改良三针法回肠末端预防性造口手术技巧的应用

目的评价三针法预防性回肠末端造口术的应用效果。 方法回顾性分析2018年4月至2018年8月期间收治的13例腹腔镜直肠癌根治术后行末端回肠预造口的患者资料,造口方式采用改良三针法固定造口,即一侧腹直肌前后鞘缝合1针,再连针带线穿过肠系膜无血管区,然后在另一侧腹直肌前后鞘再缝合1针,出针后将缝线再由无血管区穿回对侧,收紧缝线;再将造口远近端肠管各固定1针于腹直肌前后鞘。继而开放造瘘口,并将造口肠管全层与皮肤间断缝合。 结果13例患者均顺利完成手术,平均手术时间(139.62±47.01) min,平均术中出血量(56.15±32.54) ml,有1例患者术后出现造口皮肤黏膜分离,保守治疗后好转。其余患者均未发生造口黏膜与皮肤分离、造口塌陷、造口脱垂、造瘘口肠管坏死、狭窄、感染等并发症。 结论本术式操作简便、易于掌握,手术耗时相对减少,术后并发症少,便于还纳,进一步改进了回肠末端预防性造口的手术方式,一般情况良好,具有安全性和可行性。     

血清同型半胱氨酸、血脂水平与冠心病关系研究

目的：探讨血清同型半胱氨酸（Hcy）及血脂水平与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（CHD）之间的关系。方法选择2013年1月至2014年4月在该院心内科住院的204例CHD患者为CHD组,其中中青年（36～＜60岁）87例,老年（60～88岁）117例;同时选择在该院健康体检者122例为对照组,其中中青年（39～＜60岁）52例,老年（60～83岁）70例。分别检测两组受试者血清Hcy水平,三酰甘油（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、载脂蛋白AⅠ（apoAⅠ）、apoB、脂蛋白（a）[Lp（a）]水平,并进行比较与分析。结果两组老年Hcy水平显著高于中青年,且CHD组不同年龄的Hcy水平显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;CHD组患者的Hcy、TG、Lp（a）水平显著高于对照组,apo AⅠ水平显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,而两组之间TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、apoB水平比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 Hcy水平与年龄有关,是CHD的独立危险因子,其与血脂指标联合检测,对CHD患者的诊断、治疗及预后具有重要临床意义。     

Novel cyclotides from Hedyotis biflora inhibit proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cell in vitro and in vivo

Hedyotis biflora is a well-known herb in traditional Chinese medicine which is used to treat various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. Recently, two cytotoxic cyclotides were found in H. biflora, suggesting that cyclotides may be bioactive ingredients in this herb. Cyclotides are heat-stable macrocyclic peptides from plants that display a wide range of biological activities. Currently, more than 200 cyclotides have been discovered. In this present study, another five novel cyclotides, hedyotide B5 (HB5) to HB9, from the leaves and root of H. biflora, were isolated, besides the known HB1 and HB2. By Edman degradation sequencing and gene cloning, we confirmed their amino acid sequence and obtained precursors of hedyotides. By in vitro MTT assay, all present hedyotides showed significant cytotoxicity on four kinds of pancreatic cancer cell lines, especially for HB7. By in vitro migration assay and wound-healing assay, HB7 inhibited the cell migration and invasion of capan2 cells; by in vivo xenograft model, HB7 could significantly inhibit the tumor weight and size compared with the placebo control. These results suggested that H. biflora may have more novel cyclotides, and these cyclotides may have a good anti-cancer bioactivity.     

