Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) as potential non-invasive biomarkers for early cancer detection

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecules,which are associated with specific proteins to form small nucleolar ribonucleoparticles.However,the function of snoRNAs in cancer still remains elusive.Recently,several independent lines of evidence have indicated that these ncRNAs might have crucial roles in controlling tumorigenesis,and snoRNAs could be potential biomarkers for cancer.     

LC-MS/MS法测定人血浆中的凡德他尼

目的建立LC-MS/MS测定人血浆中凡德他尼浓度的方法。方法用甲基-叔丁醚液液萃取法处理血浆样品,色谱柱:Intersil ODS-3 RP18柱;流动相:0.02 mol.L-1乙酸铵缓冲液(pH=3)-乙腈(70∶30);流速:200 mL.min-1;电喷雾电离源(ESI)离子化,多反应离子监测方式测定。结果凡德他尼血药浓度在5～1000 ng.mL-1范围线性良好,低、中、高浓度的绝对回收率分别为95.4%,102.4%,97.2%;批内、批间精密度良好(RSD<10%)。结论该方法稳定、准确、灵敏、快速、特异性强,可用于该药临床药代动力学研究。     

人视网膜星形胶质细胞发育及起源的研究

背景 视网膜星形胶质细胞是视网膜主要的神经胶质细胞,其起源及演变过程一直是国内外研究的热点和难点. 目的 探讨人胚胎眼视网膜星形胶质细胞的起源及发育.方法 收集33例自愿终止妊娠的流产人胚胎眼标本,其中8 ～12孕周者20例,15～ 17孕周者2例,19～ 23孕周者4例,25～ 28孕周者4例,30 ～32孕周者3例.对眼球壁切片进行常规组织病理学检查以观察不同胚龄人视网膜发育的形态学变化,分别采用免疫组织化学法及免疫荧光法动态观察不同胚龄人视网膜星形胶质细胞起源位点及发育过程中胶质纤维酸性蛋白( GFAP)表达的变化.结果 人胚6～7周视杯处于视网膜分层发育阶段,9周时视杯内层原无细胞层出现分化不成熟的圆短梭形细胞；胚龄15周时视网膜主要层次可见,分化的细胞增加,但未发现GFAP阳性细胞；胚龄19周视网膜可见梭形细胞从返折部原始神经上皮迁出,并可见这些细胞中GFAP呈阳性表达；胚龄25～ 26周后极部视网膜可见GFAP表达阳性的梭形细胞,这些细胞围绕视网膜血管分布,与血管壁联系密切,邻近锯齿缘处的视网膜内层可见表达GFAP的星形或梭形细胞与睫状体非色素上皮相连,但锯齿缘稍后与赤道区之间并未见GFAP阳性细胞；胚龄28周,视网膜星形胶质细胞呈典型的星状,其突起伸达视网膜内网状层. 结论 人视网膜星形胶质细胞至少存在3个起源位点,即血管前体细胞/周皮细胞、视盘旁原始神经上皮及邻近锯齿缘的睫状体无色素上皮.     

Establishment and characterization of arsenic trioxide resistant KB/ATO cells

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is used as a chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia. However, increasing drug resistance is reducing its efficacy. Therefore, a better understanding of ATO resistance mechanism is required. In this study, we established an ATO-resistant human epidermoid carcinoma cell line, KB/ATO, from its parental KB-3-1 cells. In addition to ATO, KB/ATO cells also exhibited cross-resistance to other anticancer drugs such as cisplatin, antimony potassium tartrate, and 6-mercaptopurine. The arsenic accumulation in KB/ATO cells was significantly lower than that in KB-3-1 cells. Further analysis indicated that neither application of P-glycoprotein inhibitor, breast cancer resistant protein (BCRP) inhibitor, or multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1) inhibitor could eliminate ATO resistance. We found that the expression level of ABCB6 was increased in KB/ATO cells. In conclusion, ABCB6 could be an important factor for ATO resistance in KB/ATO cells. The ABCB6 level may serve as a predictive biomarker for the effectiveness of ATO therapy.     

Cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) in the treatment of stage IE/IIE extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type: 13-year follow-up in 135 patients

We conducted a retrospective study of 135 patients of stage IE/IIE extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKTL) treated with CHOP as induction chemotherapy to find some valuable prognostic factors and analyze the usefulness of International Prognostic Index (IPI) and Korean Prognostic Index (KPI) in predicting prognosis. Most of the patients were in the low-risk group (IPI score 0?C1). Complete remission (CR) after induction chemotherapy was achieved in 31.8?% of the patients, which increased to 69.6?% after radiotherapy. The 2-, 5-, and 10-year overall survival (OS) rates were 60, 48, and 43?%, respectively. Patients with better performance status (ECOG 0-1), normal serum LDH level, without local invasiveness, low KPI scores, and IPI score of 0 had significantly better overall survival (P?<?0.05) in univariate analysis. Using multivariate analysis, we identified serum LDH level, ECOG PS score and local invasiveness to be independent prognostic factors. In conclusion, ENKTL is an aggressive lymphoma that shows heterogeneity. The IPI and KPI score systems should be improved further to classify patients into different groups, and should be validated in larger prospective trials. Due to the multi-drug resistance mechanism of ENKTL, CHOP is no longer the state of art and novel drugs should be incorporated into future treatments.     

临床教师职业倦怠的相关影响因素分析

目的探讨职业倦怠的主要影响因素及与教学质量的相关性。方法对97名参与临床教学的医护人员进行调查,分析职业倦怠现状、影响因素,及职业倦怠与教学质量的相关性。结果97名临床教师中,存在轻度倦怠41例(42.27%),中度倦怠23例(23.71%),重度倦怠9例(9.28%),合计共有73名临床教师存在职业倦怠(75.26%)。女性情感耗竭维度得分高于男性(P<0.05)。不同职称者情感耗竭、人格解体和成就感降低3个维度得分均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:婚姻状况和职称为职业倦怠的风险因素(P<0.05)。轻度倦怠与重度倦怠者社会支持利用度得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Spearman等级相关分析结果显示:职业倦怠程度与教学质量评议分数无相关性(P>0.05),职称与教学质量评议分数有正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论临床教师职业倦怠强度与职称、婚姻状况有关。临床教师职称与教学质量正相关。     

“一带一路”背景下医学留学生计算机基础教育探讨

以中山大学中山医学院的医学留学生计算机基础教育课程为例，分析医学留学生教育基本情况和信息素养，构建“一带一路”背景下面向国际的数字化医生课程体系，阐述课程总体目标和主要内容以及多元化教学模式在课程中的应用，以期更好地适应国际社会对医学人才的需要。