血府逐瘀汤对实验性脑出血大鼠活化Caspase-3表达的影响

目的观察血府逐瘀汤对脑出血模型大鼠颅内血肿周围神经元活化Caspase-3的干预作用。方法用Ⅶ胶原酶注射诱导大鼠脑出血模型,免疫组化检测血肿周围活化Caspase-3的表达。结果Ⅶ胶原酶造模后模型组血肿周围于6h出现Caspase-3阳性表达细胞,1d阳性细胞计数达高峰,以后逐渐下降,与假手术组差异明显(P<0.01)。血府逐瘀汤治疗组组与模型组比较:6h计数无明显差异,1d,3d,5d三个时间点,给药组阳性细胞数量显著减少,细胞着色变浅。(P<0.01)。结论血府逐瘀汤下调脑出血大鼠血肿周围活化Caspase-3的表达,抑制神经细胞凋亡,可能是其疗效机理之一。     

急性胰腺炎128例临床综合治疗结果分析

目的 观察应用ICU监护治疗急性胰腺炎的临床效果。方法 2004年1月。2005年12月共经ICU监护治疗的急性胰腺炎患者27例（治疗组）。非ICU监护治疗（建立ICU前）的急性胰腺炎患者101例（对照组），两组患者从性别、年龄、治疗效果、手术例数、临床指标恢复正常时间分别进行分析统计。结果 无论MAP或SAP，治疗组和对照组从疗效、手术例数、临床指标恢复正常时间三方面进行比较：治疗组疗效优于对照组。治疗组手术患者例数、临床指标恢复正常时间都少于对照组。结论 通过ICU监护治疗急性胰腺炎是一种行之有效的处理方法。     

中药防治癌前病变现状及其机制

中药在防治食道癌前病变、口腔癌前病变、鼻咽癌前病变、胃癌前病变、肝癌前病变和宫颈癌前病变等方面取得了显著成效,其逆转癌前病变主要是通过调节细胞周期调控基因,细胞生长、增殖、分化调控基因及相关蛋白基因,细胞凋亡基因,转录因子等表达来发挥作用,另外中药还可对端粒酶活性、DNA水平等进行调整,也可能通过改善免疫相关基因如细胞黏附分子来提高机体的抗癌变能力。     

石辛牙痛口含片治疗胃火牙痛的临床研究

目的 研究石辛牙痛口含片对胃火牙痛的疗效。方法 选择胃火牙痛患者152例，随机分为实验组（石辛牙痛口含片组）114例，对照组（牛黄解毒片组）38例。采用随机、双盲、双模拟、阳性药（牛黄解毒片）平行对照研究方法。结果 两组结果比较显示：实验组疗效明显优于对照组，差异有显著性。结论 石辛牙痛口含片是治疗胃火牙痛一种可供选择的、且无明显全身毒副作用的、有效的治疗药物。     

Measuring the expressed emotion in Chinese family caregivers of persons with dementia: Validation of a Chinese version of the Family Attitude Scale

BackgroundExpressed emotion (EE) captures the affective quality of the relationship between family caregivers and their care recipients and is known to increase the risk of poor health outcomes for caregiving dyads. Little is known about expressed emotion in the context of caregiving for persons with dementia, especially in non-Western cultures. The Family Attitude Scale (FAS) is a psychometrically sound self-reporting measure for EE. Its use in the examination of caregiving for patients with dementia has not yet been explored.ObjectivesThis study was performed to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the FAS (FAS-C) in Chinese caregivers of relatives with dementia, and its validity in predicting severe depressive symptoms among the caregivers.MethodsThe FAS was translated into Chinese using Brislin's model. Two expert panels evaluated the semantic equivalence and content validity of this Chinese version (FAS-C), respectively. A total of 123 Chinese primary caregivers of relatives with dementia were recruited from three elderly community care centers in Hong Kong. The FAS-C was administered with the Chinese versions of the 5-item Mental Health Inventory (MHI-5), the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) and the Revised Memory and Behavioral Problem Checklist (RMBPC).ResultsThe FAS-C had excellent semantic equivalence with the original version and a content validity index of 0.92. Exploratory factor analysis identified a three-factor structure for the FAS-C (hostile acts, criticism and distancing). Cronbach's alpha of the FAS-C was 0.92. Pearson's correlation indicated that there were significant associations between a higher score on the FAS-C and greater caregiver burden (r = 0.66, p < 0.001), poorer mental health of the caregivers (r = −0.65, p < 0.001) and a higher level of dementia-related symptoms (frequency of symptoms: r = 0.45, p < 0.001; symptom disturbance: r = 0.51, p < 0.001), which serves to suggest its construct validity. For detecting severe depressive symptoms of the family caregivers, the receiving operating characteristics (ROC) curve had an area under curve of 0.78 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.69–0.87, p < 0.0001). The optimal cut-off score was >47 with a sensitivity of 0.720 (95% CI = 0.506–0.879) and specificity of 0.742 (95% CI = 0.643–0.826).ConclusionsThe FAS-C is a reliable and valid measure to assess the affective quality of the relationship between Chinese caregivers and their relatives with dementia. It also has acceptable predictability in identifying family caregivers with severe depressive symptoms.     

人文社科期刊国际化研究综述

【目的】 人文社科期刊国际化是全球人文思想传播和文化交流的重要方式,随着中国特色哲学社会科学“三大体系”工作的推进,人文社科期刊国际化成为新文科建设理念下一个紧迫的研究课题。【方法】 以CNKI、WoS、Google Scholar为文献来源,结合计量方法获取相关文献,通过文献阅读法,构建“抽象化—具体化—标准化”的研究思路。【结果】 对人文社科期刊国际化的基础研究、特征标准、评价指标“三方内容”进行综述,分析人文社科期刊国际化研究存在的“四个挑战”:发展进程缓慢、意识形态差异、评价体系构建难题、期刊自身制约。【结论】 对未来人文社科期刊研究提出了加强基础研究、解决国际本土之争、深化区域合作、推动数据驱动、创新评价方法的“五大展望”。     

中青年视网膜静脉阻塞危险因素研究进展

视网膜静脉阻塞(RVO)是仅次于糖尿病视网膜病变的第二大致盲性眼底疾病,主要以老年患者为主,但中青年RVO患者致盲率较高。发病原因与全身脑微血管病变有一定的相关性。为明确中青年RVO可能发病原因,本文系统回顾分析了中青年RVO的危险因素,发现其发病率随年龄增长而增加,发病的眼别大致相当,且本病男性发病率高于女性。传统的发病因素如高血压病、糖尿病、青光眼仍是中青年RVO高危因素,同时有其独特的病因,炎症与中青年RVO密切有关。其他如亲血栓危险因素、高同型半胱氨酸血症在RVO中的作用仍有争议。此外,吸烟会增加RVO的风险,社会经济地位似乎也是一个风险因素。因此中青年RVO致病因素复杂多样,多与脑、心血管等重要疾病有关。     

Risk of stroke in imaging-proven subclavian steal syndrome

To determine the risk of stroke in patients with subclavian steal syndrome (SSS). We identified 165 patients with imaging-proven SSS from two hospitals. Demographic, clinical and imaging data were retrospectively collected. Patients were followed up for stroke events. Stroke occurred in 43 patients with a median follow-up of 28 months. Seven of these cases were identified prospectively and 36 cases retrospectively. On multivariate analysis, presence of symptoms at presentation (p = 0.029) was a significant predictor of stroke. Presence of symptoms at presentation predicted stroke in imaging-proven SSS.