Circulating platelet-derived microparticles and endothelium-derived microparticles may be a potential cause of microthrombosis in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Introduction

To test the hypothesis that the platelet microparticle (PMP) and endothelial microparticle (EMP) may contribute to the hypercoagulability associated with microvascular thrombosis in patients with nontraumatc osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).

Materials and methods

The study comprised 46 patients who had been diagnosed with ONFH and 20 control subjects. The plasma was ultracentrifuged, and then PMPs and EMPs were examined by the flow cytometry. The thrombotic and fibrinolytic disorders were investigated.

Results

The numbers of PMPs expressing P-selectin and CD42a and EMPs expressing E-selectin and CD31 in the ONFH patients were significantly higher than those in the controls (P < 0.001). The number of MPs was correlated with the level of the serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = 0.661, P < 0.001), but there was a poor correlation between the MPs counts and the risk factors for ONFH (P > 0.05). The mean levels PAI-1, F1 + 2, and TAT were higher in the patients with ONFH than in the controls (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The elevated numbers of PMPs and EMPs may contribute to hypercoagulability in the ONFH patients. This may provide important pathophysiological insights into the hypercoagulability associated with nontraumatic ONFH and have implications for pharmacological prevention and treatment of ONFH.     

同种异体皮质骨板移植免疫学研究

目的: 探讨实验动物和患者接受不同方法处理的同种异体皮质骨板移植后宿主免疫学反应。方法: 48只山羊接受分别经过 -70℃深低温冷冻 4周、 -70℃深低温冷冻 4周 48℃环氧乙烷灭菌、-70℃深低温冷冻 4周 25kGyγ射线辐照处理的同种异体皮质骨板移植,对照组移植异体山羊新鲜皮质骨板。7例髋关节置换术后股骨假体周围骨折患者, 接受深低温冷冻和环氧乙烷处理同种异体皮质骨板移植重建股骨骨折。检测实验动物外周血CD4 、CD8 以及患者外周血T淋巴细胞亚群、抗体、补体和循环免疫复合物。结果: 新鲜骨板移植组CD4 明显升高, 术后 6周达到顶峰。除深低温组术后 6周CD4 升高外, 深低温冷冻、深低温冷冻 环氧乙烷及深低温冷冻 γ射线辐照组T淋巴细胞亚群无明显改变。患者T淋巴细胞亚群、抗体和免疫复合物正常, 切口无感染。结论: 新鲜同种异体皮质骨板具有抗原性, 移植后诱发宿主免疫排斥反应; 深低温冷冻、深冻 环氧乙烷和深冻 γ射线辐照处理同种异体皮质骨板移植受体无明显免疫排斥反应。     

全聚乙烯胫骨假体在全膝人工关节置换中的应用

目的探讨全聚乙烯胫骨假体在全膝人工关节置换术后的临床效果。方法对21例24膝施行全聚乙烯胫骨假体的全膝人工关节置换,平均术前HSS评分为40.2分,单侧置换18例,双侧置换3例。结果术后随访2.5~4.5年,失访3例,平均随访HSS评分为86.5分(范围:80~89分),其中临床疗效优18膝,良3膝,中0膝,差3膝,优良率达87.5%。结论全聚乙烯胫骨假体的全膝人工关节置换短期疗效满意,手术技术与带金属底托胫骨假体的全膝人工关节置换术基本一致,对经济较为困难的患者是一种可供选择的假体。     

Octyl-a-cyanoacrylate adhesive in the treatment of tibial transverse fracture in rabbits

Asfracturescausedbyhighenergybecomemoreseriousandtheoccurrencegraduallyincreases,fractures,especiallycomminutedfractures,posemoredifficultiesinthetreatment.Inmanaging comminutedfractures,inappropriatestabilizationof fragmentedbonesisthemaincauseofunsuccessful internalfixationanddelayedunionornonunionof bones.Atpresent,commonlyusedmaterialsinfixation arescrews,steelwire,etc,.Stabilizationofmultiple bonefragmentsisstillthekeyinrealpractice.Octyl a cyanoacrylateadhesivehasbetterbiomechanical stre…     

The utilization of decellularized tendon slices to provide an inductive microenvironment for the proliferation and tenogenic differentiation of stem cells

The extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment for the stem cell niches, including but not limited to the biochemical composition, matrix topography, and stiffness, is crucial to stem cell proliferation and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to explore the capacity of the decellularized tendon slices (DTSs) to induce stem cell proliferation and tenogenic differentiation. Rat adult stem cells, including tendon-derived stem cells (TDSCs) and bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs), were identified to have universal stem cell characteristics. The DTSs were found to retain the native tendon ECM microenvironment cues, including the inherent surface topography, well-preserved tendon ECM biochemical composition and similar stiffness to native tendon. When the TDSCs and BMSCs were cultured on the DTSs respectively, the LIVE/DEAD assay, alamarBlue^® assay, scanning electron microscopy examination and qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated that the DTSs have the capacity to support these stem cells homogeneous distribution, alignment, significant proliferation and tenogenic differentiation. Taken together, the findings of this study indicate that the DTSs can provide a naturally inductive microenvironment for the proliferation and tenogenic differentiation of TDSCs and BMSCs, supporting the use of decellularized tendon ECM as a promising and valuable approach for tendon repair/reconstruction.     

