Effects of gliclazide on myocardial protection of isolated type 2 diabetic rat heart afforded by ischemic preconditioning

The myocardial protection afforded by ischemic preconditioning(IPC) can alleviate ischemia-reperfusion injury in normal rat heart.However,this myocardial protection is seldom studied in the type 2 diabetic rat with myocardial ischemia disease.In this study,we aimed to evaluate the effects of ATP-sensitive potassium channels(KATP channels) on IPC in the isolated type 2 diabetic rat heart and the role of the sulfonylurea gliclazide.Methods Streptozotocin(STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic male Wistar rats with or without gliclazide(64 mg /kg body weight,orally) and age-matched non-diabetic control rats were used for all studies.The isolated hearts were perfused with Langendorff’s system under the constant flow,pressure and temperature conditions with Kreb’s-Henseleit solution(K-H).After 5 minutes of balance perfusion,these rats were randomly divided into six groups:non-diabetic control rats without IPC(CIR);non-diabetic control rats with IPC(CIP);diabetic rats without IPC(DIR);diabetic rats with IPC(DIP);gliclazide-treated diabetic rats without IPC(GIR);and gliclazide-treated diabetic rats with IPC(GIP).Groups CIR,DIR,and GIR were subjected to 30-min global ischemia and 60-min reperfusion for induction of ischemia /reperfusion injury.Groups CIP,DIP,and GIP were given three cycles of 5-min ischemia and 5-min reperfusion as IPC,and then ischemia /reperfusion injury program was implemented.Extent of ischemia /reperfusion injury was measured in terms of the release of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),creatine kinase(CK),and creatin kinase-MB(CKMB) in coronary effluent.After perfusion,Kir6.2 and SUR2A mRNA expressions in the myocardial tissue were characterized by fluorescent quantitative real-time PCR method,and Kir6.2 and SUR2A protein expressions were assessed by immunohistochemistry.Result In non-diabetic control rats,the release of LDH,CK,and CK-MB in coronary effluent markedly decreased with IPC compared with No-IPC(P < 0.05),but not in diabetic rats.However,in gliclazide-treated diabetic rats,IPC-induced decrease in the release of LDH,CK,and CK-MB was restored compared with No-IPC(P < 0.05).The expressions of Kir6.2 both at mRNA and protein levels in CIP were significantly higher than those in CIR.There was no significant difference in the expression of Kir6.2 and SUR2A both at mRNA and protein levels between DIP and DIR.However,the expression of Kir6.2 both at mRNA and protein levels was significantly higher in GIP than in GIR.No significant difference was detected in the mRNA expression level of SUR2A between the six groups.The expression of SUR2A at protein level was significantly higher in CIP than in CIR and in GIP than in GIR.Conclusions The cardioprotective effect of IPC is abolished in the isolated type 2 diabetic rats compared with non-diabetic control rats.However,to some extent,gliclazide can improve the myocardial protection of IPC against ischemia /reperfusion injury,thus suggesting that it is mediated mainly by KATP channels at mRNA or protein level,which provides a basis for further investigating the effects of KATP channels on IPC.     

鼻息肉的组织病理学特征及其发病机制

目的观察鼻息肉的组织细胞学特征，探讨鼻息肉的发病机制。方法应用常规组织学方法及甲苯胺蓝特殊染色法观察134例鼻息肉组织中嗜酸性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、浆细胞、中性粒细胞和肥大细胞的浸润情况，并进行计数、分组及统计学处理。结果：134例鼻息肉组织中嗜酸性粒细胞聚集型有69例，占51．49％，淋巴细胞聚集型有52例，占38．81％，混合型有10例，占7．46％；中性粒细胞聚集型有3例，占2．24％。4组间嗜酸性粒细胞数、淋巴细胞数、肥大细胞数、中性粒细胞数和浆细胞数差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。嗜酸性粒细胞数与肥大细胞数呈负相关（r=-0．534，P〈0．01），淋巴细胞数与肥大细胞数呈正相关（r=0.601，P〈0．01），浆细胞数与肥大细胞数呈正相关（r=0．202，P〈0．05）。结论鼻息肉中嗜酸性粒细胞聚集似乎与肥大细胞及Ⅰ型变态反应无关，各种炎性细胞的浸润及相互作用是导致鼻息肉发生发展的重要环节，鼻息肉的组织病理学分型对探讨鼻息肉的者病机制有一定帮助．     

