格列喹酮与格列齐特的临床疗效及不良反应比较

目的回顾性分析对比格列喹酮与格列齐特的临床疗效及不良反应。方法将丽水市中心医院内分泌科用过格列喹酮和格列齐特两种药物3个月以上的门诊和住院患者129例的病历资料及化验单进行统计分析,比较用药后空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖及肝肾功能等指标。结果两组治疗3个月后空腹血糖均明显下降(P<0.05),格列齐特降空腹血糖效果优于格列喹酮,格列喹酮降餐后2 h血糖作用优于格列齐特;两组肝肾功能各项指标无大的波动,不良反应发生率无显著性差异。结论格列喹酮和格列齐特都有一定的降血糖疗效,格列喹酮不良反应较格列齐特少,且对肾功能具有一定的保护作用。     

姜黄素对大鼠脑损伤恢复作用的实验研究

目的探讨姜黄素对大鼠脑缺氧缺血损伤时NOS活力、caspase-3表达及细胞凋亡的影响。方法采用大鼠Rice模型。雄性SD大鼠48只,每组6只。随机分为假手术对照组（SH组）、脑缺氧缺血组（HI组）、姜黄素组（CU组）、溶剂对照组（SC组）;生化方法检测脑组织NOS（一氧化氮合酶）活力;免疫组织化学测定大脑海马CA1区caspase-3（半胱氨酸天冬氨酸特异性蛋白酶-3）的表达;电镜观察大脑海马形态学结构变化。结果姜黄素可显著减少大脑海马神经细胞损伤数量,NOS酶活力含量明显减低,并且抑制caspase-3蛋白的表达。结论细胞凋亡参与了大脑缺氧缺血损伤的发生,姜黄素可能通过减低NOS酶活力、下调caspase-3的表达,从而抑制细胞凋亡,减轻脑缺氧缺血性损伤。     

焦虑对护生实习成绩的影响

目的：探索焦虑对护生临床实习成绩的影响,为做好实习护生焦虑的干预提供相关依据。方法：随机抽取两组护生,实验组护生实习前给予专业思想、择业就业教育干预,实习前教学与操作干预,人际沟通干预等措施,用IAS（Interaction Anxiousness Scale交往焦虑量表）对两组护生干预前后进行焦虑程度的测量对比,并对两组学生实习初期和实习末期成绩进行对比。结果：干预前两组焦虑程度无明显差异,干预后实验组护生焦虑程度明显低于对照组。实习初成绩干预组高于未干预组（P=0.025）,实习末期成绩两组无明显差异（P=0.550）。结论：针对实习护生焦虑给予适当的情感支持和干预,引导学生采用积极、有效的方式应对实习中的压力,缓解焦虑与担心,有利于提高实习效果。     

组学时代医学检验专业教学的探索与实践

人类基因组计划完成后,生命科学研究进入到＂组学＂的研究时代,这给临床医学的发展带来了无限的希望,这些新技术、新理念、新思维被引入医学检验领域,为其提供了广大的发展空间,在此契机下,我们医学检验教育也围绕组学教育方向从办学模式、课程和实验教学体系改革、师资队伍建设和搭建产学研平台等方面进行了探索与实践。     

医学毕业生基层就业的影响因素及对策研究

引导和鼓励医学毕业生基层就业对推进我国卫生事业改革,缓解日益严峻的就业压力具有重要意义。文章通过对医学毕业生就业影响因素的分析,找出医学毕业生基层就业问题的症结所在,并对改进医学生基层就业提出相应的措施和政策建议。     

Widespread enhancement of pain sensitivity in MRL/MpJ mice following infraorbital nerve transection

OBJECTIVE Neuropathic pain in humans may spread to regions beyond the area innervated by the injured nerve.This study aims to verify the appearance of wide-spread neuropathic pain following infraorbital nerve transection and investigate the mechanisms underlying wide-spread pain.METHODS The infraorbital nerve of male MRL/MPJ mice was transected(ION-T) to induce trigeminal neuralgia under isoflurane anesthesia.The sensitivities to tactile and heat stimuli of different body parts including the vibrissal pads,hindpaws,and tail were tested after surgery.Activation of microglia in the dorsal horn at levels of medulla(MDH) and L4/L5(SDH) were measured by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS Compared to sham-operated mice,injured mice showed significantly mechanical allodynia,heat allodynia and hyperalgesia in the ipsilateral vibrissal pad,and extraterritorially in the contralateral vibrissal pad,bilateral hindpaws and tail.There was a negative correlation between the evoked pain in denervated area and extraterritorial areas.Microglia in the MDH of injured mice were significantly activated 3 d postoperatively.However,the activation of microglia in L4/L5 SDH occurred until 7 d postoperatively.Moreover,intraperitoneal injection of minocycline inhibited the wide-spread pain abnormalities in the vibrissal pads,hindpaws,and tail.CONCLUSION These results indicate the appearance of wide-spread neuropathic pain following infraorbital nerve transection.Microglia activation may be involved in the mechanisms of this phenomenon.     

