组织工程血管管状支架的制备与动态培养在血管组织工程中的应用

目的探索体外构建组织工程血管及细胞种植的方法。方法(1)制备管状支架模具,采用模具成形,冷冻干燥等技术,应用胶原和透明质酸复合体外预构管状支架;(2)分动态种植和静态培养两组进行细胞分层种植,每组12个,应用水溶性磺酸四唑(WST-1)测定,扫描电镜观察,5-溴2-脱氧嘧啶核苷(BrdU)细胞标记鉴定比较两种方法的细胞生长情况。结果(1)成功制备了管状支架,在培养液中约3周可保持管腔形态不变形,不塌陷;2.WST-1测定值在培养6、14、20 d分别为:动态组0.842±0.110、1.124±0.102、1.132±0.112,静态组0.386±0.121、0.489±0.245、0.499±0.265,两组比较差异有统计学意义,电镜和BrdU标记表明动态组细胞排列整齐有序。结论应用模具成形,冷冻干燥技术预构管状支架的方法切实可行,动态培养有助于细胞种植,本研究为组织工程血管的构建方法提供了思路。     

Quality of life and associations with health-related behaviours among older adults with increased cardiovascular risk

Background and aimsA better understanding of the relationship between cardiovascular disease risk factors and quality of life (QoL) in older age is needed to inform development of risk reduction strategies. This cross-sectional study investigated the association of QoL with health-related behaviours in older adults at risk of heart failure.Methods and resultsOlder adults (N = 328) at risk of heart failure residing in Melbourne, Australia, provided data on QoL and health-related behaviours including physical activity, diet, smoking and alcohol consumption. Multiple linear regression modelling was used to examine associations between health-related behaviours, QoL and its constituent domains. After adjustment for age, gender, body mass index and comorbidities, current smoking was found to have a negative association with the mental component score (MCS) of QoL (β = ?0.174, p ≤ 0.01), with a positive association seen between MCS and physical activity (β = 0.130, p = 0.01). Current alcohol use had a positive association with the physical component score (PCS) (β = 0.120, p = 0.02) and saturated fat intake consumption had a negative association with the physical functioning domain of QoL (β = ?0.105, p = 0.03) but was not associated with either PCS or MCS.ConclusionEngagement of older adults at increased cardiovascular risk with behavioural risk factor modification using QoL as a driver of change may offer new opportunities to promote healthy ageing. Development of such strategies should consider that for some behaviours which are cardiovascular risk factors (alcohol intake, in particular), the positive association to QoL is complicated and needs further deliberation.     

Fetuin-A to adiponectin ratio is an independent indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

AimsThe purpose of this research was to explore the associations of fetuin-A, adiponectin, and fetuin-A/adiponectin ratio (F/A ratio) with subclinical atherosclerosis as evaluated by carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in cases with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA total of 283 newly diagnosed T2DM patients were enrolled in this study. Serum fetuin-A and adiponectin levels were determined with an ELISA method. Other clinical and biochemical parameters were also collected.ResultsSignificant linear increases in waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, C-reactive protein (CRP) and F/A ratio, and a significant linear decrease in adiponectin with increasing tertiles of CIMT were observed (P for trends <0.05). However, no significant correlation between fetuin-A and CIMT was detected (P > 0.05). In multivariate logistic regression models, WHR, SBP and F/A ratio were independently correlated with higher CIMT. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that F/A ratio had a better predictive power for higher CIMT than adiponectin and fetuin-A, with an area under the curve of 0.802, 0.713 and 0.646, respectively.ConclusionF/A ratio is an independent indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.     

Diets high in glycemic index and glycemic load are associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome among Korean women

Background and aimsAccurate estimation of the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of diets is essential when assessing health implications of dietary GI and GL. The present study aimed to estimate dietary GI and GL utilizing the updated GI tables with a large number of new, reliable GI values and assess their associations with metabolic syndrome among Korean adults.Methods and resultsWe analyzed data from 3317 men and 6191 women for this cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome and its components were defined based on the harmonized criteria with Korean-specific cutoffs for waist circumference. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Compared with women in the lowest quintiles of energy-adjusted dietary GI and GL, women in the highest quintiles had significantly greater risks of metabolic syndrome (GI, OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.18–2.06; GL, OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.27–2.57), elevated blood pressure, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, both GI and GL), elevated triglycerides (GI only), elevated waist circumference, and elevated fasting glucose (GL only). Among men, no significant association was noted except for a higher risk of reduced HDL-C (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.01–2.29) in the highest quintile of energy-adjusted dietary GI than in the lowest quintile.ConclusionOur findings suggest that dietary GI and GL are positively associated with metabolic syndrome risk among women, but not men, in Korea.     

