F形空心钉与传统3枚平行钉治疗Pauwels Ⅲ型股骨颈骨折的疗效比较

目的:分析比较"F"形空心钉与传统倒三角3枚平行螺钉内固定治疗青壮年Pauwels Ⅲ型股骨颈骨折的临床疗效。方法：2017年1月至2020年1月收治Pauwels Ⅲ型股骨颈骨折患者38例，根据置入钉方式的不同将其分为两组，其中A组18例，采用"F"形空心钉固定，男12例，女6例，年龄37~55岁，受伤至手术时间1~3 d。B组20例，采用传统倒三角3枚平行拉力螺钉固定，男12例，女8例，年龄35~55岁，受伤至手术时间为1~3 d。比较两组患者骨折不愈合，股骨头坏死，股骨颈短缩，空心螺钉退出情况，髋关节功能Harris评分，疼痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale，VAS）。结果：所有患者获得随访，时间为15~31个月。两组患者在骨折不愈合，股骨颈短缩，股骨头坏死方面差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；两组患者在螺钉退出方面差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组患者术后12个月时髋关节Harris评分及VAS评分差异均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论："F"形与传统倒三角3枚平行空心钉内固定治疗青壮年Pauwels Ⅲ型股骨颈骨折中短期疗效相似，但"F"形空心钉退钉率较低。     

髂骨复合皮瓣治疗骨缺损13例

严重创伤可造成骨缺损或软组织缺损,临床上较为常见。传统手术常采用Ⅰ期皮瓣修复,消灭创面。Ⅱ期植骨常诱发局部感染,植骨后吸收,多次手术,甚至引起严重感染、皮肤坏死,甚至截肢。随着显微外科技术发展及骨折固定技术提高,自2001年,我们采用髂骨复合皮瓣治疗骨缺损13例,获得良     

胸锁钩钢板治疗锁骨近端骨折伴胸锁关节脱位

目的： 探讨新型胸锁钩钢板治疗锁骨近端骨折伴胸锁关节脱位的临床疗效。方法： 回顾性分析2011年6月至2019年1月采用新型胸锁钩钢板进行内固定治疗的13例锁骨近端骨折伴胸锁关节脱位患者的临床资料,其中男9例,女4例;年龄26~78（54.08±13.91）岁。记录患者的手术时间、出血量、住院时间、术后并发症等情况。术后根据X线和CT评估骨折复位以及愈合情况。术后12个月采用Constant-Murley评分和Rockwood胸锁关节评分评定患肢功能恢复情况。结果： 13例患者均获得随访,时间12~24（16.77±4.63）个月。切口均Ⅰ期愈合,愈合时间9~13（11.00±1.75） d,骨性愈合时间3~4（3.65±0.46）个月。手术时间50~76（54.08±13.91） min,术中出血量20~56（46.08±11.15） ml,住院时间6~14（8.31±2.32） d。术后未出现感染、内固定失败、神经损伤等并发症。术后12个月Constant-Murley评分为（87.83±11.26）分;Rockwood评分（13.70±1.85）分,其中优11例,良1例,可1例。结论： 采用新型胸锁钩钢板治疗锁骨近端骨折伴胸锁关节脱位,可以早期进行关节功能锻炼,患者功能恢复优良,是治疗锁骨近端骨折伴胸锁关节脱位的有效方法。     

Immediate weight bearing after plate fixation of fractures of the tibial plateau

BackgroundProximal articular fractures of the tibia are commonly stabilised with internal fixation using plates and screws. There is a lack of evidence and conflicting guidelines as to the most suitable post-operative rehabilitation regime including weight bearing status. There are numerous physiological and socioeconomic benefits of early weight bearing after orthopaedic surgery, but concerns remain around loss of fracture reduction. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate whether the weight bearing status after tibial plateau plate fixation is associated with any loss of reduction or articular collapse.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed data from our prospectively collected major trauma centre database. All tibial plateau fractures that required open reduction and internal fixation with plate and screws were included. The immediate post-operative weight bearing status of these patients was recorded. Group I consisted of those patients that were either non-weight bearing or touch weight bearing for the first six post-operative weeks. Group II consisted of patients who were instructed to weight bear fully (as tolerated) immediately after the operation. Radiographs were taken on day one post-operation, at six weeks and at three months and analysed for fracture displacement and joint depression or loss of fixation.ResultsA total of 90 patients were included in the study. Group I (non-weight bearing or touch weight bearing) consisted of 60 patients (67%). Group II (full weight bearing as tolerated) consisted of 30 patients (33%). The follow up radiographs demonstrated no failure of fixation in either study group. One patient from the weight bearing group had >1 mm joint depression (4 mm) identified at the first follow up, which did not progress.ConclusionsThis study shows immediate post-operative full weight bearing does not affect the fixation or cause articular collapse up to three months after surgery and thus we propose that patients should be allowed to weight bear immediately after surgical stabilisation of tibial plateau fractures. This will enable patients to benefit from the positive effects on fracture healing of early weight bearing post-surgery and avoid the complications of non-weight bearing without loss of fixation or articular collapse.     

