腹腔镜规则性左肝外侧叶切除术15例

目的探讨腹腔镜左肝外侧叶切除术的可行性。方法2004年12月-2006年8月对病灶位于左肝外侧叶原发性肝细胞癌10例，肝海绵状血管瘤3例，结肠癌肝转移2例，腹腔镜下应用电刀或超声刀、线性切割器等切除左肝外侧叶。结果15例均在完全腹腔镜下行规则性左肝外侧叶切除，无中转开腹。手术时间65—120rain，平均100min；术中出血量50—100ml，平均80ml。肿瘤全部完整切除，无破裂，完整取出标本的边界距肿瘤切缘1cm以上，术后病理证实切端未见癌细胞侵犯。术后无出血及胆漏，术后腹腔引流管3—4d。术后住院3—5d。12例肝癌术后随访1-20个月，平均12．5月，未见肝内复发及手术切口肿瘤种植，所有患者均健康存活。结论腹腔镜规则性左肝外侧叶切除可行、安全。     

腹腔镜肝右后叶囊肿开窗引流术35例报告

目的：探讨肝右后叶肝囊肿的腹腔镜处理方法。方法：1998年1月～2005年12月对35例有症状的肝右后叶囊肿（21例主要位于Ⅵ段，14例主要位于第Ⅶ段）采用四孔法行囊肿开窗引流术。囊肿位于肝右后叶上段者采用肝上入路，胆囊牵引钳或三叶钳推压肝脏使其向前向下，暴露肝后囊肿，囊肿开窗，修剪带蒂大网膜放入囊肿。囊肿位于肝右后叶下段者采用肝下入路，超声刀切开肝结肠韧带，右三角韧带及肝肾间疏松组织，胆囊牵引钳抬起肝脏，囊肿开窗，大网膜放入囊腔引流。结果：35例肝右后叶肝囊肿均在腹腔镜下完成肝囊肿开窗引流术，无中转开腹手术。15例采用肝上入路，20例采用肝下入路。手术时间30～95min，平均46min。无手术并发症。35例病理检查结果均为先天性肝囊肿。术后症状均消失。术后住院2～5d，平均3．8d。35例随访6～36个月，平均34个月，33例无复发，2例（为肝上入路病例）囊肿未完全消失，但较术前明显缩小，无明显症状，观察半年未见增大。结论：肝下及肝上入路囊肿开窗引流是腹腔镜下处理肝右叶肝囊肿的有效方法。     

腹腔镜肝切除术的体会

目的:研究腹腔镜肝切除的手术操作技术。方法:分析行腹腔镜肝切除术4例患者的临床资料。结果:4例均顺利完成手术,无中转开腹。平均手术时间159min(120～280min),术中平均出血量280ml。除1例术后发生小量胆漏外,余者均未出现与手术相关的并发症。术后平均住院11d(7～25d)。结论:合理选择手术适应证、医护的良好配合是完成手术的重要条件。     

Endoscopic treatment of oesophageal leiomyoma: four new cases

Abstract Background and study aims: The advent of endoscopic techniques in the last decades has produced a change in the approach of the oesophageal leiomyoma. The aim of the study is to explain our experience in the laparoscopic surgery of the oesophageal leiomyoma. Materials and methods: We realised a retrospective study of the oesophageal leiomyoma operated on in our centre by the endoscopic approach between 2001 and 2004. There were two females and two males. All were symptomatic and pyrosis was the most frequent symptom. The preoperative study was an oral endoscopy and barium swallow. In all the cases enucleation was performed, two by thoracoscopy and two by laparoscopy approach. Results: The mean operating time was 230 min. No deaths or intraoperative complications occurred and there were no cases of conversion to open surgery either. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.25 days (range 2–4 days). There was no case of recurrence. Conclusions: The enucleation is an easier procedure and constitutes the therapy of choice of the oesophageal leiomyoma. We think that muscle borders should be closed after enucleation and that biopsy is not indicated preoperatively.     

腹腔镜直肠癌切除联合微波刀一期治疗肝转移癌的体会

目的:探讨腹腔镜直肠癌切除联合微波刀一期治疗肝转移癌的临床价值。方法:对3例直肠癌合并肝转移的患者行腹腔镜直肠癌根治术的同时,在腹腔镜直视下或超声引导下,用微波刀治疗肝转移灶。结果:无一例手术死亡,未出现严重并发症,随访5~8个月,均存活。结论:在腹腔镜直肠癌切除手术的同时用微波刀治疗肝转移灶安全有效,但长期效果有待进一步证实。     

