肺纤维化大鼠肺组织细胞凋亡及Fas/FasL基因的表达

目的:检测大鼠肺纤维化时肺组织细胞凋亡及Fas/FasL 基因的表达,探讨细胞凋亡在肺纤维化过程中的作用.方法:通过博来霉素复制大鼠肺纤维化模型,同时设立正常对照组,采用TUNEL法、RT-PCR 和Western Blot法检测肺组织细胞凋亡、Fas/FasL mRNA以及蛋白的表达.结果:肺纤维化模型复制成功;模型组肺组织细胞凋亡率、Fas/FasL mRNA和蛋白表达均显著高于对照组.结论:细胞凋亡及Fas/FasL基因表达的上调在博来霉素致大鼠肺纤维化发生、发展的过程中起了重要作用.     

半枝莲多糖提取工艺及其免疫活性初步研究

目的: 优选半枝莲多糖水提取工艺,并对半枝莲多糖进行免疫活性研究.方法: 采用苯酚-硫酸法测定多糖含量,以多糖得率为考察指标,选定温度、时间、提取次数和固液比四因素进行L9(34)正交试验.采用环磷酰胺复制方法构建免疫抑制小鼠动物模型,通过腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验以及血清溶血素抗体生成实验,考察半枝莲粗多糖对免疫抑制小鼠免疫功能的影响.结果: 在实验设计水平范围内,水提取最佳工艺条件为温度100 ℃、提取次数3次、时间3 h、固液比1∶ 14.该工艺条件下半枝莲多糖得率为1.46%,多糖含量为53.25%.在实验浓度范围内,半枝莲多糖对免疫抑制小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能未见明显增强效果;大剂量(300 mg/kg)半枝莲多糖能显著提高血清溶血素抗体水平,与是否脱蛋白无关.结论: 该优化工艺可用于半枝莲多糖的提取,大剂量半枝莲多糖具有一定的免疫活性.     

烫伤大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴激素动态变化的观察

目的: 动态观察烫伤大鼠下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴激素水平的变化,为临床治疗和预后提供理论依据. 方法: 将雄性SD大鼠60只随机分对照组、烫伤1组(造模1天)、烫伤2组(造模5天)、烫伤3组(造模10天)、烫伤4组(造模15天)和烫伤5组(造模20天)共6组.取血浆用于检测促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)、皮质醇和醛固酮.结果: 与对照组相比,烫伤模型1,2,3,4组血浆ACTH、皮质醇和醛固酮含量明显升高(P＜0.05),尤在10天左右达到最高峰,但到达15天已开始下降,而烫伤模型5组即造模后20天ACTH、皮质醇和醛固酮趋于正常水平,与对照组相比无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论: 大鼠烫伤早期下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质轴激素水平出现应激性的持续性上升,对机体具有重要的保护作用,而到烫伤后期由于肾上腺皮质功能的减退而开始下降,应引起高度重视.     

军人情景特质应对方式量表的研制

目的编制中国军人情景特质应对方式量表。方法依据应对理论，研制中国军人情景特质应对方式量表，初量表含18种军人常见应激情景，分别归类为6个情景分量表，1个掩饰分量表，共有条目110条。随机整群抽取官兵752名进行测试，1周后对其中41名官兵进行重测，并对50名官兵同时测试本量表、艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）及中国军人心理健康量表（CMMHS）。通过探索性因子分析及相关分析等，检验量表的信度和效度。结果正式量表含有90个条目，两个公因子。总量表及2公因子的Cronbach α系数分别为0．893，0．940，0．933，均P〈0．01；重测信度为0．690，0．813，0．636，均P〈0．01。量表与EPQ及CMMHS的大部分因子具有显著的相关性。结论军人情景特质应对方式量表的信度和效度符合心理测量学原则。     

Caco-2细胞模型及其对黄酮类成分作用机制研究进展

Caco-2细胞模型作为ADME/Tox研究平台中肠吸收模型之一,已广泛用于药物动力学研究,可通过体外试验预测药物在体内的吸收和代谢,阐明药物在体内的吸收机制、毒性、药物吸收过程中的相互作用、药物的化学结构和体内转运关系以及药物代谢稳定性等。以黄酮类成分为代表,介绍Caco-2细胞模型在中药有效成分吸收代谢机制研究方面的应用进展。     

A systematic review on genetic diversity of var gene DBL1α domain from different geographical regions in Plasmodium falciparum isolates