A combination of Sinomenine and Methotrexate reduces joint damage of collagen induced arthritis in rats by modulating osteoclast-related cytokines

ObjectiveTo analyze the combination therapy of Sinomenine (SIN) and Methotrexate (MTX) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we herein demonstrated the combination effect of SIN and MTX on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats through their modulation on osteoclast-related cytokines.MethodsCIA was induced by the immunization of type II collagen (CII) in SD rats. SIN and MTX were administrated alone or in combination after the onset of arthritis. Arthritis index and histological analysis were used to evaluate the effect of treatments. Effects of SIN and MTX on expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteopontin (OPN) in synovial tissues were assayed by immunohistochemistry. RANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG), IL-6, IL-17 and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in rat serum were measured by ELISA. The expression of osteoclast-related cytokines in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from RA patients was assayed by RT-PCR.ResultsSIN and MTX combination additively reduced the inflammatory symptoms and joint damage in CIA. Combination of SIN and MTX significantly repressed synovial RANKL and OPN production. SIN and MTX exhibited complementary and synergistic effect upon down-regulating RANKL, IL-6, IL-17 and MMPs in rat serum. SIN and MTX also modulated the expression of RANKL and OPG in RA-FLS.ConclusionSIN and MTX have additive effects, decreasing inflammation and joint damage in CIA rats by modulating osteoclast-related cytokines. These results are indicative of the combined effect of SIN and MTX for anti-arthritic treatment in RA.     

食管静脉曲张破裂出血的急诊治疗进展

食管静脉曲张破裂出血是肝硬化门静脉高压症严重的并发症之一,也是患者死亡的主要原因。研究分析表明,内镜治疗和血管活性药物治疗在急诊止血率、病死率和再出血率疗效方面没有明显差别。阐述了食管静脉曲张破裂出血的急诊治疗进展,主要包括内镜下套扎疗法、硬化疗法和血管活性药物使用,重点探讨了食道静脉曲张破裂出血的急诊内镜治疗和药物治疗的选择。     

Complete atrioventricular block caused by pulmonary embolism: A case report and review of literature

IntroductionAcute electrocardiogram abnormalities are common in patients afflicted with pulmonary embolism (PE). Rarely, a patient with acute pulmonary embolism and electrocardiogram changes may have an underlying conduction abnormality that complicates their course.Case presentationWe describe a patient with known history of left bundle branch block who presented with acute PE and developed a right bundle branch block, which devolved into complete third degree heart block without ventricular escape rhythm and led to concomitant hemodynamic compromise.DiscussionGiven the rarity of this clinical scenario, we call for clinicians to be aware of PE-associated conduction pathology as well as the possibility that malignant cardiac conduction blocks may occur in the setting of PE particularly if the patient is known to have underlying conduction system disease. We emphasize the importance of continuous telemetry monitoring in patients presenting with PE as these types of arrhythmic complications and hemodynamic decompensation has been observed.     

Bicarbonate use and mortality outcome among critically ill patients with metabolic acidosis: A meta analysis

BackgroundThe use of sodium bicarbonate in the treatment of metabolic acidosis in critically ill subjects has long been a subject of debate. Despite empiric use in the setting of severe acidemia in critically ill patients, there is little data looking into the role of sodium bicarbonate in the treatment of severe metabolic acidosis in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of Pubmed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials addressing bicarbonate use in the metabolic acidosis in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. We examined mortality as end point. Pooled odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for all outcomes using a random-effect model.ResultsThe final search yielded 202 articles of which all were screened individually. A total of 11 studies were identified but 6 studies were excluded due to irrelevance in mortality outcome and methodology. Analysis was done separately for observational studies and randomized controlled trials. The pooled OR [95% CI] for mortality with bicarbonate use in the observational studies was 1.5 [0.62–3.67] with heterogeneity of 67%, while pooled OR for mortality in the randomized trials was 0.72 [0.49–1.05] (figure 2). In combining all studies, the pooled odds ratio was 0.93 95% [0.69–1.25] but with heterogeneity of 63%. After sensitivity analysis with removing the study done by Kim et al. 2013, heterogeneity was 0% with OR 0.8 [0.59–1.10].ConclusionThere is no significant difference in mortality in the use of bicarbonate among critically ill patients with high anion gap metabolic acidosis predominantly driven by lactic acidosis.