人参多糖对兔肝缺血/再灌注损伤时TXB2/PG1α平衡的调控作用

目的:观察肝缺血/再灌注损伤时血栓素B2(Thromboxane B2,TXB2)、前列环素F1α(Prostaglandin F1α,PGF1α)、TXB2/PGF1α比值变化和人参多糖的干预作用。方法:30只家免,随机均分为对照组(C组)、缺血/再灌注组(IR组)和人参多糖组(GP组)。分别检测三组缺血前10min、缺血45min及再灌注45min后血浆中TXB2、PGF1α、ALT及TXB2/PGF1α比值的变化,电镜下观察肝细胞超微结构的改变。结果:IR组血浆TXB2各对应时间点浓度均较C组明显升高,PGF1α含量再灌注45min时较缺血前显著下降,TXB2/PGF1α比值明显增高,肝细胞超微结构显著异常。使用人参多糖注射液后,血浆TXB2浓度较IR组同期水平降低,PGF1α再灌注45min显著高于IR组同期水平,TXB2/PGF1α显著低于IR组,尤以再灌注45min为著,肝细胞超微结构异常较IR组有所减轻。结论:人参多糖可通过调节TXB2/PGF1α之间的平衡,改善肝脏微循环,从而防治肝缺血/再灌注损伤。     

骨桥蛋白检测用于乳腺癌诊断的临床价值

目的检测乳腺癌组织及血清中骨桥蛋白(OPN)表达水平,分析其用于乳腺癌诊断的临床价值。方法应用RT-PCR法检测45例乳腺癌病灶及其癌旁组织的OPN表达水平,分析其与临床病理特征之间的关系;ELISA检测乳腺癌(45例)、乳腺良性肿瘤(19例)以及正常体检女性(26例)血清中的OPN的水平,同时免疫化学发光法检测其血清CA153的浓度,ROC曲线分析OPN、CA153以及二者联合检测对乳腺癌诊断的价值。结果 45例乳腺癌病灶和相应的癌旁组织中OPN mRNA阳性表达率为分别77.78%(35/45)和37.78%(17/45),乳腺癌组OPN mRNA表达量(1.51±0.16)显著高于癌旁组织(1.12±0.10),差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);OPN的表达与临床分期,病灶钙化以及腋窝淋巴结转移均具有相关性(P<0.05);与正常对照组和乳腺良性肿瘤组比较,乳腺癌血清中的OPN含量显著升高;Ⅲ期+Ⅳ期血清OPN浓度显著高于Ⅰ期+Ⅱ期(P<0.05);转移组的OPN含量明显高于未转移组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);血清中的OPN浓度与组织中OPN mRNA表达水平显著相关(r=0.653,t=4.91,P<0.05);OPN、CA153及二者联合检测诊断乳腺癌的灵敏度分别为:73.3%、60.0%和95.6%,特异性分别为82.2%、91.1%和66.7%。结论 OPN在乳腺癌病灶组织中高表达,与乳腺癌临床分期,病灶钙化以及腋窝淋巴结转移相关;血清中OPN浓度与组织mRNA表达显著相关,可能是来源于组织中的骨桥蛋白的分泌;血清OPN可以作为乳腺癌转移诊断的辅助指标,联合CA153检测诊断性能明显优于单独检测,可明显提高灵敏度,对乳腺癌早期诊断具有重要意义。     

Antitumor and immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from Sargassum fusiforme

Sargassum fusiforme (Harv.) Setchel is an ingredient of Chinese herbal medicine that has been applied for thousands of years. This study was set up to evaluate the in vivo and in vitro anti-tumor potential of the polysaccharide (SFPS) from S. fusiforme and the immune response in tumor-bearing mice. SFPS was isolated by hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation. The mice inoculated with A549 cells were orally administrated with SFPS at the doses of 100 and 200mg/kg body weight for 28 days. The effects on the growth of tumor, serum TNF-α level, splenocyte proliferation, production of cytokines from peritoneal macrophages in A549-bearing mice were measured. Meanwhile, the cytotoxicity of SFPS on A549 cell line was also studied. Results showed that SFPS could not only significantly inhibit the growth of A549 lung adenocarcinoma in mice, but also remarkably promote IL-1 and TNF-α production from peritoneal macrophages, serum TNF-α level, and splenocytes proliferation in A549-bearing mice. The results indicate that SFPS has anti-tumor properties in vivo and in vitro, and improves the immune response in tumor-bearing mice. It could act as anti-tumor agent with immunomodulatory activity.     

The -308 G/A polymorphism in TNF-α gene is associated with asthma risk: an update by meta-analysis

Background  

The −308 G/A polymorphism in TNF-α gene has been extensively investigated for association to asthma; however, results of different studies have been inconsistent. The aim of this study is to comprehensively evaluate the genetic risk of −308 G/A polymorphism in TNF-α gene for asthma.