肝细胞核因子-1α基因突变协同腺瘤样结肠息肉病基因突变对家族性腺瘤性息肉病细胞增殖的影响

目的探讨肝细胞核因子-1α（HNF-1α）基因突变协同腺瘤样结肠息肉病基因（APC）突变对家族性腺瘤性息肉病（FAP）细胞增殖的影响。 方法利用RNA干扰技术,构建HNF-1α基因突变协同APC突变细胞模型,通过MTT法、克隆形成、划痕试验、细胞迁移、细胞侵袭及致瘤等实验观察HNF-1α基因突变协同APC突变对FAP细胞的增殖能力。 结果与单突变组比较,HNF-1α基因突变协同APC突变组FAP细胞具有较强的细胞克隆形成、细胞迁移、细胞侵袭及致瘤性。 结论HNF-1α基因协同APC突变促进了FAP细胞增殖。     

Genomic and comparative genomic analyses of Rickettsia heilongjiangensis provide insight into its evolution and pathogenesis

Rickettsia heilongjiangensis, the causative agent of far eastern spotted fever, is an obligate intracellular gram-negative bacterium that belongs to the spotted fever group rickettsiae. To understand the evolution and pathogenesis of R. heilongjiangensis, we analyzed its genome and compared it with other rickettsial genomes available in GenBank. The R. heilongjiangensis chromosome contains 1333 genes, including 1297 protein coding genes and 36 RNA coding genes. The genome also contains 121 pseudogenes, 54 insertion sequences, and 39 tandem repeats. Sixteen genes encoding the major components of the type IV secretion systems were identified in the R. heilongjiangensis genome. In total, 37 β-barrel outer membrane proteins were predicted in the genome, eight of which have been previously confirmed to be outer membrane proteins. In addition, 266 potential virulence factor genes, seven partially deleted antibiotic resistance genes, and a genomic island were identified in the genome. The codon usage in the genome is compatible with its low GC content, and the amino acid usage shows apparent bias. A comparative genomic analysis showed that R. heilongjiangensis and R. japonica share one unique fragment that may be a target sequence for a diagnostic assay. The orthologs of 37 genes of R. heilongjiangensis were found in pathogenic R. rickettsii str. Sheila Smith but not in non-pathogenic R. rickettsii str. Iowa, which may explain why R. heilongjiangensis is pathogenic. Pan-genome analysis showed that R. heilongjiangensis and 42 other rickettsiae strains share 693 core genes with a pan-genome size of 4837 genes. The pan-genome-based phylogeny showed that R. heilongjiangensis was closely related to R. japonica.     

精神分裂症患者自我管理影响因素分析

目的了解精神分裂症患者自我管理现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用一般资料调查表、精神分裂症患者自我管理量表,选取2013年12月²014年3月我院精神科出院的精神分裂症患者496例为研究对象,对其进行调查。结果精神分裂症患者的自我管理现状较差,平均得分(52.56±7.79),且其结果受患者性别、年龄、婚姻、受教育程度、是否首次发病等因素的影响,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论医务人员及其主要照顾者应教会患者掌握自我管理技能,提高患者的自我管理水平,稳定患者病情,促进患者的康复。     

重症急性胰腺炎应用短期腹腔灌洗治疗效果观察．

目的：观察和分析短期腹腔灌洗治疗重症急性胰腺炎患者的临床效果。方法：选取2012年12月-2014年4月收治的96例重症急性胰腺炎患者,按照患者住院时间先后顺序分为对照组和治疗组。对照组：采用常规治疗,但未实施灌洗。治疗组：在常规治疗基础上实施短期腹腔灌洗治疗。观察两组患者治疗前后APACHEII变化及血清CRP水平变化、临床指标改善、并发症等情况。结果：治疗前,治疗组APACHEII积分和CRP分别为（14．38±6．47）分、（269．79±52．01）mg／L,与对照组的（14．42±6．51）分、（269．87±51．96）mg／L比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;治疗后,治疗组APACHEII积分和CRP分别为（6．64±2．17）分、（64．27±10．61）mg／L,与对照组的（9．65±2．47）分、（127．61±32．21）mg／L比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。治疗组患者临床指标改善和并发症发生率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：采用短期腹腔灌洗治疗重症急性胰腺炎,可有效改善患者临床各项指标,降低患者APACHEII积分和CRP水平,减少并发症发生,促进患者康复。     

体外循环手术中吸入七氟醚对循环与呼吸功能的影响

目的：观察在体外循环心内直视手术过程中吸入七氟醚对患者循环与呼吸功能的影响。方法：选择70例体外循环下心脏直视手术的患者,按随机数字表法分为七氟醚组35例（Q组）和对照组35例（D组）。Q组在麻醉诱导和体外循环过程中吸入1%~3%的七氟醚,D组在麻醉诱导和体外循环中不使用七氟醚,使用异丙酚。观察两组患者的心率、血压、气管导管带管时间、术后ICU留置时间等。结果：与D组比较,Q组在麻醉诱导及体外循环过程中血压波动较小,更平稳（P〈0.05）;气管导管带管时间和术后在ICU留置的时间也明显缩短（P〈0.05）。结论：体外循环心内直视手术过程中吸入七氟醚麻醉能使循环功能更稳定,心、肺功能恢复更快。     

