99mTc-HL91显像对乳腺癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨99mTc-HL91乏氧显像对乳腺癌的鉴别诊断的临床价值。方法:51例乳腺包块患者行99mTc-HL91早期(1h)、延迟(4h)平面显像和延迟(4h)断层融合显像,利用计算机感兴趣区(ROI)技术,计算靶/非靶比值(T/TN)。结果:恶性组在1h、4h平面和4h断层图像上T/TN值分别为1.68±0.16、1.85±0.23、2.28±0.49,良性组为1.15±0.18、1.23±0.25、1.43±0.37,良恶性组之间均有显著的差异性(P<0.01);恶性组4h平面T/TN值明显高于1h T/TN值(P<0.01),而良性组增高不明显(P>0.05);以恶性组延迟(4h)断层显像T/TN值-x-1s为截断点,99mTc-HL91对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为93.55%(29/31)、80.00%(16/20)、88.24%(45/51),以良性组延迟(4h)断层显像T/TN值-x 1s为截断点,99mTc-HL91对乳腺癌诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为93.75%(30/32)、84.21%(16/19)9、0.20%(46/51)。结论:99mTc-HL91乏氧显像对原发性乳腺癌的诊断具有较高的灵敏度和特异度,具有一定的临床应用价值,而且能提供乳腺癌的氧态信息,从而为制定治疗方案提供依据。     

抗肾综合征出血热病毒独特型人源性单克隆抗体的制备

分离肾综合征出血热（ＨＦＲＳ）恢复期患者外周静脉血淋巴细胞，经分离的Ｂ淋巴细胞ＥＢ病毒转化后分别与人─鼠种间骨髓瘤细胞系ＳＨＭ－Ｄ３３和小鼠骨髓瘤细胞系Ｘ６３－Ａｇ８．６５３融合，融合率分别为９６％和９０％。杂交瘤生长孔分泌抗ＨＦＲＳＶ抗体阳性率达３３％和２３％。而且均有一孔为抗ＨＦＲＳＶ独特型抗体阳性，经克隆化筛选各得到一株杂交瘤细胞系，命名为Ｃ８和Ｆ３。经鉴定两株杂交瘤细胞系分泌的人源性单克隆抗体均为ＩｇＭ型。Ｆ３抗体产量小于１ｍｇ／ｍｌ，Ｃ８抗体产量为３０～５０ｍｇ／ｍｌ，且已稳定传代两年以上。抗ＨＦＲＳＶ独特型人源性单克隆抗体的成功制备，为ＨＦＲＳＶ疫苗的研制开辟了一条新路。     

Neuropeptide Y and Galanin Binding Sites in Rat and Monkev Lumbar Dorsal Root Ganalia and Spinal Cord and Effect of Peripheral Axotomy

Using monoiodinated peptide YY (PYY) and galanin as radioligands, and neuropeptide Y (NPY) fragments, the distribution of NPY binding sites and its subtypes Y1 and Y2, and of galanin binding sites, was investigated in rat and monkey lumbar (L) 4 and L5 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and spinal cord before and after a unilateral sciatic nerve cut, ligation or crush. Receptor autoradiography revealed that [¹²⁵I]PYY bound to some DRG neurons and a few nerve fibres in normal rat DRG, and most of these neurons were small. NPY binding sites were observed in laminae I–IV and X of the rat dorsal horn and in the lateral spinal nucleus, with the highest density in laminae 1–11. [¹²⁵I]NPY binding was most strongly attenuated by NPY_13–36, a Y2 agonist, and partially inhibited by [Leu³¹,Pro³⁴]NPY, a Y1 agonist, in both rat DRG and the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. These findings suggest that Y2 receptors are the main NPY receptors in rat DRG and dorsal horn, but also that Y1 receptors exist. After sciatic nerve cut, PYY binding markedly increased in nerve fibres and neurons in DRG, especially in large neuron profiles, and in laminae III-IV of the dorsal horn, as well as in nerve fibres in dorsal roots and the sciatic nerve. Incubation with NPY_13–36 completely abolished PYY binding, which was also reduced by [Leu,³¹ Pro³⁴] NPY. However, the increase in PYY binding seen in laminae I–IV of the ipsilateral dorsal horn after axotomy was not observed after coincubation with [Leu³¹, Pro³⁴] NPY. NPY binding sites were seen in a few neurons in monkey DRG and in laminae I-II, X and IX of the monkey spinal cord. The intensity of PYY binding in laminae I-II of the dorsal horn was decreased after axotomy. Galanin receptor binding sites were not observed in rat DRG, but were observed in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord, mainly in laminae I-II. Axotomy had no effect on galanin binding in rat DRG and dorsal horn. However, galanin receptor binding was observed in many neurons in monkey L4 and L5 DRG and in laminae I–IV and X of monkey L4 and L5 spinal cord, with the highest intensity in laminae I-II. No marked effect of axotomy was observed on the distribution and intensity of galanin binding in monkey DRG or spinal cord. The present results indicate that after axotomy the synthesis of NPY receptors is increased in rat DRG neurons, especially in large neurons, and is transported to the laminae I–IV of the ipsilateral dorsal horn and into the sciatic nerve. No such up-regulation of the NPY receptor occurred in monkey DRG after axotomy. The Y2 receptor seems to be the main NPY receptor in DRG and the dorsal horn of the rat and monkey spinal cord, but Y1 receptors also exist. The increase in NPY binding sites in laminae I–IV of the dorsal horn after axotomy partly represents Y1 receptors. In contrast to the rat, galanin binding sites could be identified in monkey lumbar DRG. No effect of axotomy on the distribution of galanin binding sites in rat or monkey DRG and dorsal horn was detected, suggesting their presence on local dorsal horn neurons (or central afferents).     