BackgroundThe major variant surface antigen (VSA) in Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) encoded by var gene family has an important role in cytoadhesion/sequestration and rosetting by adhesion of uninfected erythrocytes to infected erythrocytes leading to disease severity. DBL1α domain in the PfEMP-1, protein is crucial in the cytoadhesion phenomena in P. falciparum infections and this review aims to analyse the genetic diversity of DBL1α domain sequences in PfEMP-1 from different geographical regions globally.MethodsAll available DBL1α sequence data was reviewed by using the electronic database PubMed, ResearchGate, Google, Google scholar, MEDLINE with the following Keywords-Plasmodium falciparum”, “var gene”, “DBL1α”, “field isolate”, “diversity”, “polymorphism”, “Africa”, “America”, “Asia” and “Caribbean” from different geographical regions across the world.ResultsA total of 240 studies were identified initially but only 20 studies qualified for this systematic review. The overall ratio of distinct sequences DBL1α domain was 24.62/1167 the highest in African region (33.59/766 isolates) and lowest in South America (5.6/215 isolates). In the 18 included studies, the presence of distinct DBL1α sequences was the highest in Oceania 55.32% (1186/2144) followed by Africa (38.43%), Asia (22.45%) and South America (16.48%), though the sample size in Oceania was comparatively smaller to that of Africa and South America.ConclusionThis review highlights the ratio and percentage of distinct sequences of DBL1α domain of var gene in different geographical regions giving an idea of the existing diversity prevalent in this potential vaccine target gene which may contribute to designing the preventive measures towards disease severity.     

银杏酸的高效液相色谱法测定

目的建立银杏酸的简便预净化处理和HPLC含量测定方法。方法用LC/DAD/ESI/MS对银杏酸进行定性鉴定。银杏叶经正己烷提取、硅胶柱色谱净化处理,HPLC测定。色谱分析条件:色谱柱为Inertsil ODS-2,流动相为甲醇-3% HAc溶液(92∶8),流速1.0 mL·min^-1,柱温40℃,紫外检测波长310 nm。结果银杏叶中存在5种银杏酸C13∶0,C15∶0,C15∶1,C17∶1和C17∶2,其中C15∶1和C17∶1约占银杏酸的85%,C17∶2银杏酸未见国内文献报道。银杏叶提取物经硅胶柱色谱处理后,其HPLC谱中除银杏酸峰外,几无其他杂质峰。平均回收率97.0%,RSD为1.7%(N=6)。结论该方法准确、简便、可靠,可用于银杏酸的定量分析。     

Endothelial cell surface vimentin binding peptide induces angiogenesis under hypoxic/ischemic conditions

We have previously identified several angiogenic peptides that bind cell surface proteins by screening a phage display peptide library on human umbilical endothelial cells exposed to hypoxic conditions. In this study we describe one of the selected peptides, SP. We found by protein precipitation of endothelial cell lysates that the 12 amino acid SP peptide binds cell surface vimentin. Surprisingly, vimentin was detected on the cell surface of about 30% of intact endothelial cells under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions, as was demonstrated by fluorocytometric analysis on viable cells. The assessment of SP in the induction of angiogenesis was established by a significant increase in endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation under hypoxic conditions and not under normoxic conditions. Cell proliferation and tube length increased two-fold in endothelial cells in the presence of 10 ng/ml SP peptide when compared to controls. The specificity of SP binding to vimentin was demonstrated by SP inhibition of anti-vimentin binding and by the inhibition of tube formation in cells transfected with siRNA against vimentin. Local intramuscular administrations of the peptide SP to ischemic hind limbs using the mouse hind limb ischemia model, demonstrated that SP inoculated at 1 and 10 μg, improved blood perfusion compared to inoculations with an irrelevant peptide or PBS. The recovery of blood perfusion correlated with the increase in the number of detectable capillaries in the ischemic limb. The development of novel peptides for the induction of pro-angiogenic activity may pave the way for new therapeutic strategies in the treatment of cardiovascular ischemic diseases.     

Recombinant murine cytomegalovirus vector activates human monocyte-derived dendritic cells in a NF-κB dependent pathway

To evaluate the potential use of recombinant murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) as an antigen delivery vector, we examined the cytokine and CD80 and CD86 expression profiles of MCMV encoding either enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (MCMV-EGFP) or human immunodeficiency virus-1 glycoprotein gp120 gene (MCMV-gp120) infected monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DC) and investigated the role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in Mo-DC activation. Results showed that MCMV triggered the induction of inflammatory cytokines and/or CD80 and CD86 up-regulation in Mo-DC. UV-inactivated MCMV exhibited a reduced production of inflammatory cytokines and a lowered expression of CD80 and CD86 compared with live MCMV infection. Treatment of cells with a NF-κB peptide inhibitor prior to MCMV infection reduced the induction of cytokines and CD80 and CD86 up-regulation. Overall, the results suggest that recombinant MCMV vectors activate human Mo-DC in a NF-κB dependent pathway. The abortive infection or de novo gene expression greatly enhances the activation of Mo-DC by MCMV vectors.