老年患者用药的依从性护理

依从性指患者在就医后其行为与临床医嘱的符合程度，即遵循医嘱的行为活动。老年人疾病复杂病程长，用药多而依从性差，影响药物疗效。我们实行依从性护理后，提高了用药依从性，为治疗提供了保障。现报告如下。     

三氧化二砷治疗原发性浆细胞白血病复发一例

患，女，71岁，因面色苍白、乏力2个月，反复齿龈和鼻出血20d于2000年8月6日入院，有原发性高血压病史10年，服降压药能较好控制血压有青光眼史。查体：体温38．4℃，血压165／95mmHg，神志清，精神可，贫血貌，浅表淋巴结不肿大，下肢皮肤见少许散在小瘀斑，胸骨无压痛，肺部听诊未见异常，心尖区闻及Ⅱ级收缩期杂音，肝肋缘下1cm，脾肋缘下2cm。     

海绵窦上段动眼神经的应用解剖研究

目的：探讨海绵窦上段动眼神经的应用解剖并讨论其临床意义。方法：经血管灌注后观测10例尸颅的海绵窦上段动眼神经及其毗邻与血供。结果：海绵窦上段动眼神经与海绵窦上段背侧紧邻海马钩回，内侧与视交叉、后交通动脉毗邻，外上与脉络膜前动脉相邻，腹侧紧贴鞍背突。海绵窦上段动眼神经80％未见神经外营养血管，可见20％后交通动脉发出1～2根分支进入神经。结论：海绵窦上段动眼神经毗邻结构复杂，滋养血管细小；在海绵窦上缘手术时，应特别注意辨认和保护动眼神经。     

心理护理在患者角色改变中的应用

2005年1月～12月,为了探讨心理护理在患者角色改变中的应用,我们对50例患者进行心理护理,取得满意效果.现报告如下.……     

法洛三联症并发薄基底膜肾病一例

法洛三联症与薄基底膜肾病均非少见病,但两者发生于同一个体却十分罕见,我科曾收治1例,报告如下.     

白内障摘除术后晶状体前囊膜收缩综合征临床病理分析三例

连续环形撕囊（continuous eurvilinear capsulorhexis,CCC)是现代超声乳化白内障吸除术中常用的打开晶状体前囊膜的方法，其优点很多，但同时也可引发新的手术并发症，如晶状体前囊膜收缩综合征（capsule contraction syndrome,CCS)。     

腋臭术后简易负压引流器的制作和应用

我科应用自行设计的简易负压引流装置为腋臭患者术后引流皮瓣下积血、积液,加快手术创口愈合,效果满意,现报告如下.     

不同门奇断流术式对门静脉高压症犬食管下段血管再生的影响

Objective To explore the effect on blood vessel regeneration of distal esophagus in ca-nines of portal hypertension with liver cirrhosis after different procedures with paraesophagastrie devascular-ization. Methods Portal hypertension models were produced in canines by subcutaneous injection of 60% CC14 combined with food restriction. Forty eight model canines were randomly divided into 4 groups: group A, traditional paraesophagastrie devascularization;group B, selective paraesophagastric devascularization;group C, paraesophagastric devascularization plus distal esophageal transaction and reanastomosis with sta-pler;group D,control group. Every group had 12 canines which were randomly divided into A1 ,B1 ,C1 ,D1, A2,B2,C2 and D2 groups after the operation. Canines in groups A1 ,B1 ,C1 and D1 were executed at first month after the operation,and those in groups A2, B2, C2 and D2 were executed at the 6th month after the operation. The distal esophagus was segmented when the canines were executed. The upside and downside of the stoma in group C were distinguished and signed as Ca and Cb. Immunohistochemieal methods were used to detect VEGF,CD34 and FVⅧ-Rag,blood vessel-related factors,in lower esophagus. Results The expres-sion levels of VEGF and CD34 MVD,FⅧ-Rag MVD in groups A1 ,B1 and C1 were lower than those in group D1 one month after the operation (P <0.05). All the indices in group B1 were lower than those in groups A1 and Clb,but higher than those in group Cla (P <0.05). The indices in group Cla were lower than those in group C1b (P < 0.05 ). The indices in groups A2 and B2 were higher than those in groups A1 and B1, re-spectively at the 6th month after the operation (P <0.05). They were higer in outer membrane in group C1a than in group C2a (P <0.05). The indices in group C2b were higher than those in group Clb (P<0.05). Conclusion At the first month after operation, the expression of blood vessel-related factors was declined in three different procedures of paraesophagastric devascularization,which indicated that all three different pro-cedures could diminish the vessels in distal esophagus. The effect in group C was most obvious among all groups. At the 6th month after traditional paraesophagastrie devascularization and selective paraesophagastrie devascularization, the expression of blood vessel-related factors in distal esophagus was declined. But there were no significant changes in the expression of blood vessel-related factors in distal esophagus after parae-sophagastric devascularization plus distal esophageal transaction and reanastomosis with stapler. It indicated that the blood vessel regeneration in paraesophagastric devascularization pins distal esophageal transaction and reanastomosis with stapler was inferior to that in other procedures.     

VEGF、EGF在再生障碍性贫血患者血清中的表达及意义

目的 检测再生障碍性贫血患者血清中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)与表皮生长因子(EGF)的浓度,探讨VEGF和EGF在再生障碍性贫血患者血液中的表达及二者之间的关系和意义.方法 应用酶联免疫技术(ELISA法)检测20例再障患者及40名健康人血清中VEGF和EGF浓度.结果 20例再生障碍性贫血患者血清VEGF的含量为50.5±34.8pg/ml,对照组血清VEGF的含量为108.5±50.6 pg/ml,两组比较有统计学意义(P＜0.05).20例再生障碍性贫血患者血清EGF含量为0.15±0.11 μg/L,40例正常对照组血清EGF含量为0.76±0.80 μg/L.结论 再生障碍性贫血患者血清VEGF、EGF浓度显著低于健康对照组,且二者呈显著正相关.     

21例心内直视术后急性心包填塞的临床分析

目的:分析21例心内直视术后急性心包填塞的临床特点,探讨其发生原因、预防、救治及其二次开胸的早期指征。方法:对1991年1月-2005年12月心内直视术(共1096例)后21例急性心包填塞二次开胸(发生率1．92％)病例进行总结分析。结果:急性心包填塞患者经二次剖胸解除心包填塞后17例痊愈出院,4例死亡,二次剖胸手术死亡率为19．05％。二次剖胸手术者所患疾病包括先天性心脏病6例,瓣膜病13例,大血管手术1例,心脏移植1例。结论:减少心内直视术后出血、渗血是避免术后发生急性心包填塞的关键,早期诊断并尽早行二次剖胸手术可明显降低围手术期死亡率。