运用空间局部内插研究我国应征男青年高血压的地区分布特征

目的研究我国应征男青年高血压检出率的空间分布特征。方法利用第三次全国应征青年体质调查研究资料,在ArcGIS8.1软件支持下,建立我国应征男青年高血压发病的地理信息系统,并以此为基础利用空间局部内插分析方法建立我国应征男青年高血压空间分布图,以交叉评价指标为依据选择无偏最优的空间分布图。结果我国应征男青年高血压空间分布图显示,高血压检出率呈片状分布,检出率较高的北方地区以河北、山东、北京为中心,南方以广西为中心。东北地区舒张压偏高的检出率较其他地区高;以山东为中心的华北地区和以广西为中心的两广地区收缩压、舒张压高的检出率均明显高于其他地区。交叉评价指标显示,建立的我国应征男青年高血压空间分布图是对我国应征男青年高血压分布的最优无偏估计。结论我国应征男青年高血压检出率存在明显的空间分布差异,应进一步研究不同地区的地理环境、气候、经济等对青少年血压的影响。     

采用改进的差示PCR分离胃癌差异表达基因

目的:建立优化的mRNA差示PCR分离胃癌差异表达基因的方法。方法:以胃癌7901与胃粘膜GES—1细胞株为研究对象,探索mRNA差异PCR技术的最佳条件,优化并改进差示cDNA片段的后续处理方法。结果:①优化了mRNA差异PCR的循环参数;②改进了差示cDNA片段的后续处理方法;③运用优化方法及GQS—960型成像及基因定量分析系统从胃癌7901与胃粘膜GES—1细胞株中分离出了154个差异表达的cDNA片段,对其中的部分片段进行了测序、检索及克隆。结论:建立了可靠的mRNA差示PCR技术的优化条件及后续处理方法。     

门诊病人问卷调查的分析与评价

目的 了解病人对医院工作的反馈意见。方法 设计《西京医院门诊病人意见征询表》，每天发放给门诊病人填写，对回收表格按科室计算满意率，并对科室进行聚类分析，对统计结果作分析评价。结果 门诊医生和护士的服务质量的满意率达９０％以上，且持续稳定；加强管理教育后，各非临床首室今年的满意率比去年都有提高，但甩有一定波动。结论 每天发放门诊病人意见征询表，是了解门诊工作情况的一种好形式，特别是通过长期的资料积累     

抑癌基因p16在肝细胞癌及癌旁组织中的分布,表达及意义

目的 :探讨抑癌基因 p16与原发肝癌 (primaryhepatocellularcarcinoma ,HCC)发生及恶性程度的关系。方法 :p16是一种新的抑癌基因 ,应用免疫组织化学法检测了 6 9例HCC和 6 3例癌旁组织的 p16表达。结果 :p16蛋白免疫组织化学阳性信号为棕黄色颗粒 ,主要分布在胞浆 ,少数细胞核内也可见阳性显色 ,p16蛋白在癌组织及癌旁组织中的阳性率分别为 2 6 5 % (18/6 9)和 92 % (5 8/6 3) ,两者比较差异显著 (P <0 0 1)。 6 9例HCC标本 ,Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级、Ⅲ级中 p16蛋白的检出率分别为 5 2 6 % (10 /19)、 2 3 3 % (7/30 )、5 % (1/2 0 ) ,p16蛋白在高分化HCC中的表达率明显高于低分化HCC组 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :抑癌基因 p16的表达和分布与HCC发生、发展及恶性程度有密切的关系 ,提示p16基因失活可能发生在HCC的早期     