Exendin-4 relieves the inhibitory effects of high glucose on the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells

BackgroundWith the impaired regenerative potential in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are regarded as an attractive source of stem cells for periodontal cytotherapy. Recent studies have shown that Exendin-4 (Ex-4) exerts cell-protective effects and bone remodeling ability on many types of cells. The aim of this study was to investigate whether Ex-4 alleviates the inhibition of high glucose on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs.MethodsPDLSCs were incubated in medium supplemented with 5.5 mM d-glucose (NG), 30 mM d-glucose (HG), NG plus Ex-4, and HG plus different concentration (1, 10, 20, 100 nM) of Ex-4 respectively. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay and cell cycle analysis. Osteogenesis was assessed by Alizarin Red S staining and evaluation of the mRNA expression of Runx2, ALP and Osx at day 7, 14 and 21. Intracellular level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected using 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2′,7′-dichlorodihydro-fluorescein diacetate (CMH2DCF-DA).ResultsThe proliferation ability, mineralized nodules forming capacity and the mRNA expression of Runx2, ALP and Osx of PDLSCs in HG group were decreased, the ROS level was increased compared to NG group. With the treatment of Ex-4, the HG-inhibited proliferation ability and osteogenic differentiation ability of PDLSCs were significantly reversed, the HG-increased ROS level could be down-regulated. Moreover, Ex-4 enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of normal PDLSCs.ConclusionsEx-4 alleviates the inhibitory effect of HG on the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of PDLSCs, and has a significant enhance in the osteoblastic differentiation of normal PDLSCs, giving new insights into the possible therapeutic method of diabetic periodontitis.     

Successful aging and environmental factors in older individuals in urban and rural areas: A cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThe effects of the environmental factors on successful aging (SA) are not well understood. This study aimed to assess SA and related factors in older individuals in urban and rural areas, exploring differences between groups and investigating the effects of environmental factors.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study of 205 and 212 older people in urban and rural areas of Shandong Province, respectively, between March 2019 and September 2019. SA was measured using the Successful Aging Inventory (SAI). The environmental factors were assessed using the WHOQOL-100 scale. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to determine associations of different parameters with SA.ResultsThe scores of SA and environmental factors of older individuals in urban vs. rural areas were 48.79 vs. 46.14 and 128.63 vs. 107.81, respectively (both P < 0.05). All “Environment” dimensions (“Safety and physical security”, “Home environment”, “Financial resources”, “Health and social care”, “Opportunities for acquiring new information and skills”, “Participation and opportunities for leisure”, and “Transport”), except “Physical environment (pollution/noise/traffic/climate)”, were associated with SA (all P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that psychological resilience, physical activity, self-evaluation of SA, environment, social support, and hearing status were shared factors by the urban and rural older individuals.ConclusionThe SA and environmental factor scores were higher in urban older individuals compared with rural ones. Environment dimensions (except “Physical environment (pollution/noise/traffic/climate)”) were associated with SA.     

青年急性心肌梗死85例临床分析

目的　报告对 85例青年急性心肌梗死 (AMI)患者进行分析。方法　对 1994年 3月至 2 0 0 0年 12月近 7年 85例 40岁以下的青年AMI临床特点、病因、危险因素和诱发因素进行分析。结果　本组仅 1例有冠心病史 (占 1 1% ) ,余者均为冠心病的主要和次要危险因素 ,冠状动脉粥样硬化是青年AMI的主要病因 ,而吸烟和高血脂是主要危险因素 ,青年AMI男性多于女性 ,发病诱因多样 ,并发症少 ,死亡率低 ,预后好。结论　青年AMI危险因素以高血脂为多 ,故培养青年良好生活习惯 ,戒烟 ,治疗和控制高血脂对预防青年AMI有重要意义     

