothiazines are known to represent a class of medicinally important heterocyclic compounds which are extensively used in drug design. They have wide biological properties which qualify them as excellent scaffolds in therapeutic and medicinal research. Thus, many derivatives of this compound have been synthesized as target structures in novel drug development. Hence, the motivation for this present review was the known widespread application of the 1,4‐benzothiazine scaffolds.     

An in vitro antibacterial and antifungal effects of cadmium(II) complexes of hexamethyltetraazacyclotetradecadiene and isomers of its saturated analogue

ObjectiveTo evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal effects of cadmium(II) complexes with hexamethyltetraazacyclotetradecadiene ligands.MethodsFive coordinated square pyramidal cadmium(II) complexes and six coordinated square octahedral cadmium(II) complexes have been synthesized by interaction of 5,7,7,12,14,14-hexamethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradeca-4,11-diene (denoted by L.2HClO₄) and C-chiral isomers of its saturated analogue (denoted by ‘teta’ and ‘tetb’) with different salts of Cd²⁺ ion [e.g. CdI₂, Cd(NO₃)₂·6H₂O, CdCl₂·2H₂O and Cd(ClO₄)₂·6H₂O] in methanolic solution. Complexes of the ligands were investigated for antibacterial activity by disc diffusion method and antifungal effect by poisoned food technique.ResultsThe newly synthesized cadmium(II) complexes of the ligands were screened as potential antimicrobial agent against a number of medically important bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae and Escherichia coli) and against two fungi (Candida albicans and Aspergillus aculeatus). The growth inhibiting activity of the ligands and complexes against bacteria and fungi were compared with the standard antibiotic ampicillin and commercially important antifungal agent, griseofulvin respectively. Among them some of the macrocyclic complexes were found to be more fungitoxic and antibacterial than the reference antifungal drug griseofulvin and antibacterial drug ampicillin respectively.ConclusionsHexamethyltetraazacyclotetradecadiene ligands and its complexes could be considered as very potential antibacterial and antifungal agent with further investigation.     

Functional characterization of Vitellogenin_N domain,domain of unknown function 1943, and von Willebrand factor type D domain in vitellogenin of the non-bilaterian coral Euphyllia ancora: Implications for emergence of immune activity of vitellogenin in basal metazoan

Our understanding of the function of vitellogenin (Vg) in reproduction has undergone a transformation over the past decade in parallel with new insights into the role of Vg in immunity. However, the time when Vg was endowed with immunological activities during animal evolution remains elusive. Here we demonstrate for the first time that the recombinant proteins rVitellogenin_N, rDUF1943, and rVWD from Vg of the basal metazoan coral Euphyllia ancora not only interact with Gram-positive and negative bacteria as well as their conserved surface components LTA and LPS but also enhance phagocytosis of bacteria by macrophages. Moreover, challenge with LPS results in a marked up-regulation of vg in the coral E. ancora. These data suggest that E. ancora Vg, like that described in the bilaterian oviparous animals fish and amphioxus, is a molecule related to antibacterial defense, indicating that the timing of the emergence of immune role of Vg predates the divergence of the cnidarian (non-bilaterian) and bilaterian lineages.