抗凋亡基因bcl—2在原发性胆囊癌中的表达及其临床意义

为探讨抗凋亡基因ｂｃｌ２与胆囊肿瘤发生、分化及临床预后的关系，采用免疫组织化学方法对４５例原发性胆囊癌和３９例胆囊腺瘤抗凋亡基因ｂｃｌ２的表达进行了观察。结果显示：ｂｃｌ２在原发性胆囊癌和胆囊腺瘤的表达率分别为７１．１％和８７．２％，两者比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）；ｂｃｌ２在原发性胆囊癌高、中、低分化型的表达率分别为８２．３％、８２．４％和５０．０％，彼此间存在显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ｂｃｌ２表达在原发性胆囊癌临床Ⅰ～Ⅱ期与Ⅲ期的阳性率分别为８１．３％、６５．３％，彼此间无显著性差异，表明ｂｃｌ２表达可能与原发性胆囊癌临床分期无直接关系。     

Antisense inhibition of gene expression and growth in gram-negative bacteria by cell-penetrating peptide conjugates of peptide nucleic acids targeted to rpoD gene

Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) cause common and severe hospital- and community-acquired infections with a high incidence of multidrug resistance (MDR) and mortality. The emergence and spread of MDR-GNB strains limit therapeutic options and highlight the need to develop new therapeutic strategies. In this study, the peptide (RXR)₄XB- and (KFF)₃K-conjugated peptide nucleic acids (PPNAs) were developed to target rpoD, which encodes an RNA polymerase primary σ⁷⁰ that is thought to be essential for bacterial growth. Their antimicrobial activities were tested against different clinical isolates of MDR-GNB in vitro and in infection models. The (RXR)₄XB- and (KFF)₃K- conjugated PNAs were bactericidal against different strains of MDR-GNB in concentration-dependent and sequence-selective manner, whereas a PPNA with a scrambled base sequence had no effect on growth. Among tested PPNAs, (RXR)₄XB conjugate PPNA06 showed more potent and broad spectrum inhibition in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Shigella flexneri in vitro and in vivo. The results were associated with suppression of rpoD mRNA and σ⁷⁰ expression, as well as σ⁷⁰ downstream regulated genes including ftsZ, mazF, prfB, rpoS, seqA, turfB and ygjD. The treatment of PPNA06 on mono- or multiple MDR-GBN infected human gastric mucosal epithelial cells demonstrated the complete inhibition on bacterial growth and no influence on morphology and growth of human cells. Also, PPNA06 did not show the induction of antibiotic resistance as compared with classical antibiotics in GNB. These findings firstly demonstrate that rpoD is potential target for developing antisense antibiotics, and indicate that peptide conjugates of anti-rpoD PNA are active against GNBs in vitro and in vivo. Our results offer a feasible strategy for treating MDR-GNB infections.     

某部新兵唾液总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白浓度及A/G检测与分析

目的检测与分析军人健康人群唾液总蛋白（TP）浓度、白蛋白（ALB）浓度、球蛋白（GL0）浓度以及白蛋白与球蛋白比值（A/G）,建立我军健康人群参考标准,为后续研究军队特殊人员特殊口腔疾病特点及口腔健康状况提供参照,同时也可为临床诊断提供参考。方法此次检测采用常规硫脲新试剂探针测定法,建立以APT为分子探针,运用固定波长同步荧光光谱分析测定唾液TP、ALB、GLO含量。结果TP 3.00～5.90 g/L,平均浓度为（4.470±0.905）g/L。ALB 0.29～2.09 g/L,平均浓度为（1.517±0.418）g/L。GLO 0.01～4.01 g/L,平均浓度为（2.898±0.737）g/L。A/G平均比值为0.527。结论唾液具有复杂的生化组成,口腔中的各种疾病皆可反映在唾液中,测定唾液中TP、ALB、GL0浓度以及A/G比值对某些口腔疾病的诊断参考和预后判断有一定意义。