短串联重复序列基因座在石蜡包埋组织中的应用

目的探讨3种STR基因座分型系统在石蜡包埋组织基因座分型的差异。方法采用Qiagen法对保存1个月的石蜡包埋组织进行DNA提取,用Identifiler系统、PowerPlex 21系统及Investigator HDplex系统对STR基因座进行聚合酶链反应复合扩增、毛细管电泳、荧光检测及片段分析,比较3种系统的STR基因座检出率,并且采集组织同一个体的血液、毛发、口腔拭子等样本进行STR基因座分型,比较同一个体不同器官组织STR基因座分型的差异。结果经紫外分光光度计测定石蜡包埋组织的DNA浓度为6~85ng/μL,纯度1.7~2.2,Identifiler系统能够在DNA浓度大于15ng/μL时得到完整的基因座分型,PowerPlex 21系统在DNA浓度为85ng/μL时得到完整的基因座分型,而HDplex系统在石蜡组织检测中均未获得完整的基因座分型。石蜡包埋组织与其他器官组织分型结果存在差异,其中D6S474、D4S2366和D21S2055基因座存在等位基因不平衡或基因座丢失现象。结论石蜡包埋组织中DNA的浓度和纯度是STR基因座分型的重要影响因素,遗传信息丢失现象与检验对象的性状有关,也与所采用的检测系统有关,Identifiler系统对石蜡包埋组织的STR基因座分型具有较高的实用价值。     

CYP2C93,VKORC1-1639G>A和CYP4F2 rs2108622基因多态性对华法林剂量的影响

目的探讨CYP2C9*3、VKORC1-1639 G>A、CYP4F2 rs2108622基因多态性对心瓣膜置换术后患者华法林剂量的影响。方法收集2011年11月至2012年8月期间在福建省立医院心血管外科接受手术治疗的患者,用聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)-基因测序方法检测133例患者CYP2C9*3、VKORC1-1639G>A、CYP4F2 rs2108622基因多态性,按基因型分组,分别比较不同基因型间平均华法林剂量。结果 CYP2C9*3AA、AC、CC分别有127例、6例、0例,平均日华法林剂量分别为3.75 mg、2.13 mg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);VKORC1-1639 G>A GG、GA、AA分别有3例、32例、98例,平均日华法林剂量分别为6.00 mg、4.50 mg和3.00 mg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CYP4F2 rs2108622 CC、CT、TT分别有67例、59例、7例,平均日华法林剂量分别为3.00 mg、3.75 mg和4.50 mg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 CYP2C9*3、VKORC1-1639 G>A、CYP4F2rs2108622基因多态性与个体华法林剂量差异有关。     

VKORC1-1639G／A基因多态性与华法林应用剂量关系的研究

目的探讨维生素K环氧化物还原酶复合物1基因（VKORC1）-1639G／A多态性对中国汉族人华法林应用剂量的影响。方法应用PCR—RFLP法检测129例长期口服华法林的患者和198例健康对照者VKORC1-1639G／A多态性，比较VKORC1不同基因型间平均华法林剂量。结果病例组VKORC1-1639AA、AG、GG基因型频率分别为74．4％（96／129）、23．3％（30／129）、2．3％（3／129），等位基因A和G频率分别为86％和14％。病例组与健康对照者VKORC1-1639G／A多态性分布差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。VKORC1-1639不同基因型患者所需华法林平均剂量差异有显著统计学意义（P〈0．（301），AA型剂量[（1．444±0．282）mg／INR]显著低于AG型[（1．629±0．258）mg／INR，P=0．002]和GG型患者[（2．031±0．087）mg／INR，P=0．017]。结论中国人华法林应用剂量偏低可能与VKORC1-1639AA型占多数有关。     

高血压病切迹P波的临床分析

目的:对高血压病患者切迹P波的临床意义进行探讨。方法:随机选择50例高血压病人心电图记录出现P波切迹者,按P波时限分两组:高血压A组(P波时限<0.11秒)高血压B组(P波时限≥0.11秒)。分析高血压A组,B组心脏临床异常事件检出率并作统计学检验。结果:高血压A组心脏临床异常事件检出率为18％,高血压B组为71％(P<0.01)。结论:宽时限P波切迹提示发生心脏临床异常事件的可能性增大。     

应用全方向M型超声心动图研究房间隔运动与心房负荷的关系

目的 研究心房负荷的改变与房间隔运动的关系。方法 瓣膜病41例，先天性心脏病7例，正常对照12例。应用经食管超声心动图获得二维图像，全方向M型超声显示并测量房间隔运动时的厚度、波幅时间及速度。结果 心房的容量负荷和压力负荷增加时，房间隔的厚度增加、运动速度增快或减慢。结论 全方向M型超声心动图显示房间隔的厚度和运动速度与心房的负荷状态有关。