内结扎法腹腔镜巨脾切除联合选择性贲门周围血管离断术

目的总结腹腔镜下内结扎法巨脾切除联合选择性贲门周围血管离断术的经验。方法采用丝线结扎结合超声刀或LigaSure，进行腹腔镜巨脾切除和选择性贲门周围血管离断术治疗门静脉高压症并发食管胃底静脉曲张6例。结果6例手术全部镜下顺利完成，术中出血量80-200ml，平均130ml，无输血，无中转开腹，手术时间150-210min平均190min。无并发症，术后5天恢复正常活动。术后随访3—10个月，平均8个月，无再发出血。结论应用内结扎法腹腔镜巨脾切除联合选择性贲门周围血管离断术治疗门静脉高压症安全有效，出血少，微创。     

腹腔镜结直肠癌手术的并发症及防治（附116例报告）

目的：探讨腹腔镜结直肠癌手术并发症及防治原则。方法：回顾分析2004年11月至2006年10月116例腹腔镜结直肠癌手术的临床资料。结果：腹腔镜结直肠癌手术无围手术期死亡病例,中转开腹6例,中转率5.2%;术中并发症发生率9.5%（11/116）;术后早期并发症发生率10.3%（12/116）。结论：不断提高腹腔镜手术操作技巧,严格按照腹腔镜结直肠癌手术操作规范施术,重视关键步骤的解剖及操作程序,具备处置意外的能力,是防治腹腔镜结直肠癌并发症的关键。     

腹腔镜全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术与无张力疝修补术的随机对照研究

目的：研究腹腔镜全腹膜外腹股沟疝修补术（totally extraperitoneal prosthetic,TEP）在临床应用中的价值。方法：71例成人腹股沟疝患者前瞻性随机分成两组,分别进行TEP和无张力疝修补术（Lichtenstein）。TEP组35例,Lichtenstein组36例。手术后1周和1年内对患者作出临床观察和评估,并在3个月和1年时进行电话及门诊随访。观察指标为：手术时间、使用镇痛药物的频率、下床活动时间、住院天数、并发症、暂时性神经感觉异常、正常活动时间、腹股沟疼痛持续时间、疝复发。将两组数据进行统计学处理和分析。结果：使用镇痛药物的频率、下床活动时间、住院天数、恢复正常活动时间、腹股沟疼痛持续时间、并发症方面TEP组优于Lichtenstein组,有显著性差异（P〈0.05）。手术时间、复发例数TEP组少于Lichtenstein组,但无统计学差异。结论：TEP对于复发疝、老年人疝以及双侧疝更加具有优势。但TEP手术费用较高、需要腹腔镜等设备、学习曲线较长,这些可能是目前TEP尚未广泛开展的主要原因。我们认为,缩短TEP学习曲线的关键在于掌握手术空间的建立,腹白线中隔是影响手术空间建立的主要因素,打开下方部分腹白线中隔是手术的要点。     

Ambulatory total extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair: feasibility and impact on quality of life.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Feasibility of ambulatory laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in developing countries is not known due to lack of dedicated outpatient centers. This study prospectively evaluated the feasibility of outpatient discharge after laparoscopic total extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair done in combination with in-hospital services and its impact on quality of life. METHODS: Forty patients were studied who had uncomplicated inguinal hernias and fulfilled the selection criteria. Quality of life was evaluated by using the SF-12 questionnaire. RESULTS: Ninety percent of patients could be discharged as outpatients. Four patients required admission. No major complications or readmissions occurred. Physical components of quality of life deteriorated in the immediate postoperative period but improved to above preoperative levels within one month. A transient deterioration in subgroups of the mental health component was observed, which recovered to normal in less than a week. There was no significant alteration in the emotional component. There has been no recurrence at a median follow-up of 25 months. CONCLUSION: It was feasible to safely perform outpatient TEP in combination with routine in-hospital services without increasing complications or causing any adverse impact on quality of life. This was possible subject to adherence to proper selection and discharge criteria.     

腹腔镜、胆道镜联合治疗胆总管结石的临床研究

目的：探讨腹腔镜胆道镜胆总管探查取石的可行性、安全性及适应证。方法：对比分析腹腔镜手术组（n=20）与开腹手术组（n=20例）胆总管探查取石术的手术时间、术中出血量、术后排气时间、住院天数、术后疼痛、并发症发生率等。结果：腹腔手术组与开腹手术组手术时间分别为（133.65±16.71）min、（89.8±11.02）min,术后止痛剂使用率分别为20%、85%,术后排气时间分别为（31.15±4.98）h、（56.65±13.45）h,住院时间分别为（8.55±2.11）d、（14.95±2.96）d。以上项目两组均有统计学差异（P〈0.01）;并发症发生率分别为10%、25%,无明显差异（P〉0.05）。结论：腹腔镜联合胆道镜胆总管切开取石术安全可靠,手术创伤小,值得临床推广。