160例妊娠期高血压疾病患者临床治疗分析

目的：探讨妊娠期高血压疾病（PIH）的临床治疗方法及效果。方法：选取本院2011年3月-2013年3月收治的160例PIH患者,按照随机数字表法将其分为试验组和对照组各80例,两组患者均给予常规解痉、降压、镇静、扩容与利尿治疗,试验组在此基础上加用丹参注射液,观察两组患者治疗后临床效果及母婴结局。结果：试验组的治愈率和总有效率均明显高于对照组,且剖宫产率及产后出血、胎心异常、新生儿窒息发生率均明显低于对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：在常规解痉、降压、镇静、扩容与利尿治疗基础上加用丹参注射液能够有效提高临床疗效,改善母婴结局,临床效果显著,应用价值较高。     

数字化病案信息技术在医院工作中的应用实践

目的探究数字化病案信息技术在医院工作中的应用。方法选取本院2016年3月至2018年3月2 000份病案进行研究,2016年3月至2017年3月1 000份病案作为参照组,2017年3月至2018年3月1 000份病案作为研究组。参照组采用常规管理,即按照医院规定实施管理。研究组采用病案信息技术进行管理,即实施数字化病案信息技术。比较两组工作质量、利用率。结果研究组书写不规范、书写错误、病案归档返修率均低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组医院病案利用率明显高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在医院工作中应用数字化病案信息技术可促进提高各机构的利用率,改善工作质量,应用效果显著,可广泛应用于临床。     

Role of Histamine H1 Receptors in Vestibular Nucleus in Motion Sickness

Objectives To investigate the expression of histamine H1 receptors (H1R) in the vestibular nucleus of brainstem in rats and the role of H1R in motion sickness (MS). Methods A total of 24 healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into four groups (n=6 each) which determined if the animals would receive induction of MS or drug (promethazine) treatment: MS(-)/Drug(-); MS(+)/Drug(-); MS(-)/Drug(+ at 0.25 mg); and MS(+)/Drug(+). MS was induced by complex motion stimulation and the conditioned taste aversion was used as a behavioral indicator of MS. The volume of 0.15% sodium saccharin solution (SS) intake within 45 minutes after motion stimulation was measured. H1R in the vestibular nucleus was examined by immunofluorescence staining. The expression of H1R protein in brainstem tissue at vestibular nucleus level was detected by western blot. Results The mean SS intake volume in the MS(+)/Drug(-) group (8.8 ml) was significantly less than that of the MS(-)/Drug(-) group (15.1 ml) (P < 0.01). The mean SS intake volume of the MS(-)/Drug(+) group (14.8 ml) was similar to that of the MS(-)/Drug(-) group. The mean SS intake volume (9.6 ml) of the MS(+)/Drug(+) group was more than that of the MS(+)/Drug(-)group (P < 0.01), but less than that of the MS(-)/Drug(-) group or MS(-)/Drug(+) group (P < 0.01). Immunofluorescence staining showed positive expression of H1R in the vestibular nucleus of brainstem and the expression was enhanced by motion stimulation. Western blot analysis showed that H1R protein expressed in the brainstem tissue at vestibular nucleus level and the expression also increased significantly after motion stimulation. The MS-induced increase of H1R was not affected significantly by promethazine. Conclusions H1Rs exist in the vestibular nucleus in rats and H1R expression is up-regulated by motion stimulation, but not affected by promethazine. The findings indicate that the histaminergic system is involved in MS. Promethazine, as an H1R blocker, may play its anti-MS role by competing the binding site on H1Rs with histamine rather than inhibiting H1R expression.     

重症甲型H1N1流感合并两肺弥漫性肺炎的抢救体会

目的：分析22例重症甲型H1N1流感合并两肺弥漫性肺炎患者的临床资料,总结临床抢救体会。方法：回顾分析收治的22例重症甲型H1N1合并两肺弥漫性肺炎患者的临床资料进行。结果：22例患者年龄39.9±12.7岁,临床症状以发热、咳嗽、胸痛、呼吸困难及低氧血症为主要特征,部分患者出现消化道症状、休克;外周血白细胞计数较正常值偏低,X线胸片或胸部CT提示双侧广泛性或多肺叶性的弥漫性病变;22例患者均给予抗病毒治疗（奥司他韦75mg或150mg,每日2次口服）,全部患者均应用激素治疗,甲基强的松龙80~240mg.d-1,平均治疗剂量为136.4±58.8mg.d-1,14例患者采用无创机械通气治疗,2例患者经气管插管行机械通气治疗,2例患者死亡。结论：重症甲型H1N1流感合并两肺弥漫性肺炎患者临床症状进展快、病情重,需尽早应用抗病毒药物、合理地应用全身性糖皮质激素等治疗,同时予积极合理地氧疗,机械通气能增强氧疗的效果、迅速改善病情、改善预后。     

儿童口腔健康教育与刷牙效果临床研究

目的探讨儿童口腔健康教育与刷牙效果的临床研究。方法选取80例3～7岁的儿童进行观察,给予口腔健康教育,观察指标以菌斑指数为主,对比教育前后儿童的刷牙效果。结果口腔健康教育之前,儿童的牙菌斑平均指数为(3.89±0.79),经过口腔健康教育之后,儿童的牙菌斑平均指数为(2.13±0.69);口腔健康教育前后,儿童的牙菌斑清除率为9.98%与30.97%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过进行口腔健康教育,能够使儿童从小就养成良好的卫生习惯,掌握正确的刷牙方式,有效保护牙齿,保持口腔健康。