CRP monitoring in fractured neck of femur. A waste of resource?

AimWe aim to assess post-operative CRP serum values in a cohort of patients who underwent surgical treatment for neck of femur fracture (NOF#), and whether CRP is a valid tool for the assessment of these patients post-operatively.Study Design and MethodsRetrospective analysis was carried out on all NOF#'s admitted for surgical fixation between August 2015 and July 2016 in a district general hospital. Primary analysis included serum CRP levels until day 7 post-operatively, with secondary analysis of any documented evidence of post-operative complications (medical and surgical) within 30 days post-operatively.ResultsA total of 365 patients were surgically treated for NOF#’s over the study period. CRP serum levels peaked over the first two days post-operatively to median (IQ range) of 226 mg/L (158–299 mg/L), decreasing to 67 mg/L (45.5–104 mg/L) by day 7 post-operatively. 116 patients had documented post-operative complications within 30 daysof operation. CRP levels in patients with and without complications showed no statistical significance in day-1, day-2 and day-3 post-operatively. However, a significant difference was demonstrated on day-4 (p = 0.017), day-5 (p = 0.003), day-6 (p = 0.02) and day-7 (p = 0.031).ConclusionsDuring the first three days of the postoperative period we cannot recommend routine CRP serum blood test monitoring in NOF# patients, as it is not diagnostic in the acute inflammatory phase for medical or surgical complications.     

次氯酸冲洗的体外安全性及有效性评估

目的：体外实验评估不同次氯酸冲洗用于预防骨折感染的安全性及抗菌效果性方法：体外不同浓度次氯酸刺激小鼠L929和MC3T3细胞,检测细胞克隆形成、增殖及调亡情况评估次氯酸安全性。小鼠红细胞溶血实验评估次氯酸溶血风险。金黄色葡萄球菌及大肠杆菌增殖和抑菌圈实验评估次氯酸有效性及敏感细菌。结果：体外实验表明低浓度次氯酸对小鼠L929和MC3T3细胞的增殖无影响,小鼠红细胞溶血实验阴性。抗菌实验表明低浓度次氯酸具有与碘伏及双氧水类似的抑菌效果,但与其他消毒剂对比无明显差异。结论：本实验结果为低浓度次氯酸应用于临床治疗骨科感染提供体外研究数据。发现低浓度次氯酸安全性高,对革兰阳性菌引起的骨感染治疗效果好,是潜在的临床治疗感染性骨髓缺损、骨髓炎及开放性骨折的清创冲洗剂。     

"半无菌"技术在儿童Gartland Ⅱ型肱骨髁上骨折手术中的应用

目的　探讨“半无菌”技术在儿童Gartland Ⅱ型肱骨髁上骨折手术中的应用价值。　方法　回顾性分析2015年1月至2020年1月收治的行闭合复位经皮克氏针固定术的Gartland Ⅱ型肱骨髁上骨折患儿82例。其中35例采用“半无菌”方式进行手术的患儿设为“半无菌”组,而采用传统消毒铺巾方式进行手术的47例患儿设为对照组。比较两组患儿术前准备时间、手术时间、总住院时间、住院费用、术后并发症及肘关节Flynn’s评分的差异。　结果　与对照组相比,“半无菌”组患儿的手术准备时间［（7.17±1.67）mim vs （9.53±1.82）min］、手术费用［（7 543.14±168.64）元vs （8 537.66±109.21 )元］均显著降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。两组均未出现钉道感染及深部感染、医源性副损伤、骨折二次移位及关节畸形等并发症,肘关节功能良好。　结论　对Gartland Ⅱ型儿童肱骨髁上骨折进行闭合复位经皮克氏针固定疗效令人满意,在手术中使用“半无菌”技术安全、有效,能够显著缩短手术准备时间,节约医疗资源,减低医疗费用。