血清基质金属蛋白酶9及其组织抑制因子1在2型糖尿病大血管病变时的表达

目的:基质金属蛋白酶9及其组织抑制因子1是否与2型糖尿病大血管病变有关相关实验结果不尽相同。观察2型糖尿病患者基质金属蛋白酶9及其组织抑制因子1的表达,并探讨两者与2型糖尿病大血管病变的关系。方法:①对象和分组:选择2004-06/12青岛市立医院内分泌科住院及门诊糖尿病患者80例。分为:单纯2型糖尿病组40例[年龄(64.17±10.98)岁;病程(4.0±2.2)年];合并大血管病变组40例[年龄(60.1±10.67)岁;病程(5.1±2.4)年]。选择同期健康体检者40例为正常对照组[年龄(58.65±7.99)岁];各组年龄、性别构成比、体质量指数及腰臀比差异无著性。②方法及评估:采用酶联免疫吸附法测受试者血清中的基质金属蛋白酶9和基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子1的水平。结果:①单纯2型糖尿病组、2型糖尿病合并大血管病变组血清基质金属蛋白酶9及其组织抑制因子1水平显著高于正常对照组(P<0.001);大血管病变组血清中基质金属蛋白酶9及其组织抑制因子1的水平又显著高于单纯2型糖尿病组。②经多元逐步回归分析显示,血清基质金属蛋白酶9水平与总胆固醇、收缩压、糖化血红蛋白呈正相关(P<0.01或P<0.05);血清基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子1水平与总胆固醇、舒张压呈正相关(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:基质金属蛋白酶9、基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子1可能是糖尿病大血管病变的循环标志物之一。两项指标的检测对监测2型糖尿病大血管病变的发生、发展有重要的临床意义。     

PPAR-γ在人前列腺癌组织及裸鼠移植瘤中的表达

目的 研究PPAR-γ在人前列腺癌组织及裸鼠移植瘤中的表达,分析PPAR-γ的表达与前列腺癌临床病理特征之间的关系,探讨曲格列酮抑制前列腺癌的作用.方法 采用免疫组化法检测成人前列腺组织、前列腺增生组织、前列腺癌组织及裸鼠移植瘤PPAP-γ蛋白表达,并通过图像分析测定各组的平均吸光度值.建立人前列腺癌细胞的裸鼠移植瘤模型,观察曲格列酮对移植瘤生长的抑制作用.结果 PPAR-γ在前列腺癌组织中的表达高于成人前列腺组织与前列腺增生组织.PPAR-γ的表达与细胞分化程度、TNM分期有密切关系.与对照组相比,曲格列酮可明显抑制前列腺癌裸鼠移植瘤生长速度.肿瘤体积、重量明显减少;PPAR-γ蛋白表达增加.结论 PPAR-γ表达与前列腺癌的临床病理特征密切相关.曲格列酮对前列腺癌的抑制作用是通过PPAR-γ受体激活发挥其抗肿瘤作用.     

Ⅰ类整合子与鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性相关性研究

目的 了解鲍曼不动杆菌整合子分布情况,探讨Ⅰ类整合子与其耐药性的关系.方法 琼脂稀释法检测65株鲍曼不动杆菌耐药率,聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测Ⅰ～Ⅲ类整合子基因;对Ⅰ类整合子阳性菌株进行可变区扩增及序列分析.结果 Ⅰ类整合子检出率为60%(39/65),未检出Ⅱ、Ⅲ类整合子;Ⅰ类整合子阳性菌株对14种抗菌药物的耐药率高于阴性菌株(P＜0.05);92%(36/39)的Ⅰ类整合子阳性菌株可变区扩增阳性,序列分析显示携带3种耐药基因aacA4、aadA1和catB8.结论 Ⅰ类整合子与鲍曼不动杆菌耐药性密切相关,在鲍曼不动杆菌多药耐药性形成机制中起重要作用.     

椎体成形治疗伴椎体裂隙骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折

背景：临床实践证明经皮椎体成形治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折有显著的疗效。 目的：比较经皮椎体成形治疗伴或不伴椎体内裂隙样变骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的治疗效果,以确定椎体成形治疗椎体裂隙样变骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的有效性和安全性。 方法：选择骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者76例,分两组,实验组27例伴椎体内裂隙样变,对照组49例不伴椎体内裂隙样变。采用椎体成形治疗后,比较两组间目测类比评分和Oswesty功能障碍指数值、椎体前缘高度的变化,以及发生骨水泥外漏的类型和特点。 结果与结论：两组治疗后的目测类比评分、Oswesty功能障碍指数值均明显低于治疗前(P < 0.05),治疗后两组间目测类比评分、Oswesty功能障碍指数值及骨水泥外漏发生率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。两组治疗后的伤椎高度与治疗前比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。说明椎体成形是减轻伴或不伴有椎体裂隙骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者疼痛,改善脊柱活动功能及提高患者社会活动能力的有效方法,但不能有效恢复椎体高度。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程全文链接：