Osteogenesis response to implanted materials in endocortical bone in rat femora

BackgroundOrthopedic surgeons and dentists often implant materials to repair bone tissue defects and restore physiological functions of bone organs. The clinical success depends on adequate bone formation in operation sites. However, the real cause of osteogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. To investigate the bone response to implanted materials, this study examined the bone tissue reaction in rat femoral medullary canal, which received gelatin and collagen as foreign-body materials.MethodsA total of 36 six-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and meanly divided into three groups. In the gelatin group, the bilateral femora received gelatin material; in the collagen group, they were implanted with type I collagen, and in the control group, the femora suffered from sham operation with no materials inserted. After 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, specimens were harvested and subjected to a series of examinations.ResultsAfter 2 weeks of healing, a significant upregulation of both alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin by both kinds of implanted materials relative to the control (sham implantation group) was seen in gene expression analysis. Strong reactivity of osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of NFκB ligand was detected in the two test groups in immunohistochemistry at 4 weeks of healing. Also, micro-CT revealed an increase in cortical bone thickness in the two test groups as compared to the control group. Densitometry showed increased bone mineral density in the bone receiving materials after 12 weeks, leading to the enhanced maximum load in the test groups.ConclusionsThese results indicated that the implanted materials led to an osteogenesis response in rat femoral medullary canal. Thus, we probably should reconsider the potential cascades of tissue reaction when utilizing orthopedic and dental implants and other materials to recover bone related-organ function and repair bone defects.     

Timing of internal fixation and effect on Schatzker Ⅳ-Ⅵ tibial plateau fractures

Objective: To study the effect of internal fixation performed at different times on therapeutic outcomes of Schatzker Ⅳ-Ⅵ tibial plateau fractures.Methods:The clinical data of 42 cases ofSchatzker Ⅳ- Ⅵ...     

钻孔减压自体松质骨打压植骨结合同种异体腓骨棒植入治疗早期股骨头坏死的近期疗效观察

目的回顾性分析钻孔减压基础上自体松质骨植入结合同种异体腓骨移植治疗早期股骨头坏死（ONFH）（塌陷前期）的近期临床疗效。方法从2009年8月至2011年5月,本组共19例（19髋）诊断为ONFH（FicatⅡ期）患者接受股骨头钻孔减压、经减压通道清除股骨头坏死骨并取转子间区自体松质骨打压植骨,经通道植入经深低温冷冻处理的同种异体腓骨棒治疗。患者年龄26～47岁,平均36.4岁,男17例,女2例。15例为酒精性ONFH,4例为激素性ONFH。其中15例为双侧ONFH,7例一侧因股骨头塌陷同时接受全髋关节置换治疗,8例因另外一侧无症状或已塌陷但临床症状不明显而接受观察、保守治疗。术前采用Harris评分系统进行患髋评分。术后予以对症治疗,定期随访、拍片复查。结果本组16例（16髋）获得随访,失访3例,其中末次电话随访3例（3髋）,平均随访14个月。Harris评分由术前74分提高到末次随访时的85分（78～96分）。酒精性ONFH患者和激素性ONFH患者之间术前及术后Harris评分无明显差别。影像学检查显示,移植同种异体腓骨位置良好,顶端位于股骨头关节面软骨下骨5～8mm,平均6.6mm,腓骨顶端于股骨头外上方负重区;无1例发生腓骨脱出。1例1髋病情进展股骨头发生塌陷,无1例接受全髋关节置换治疗。无感染（包括浅表感染和深部移植之腓骨周围感染）,无术中、术后股骨转子间或股骨颈骨折发生。结论髓芯减压结合自体松质骨移植基础上,植入同种异体腓骨对早期ONFH近期临床疗效满意,中远期临床效果尚待进一步观察。     

有效的体适能干预增强网球运动爱好者弱链接能力的研究分析

目的通过发现网球运动爱好者在网球运动中不同动力链的弱链接,进行有效的体适能干预,不仅对其弱链接的能力有所提高,还提升了运动爱好者的整体运动能力,有效地防治运动损伤。方法收集我院运动促进中心网球运动爱好者52例,日常生活中均参与相同频率和强度的网球运动,常规组在1个月周期内完成正常的运动量,体适能干预对照组在1个月周期内除了完成正常的运动量,在运动促进中心给予弱链接的专项强化即体适能干预。在运动周期前中后测评机能情况,采用体适能测试单项评分标准及等速肌力测试仪评估肌肉能力、关节活动度,进行对比研究分析。结果有效体是能干预组网球爱好者弱链接环节的肋力、关节活动度均16常规组提高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论通过对网球运动爱好者实施有效的体适能干预,不仅强化了弱链接的能力,还提升了运动爱好者的整体运动能力,争取通过改善运动弱链接的能力为不同年龄阶段的各种项目运动爱好者制定体适能干预计划时提供一个参考,值得推广。     

小切口开窗髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效观察

目的 评价小切口开窗髓核摘除术对治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床疗效,探讨其手术的优缺点、适应症及注意事项.方法 采用小切口开窗髓核摘除加侧隐窝扩大术手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症 120例.结果 所有患者均获随访,时间6个月~3 年,平均 1.1年,根据 Macnab 腰椎间盘突出症疗效评定标准,术后优 55例、良 50例、可 9例,差6例,优良率87.5%.结论 小切口开窗髓核摘除加侧隐窝扩大术能够取得良好的疗效,对脊柱稳定性破坏小,并发症少,是目前较为理想的腰椎间盘突出症手术治疗方式之一.