Clinical and radiological results of locking plate fixation for periprosthetic femoral fractures around hip arthroplasties: a retrospective multi-center study

Background Osteosynthesis of periprosthetic femoral fractures around hip arthroplasties is challenging, and locking plate fixation has been found to be a reasonable treatment. However, there is a paucity of evidence of the extent to which patients recover their activities of daily living (ADL). The purpose of this study was to study the clinical results, particularly recovery of ADL, radiological results, and potential complications arising from the use of locking plate fixation for periprosthetic femoral fractures around hip arthroplasties.Methods We conducted a retrospective, multi-center study. Patients with periprosthetic femoral fractures around hip arthroplasties who were treated by osteosynthesis with use of locking plates and who underwent follow-up for at least 6 months postoperatively were enrolled in the study. For each patient, recovery of ADL, in terms of social and ambulatory recovery and Parker mobility score, were compared before fracture and at last follow-up. Postoperative complications were investigated. Bony union, loss of reduction, and malunion were assessed radiologically.Results Thirty-two patients were enrolled in this study. Mean follow-up was 25.1 months. For 84.4, 68.8, and 53.1 % of patients, respectively, social status, ambulation, and Parker mobility score at last follow-up were determined to be equal to that before the fracture. Bony union was observed for 30 patients within the follow-up period. Four patients had not achieved bony union 6 months postoperatively. There was no loss of reduction, malunion, or implant breakage, and no infection. For one patient each, partial pullout of the locking screws and a supracondylar fracture at the plate end were observed, and additional surgery was required.Conclusions Our results reveal that locking plate fixation provided sufficient stability for satisfactory recovery of ADL for most elderly patients with periprosthetic femoral fractures around hip arthroplasties.     

远端型遗传性运动神经元病家系全基因组外显子测序研究

【目的】报告1例远端型遗传性运动神经元病(d HMN)家系,对家系进行分子遗传学研究,探寻致病基因,并探讨全基因组外显子测序在临床诊断和研究中的应用价值。【方法】对该家系进行临床及电生理检查,在排除与临床诊断相关已知基因的突变后,先对该家系的先证者和另一旁支的患者进行全基因组外显子测序、生物信息学分析,然后对采集到血样的22名家系成员,包括10例患者进行突变筛查及突变与疾病共分离分析。【结果】全基因组外显子测序、突变筛查及突变与疾病共分离分析结果显示该家系先证者和患者BSCL2基因3号外显子糖基化位点发生p.Ser90Leu突变,为国内首次报导。【结论】d HMN是一类临床和遗传异质性都很强的遗传病,外显子测序是诊断d HMN的有效方法。在研究具有高度遗传异质性的遗传病时,运用外显子组测序技术发现致病性突变比常规的PCR加产物测序更为简便、快速。     

Lineage-related and particle size-dependent cytotoxicity of chitosan nanoparticles on mouse bone marrow-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells

Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) have potential applications in stem cell research. In this study, ex vivo cytotoxicity of CSNPs on mouse bone marrow-derived (MBMCs) hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) was determined. MBMCs were exposed to CSNPs of different particle sizes at various concentrations for up to 72 h. Cytotoxicity effect of CSNPs on MBMCs was determined using MTT, Live/Dead Viability/Cytotoxicity assays and flow cytometry analysis of surface antigens on HSCs (Sca-1⁺), myeloid-committed progenitors (CD11b⁺, Gr-1⁺), and lymphoid-committed progenitors (CD45⁺, CD3e⁺). At 24 h incubation, MBMCs' viability was not affected by CSNPs. At 48 and 72 h, significant reduction was detected at higher CSNPs concentrations. Small CSNPs (200 nm) significantly reduced MBMCs' viability while medium-sized particle (∼400 nm) selectively promoted MBMCs growth. Surface antigen assessment demonstrated lineage-dependent effect. Significant decrease in Sca-1⁺ cells percentage was observed for medium-sized particle at the lowest CSNPs concentration. Meanwhile, reduction of CD11b⁺ and Gr-1⁺ cells percentage was detected at high and intermediate concentrations of medium-sized and large CSNPs. Percentage of CD45⁺ and CD3e⁺ cells along with ROS levels were not significantly affected by CSNPs. In conclusion, medium-sized and large CSNPs were relatively non-toxic at lower concentrations. However, further investigations are necessary for therapeutic applications.     

Impact of serum uric acid on subclinical myocardial injury in general population

Background and aimsHyperuricemia is widely thought as a risk factor for myocardial infarction (MI) and all-cause mortality; however, the relation of serum uric acid (sUA) and subclinical myocardial injury (SCeMI) remains unclear. We hypothesize that sUA is associated with subclinical myocardial injury.Methods and resultsA total of 5880 adult individuals (57.9 ± 13.0 years, 54.23% women) without known cardiovascular disease from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III were included. Determined by Cardiac Infarction Injury Score (CIIS) from 12-lead electrocardiogram, SCeMI was defined by CIIS ≥10 units. The relationship between sUA and SCeMI was analyzed by using logistic regression models and the smooth curve fitting. Subgroup analyses were conducted. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, the smooth curve fitting revealed a non-linear relationship between sUA level and SCeMI. When sUA was above the inflection point 266.5 μmol/L, each 100 unit increase in sUA increase the risk of SCeMI by 15%. In women group, when sUA>340.3 μmol/L, each 100 unit increase in sUA increase the risk of SCeMI by 71%, but no significant correlation was observed in men group.ConclusionsOur findings confirm that sUA is an independent risk factor for subclinical myocardial injury after adjusting for potential confounding variables, and existence of such an association in women only, which require more random control trials to confirm the strategy of cardiovascular disease prevention based on sUA reduction in female.     

Fetuin-A to adiponectin ratio is an independent indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

AimsThe purpose of this research was to explore the associations of fetuin-A, adiponectin, and fetuin-A/adiponectin ratio (F/A ratio) with subclinical atherosclerosis as evaluated by carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in cases with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).MethodsA total of 283 newly diagnosed T2DM patients were enrolled in this study. Serum fetuin-A and adiponectin levels were determined with an ELISA method. Other clinical and biochemical parameters were also collected.ResultsSignificant linear increases in waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, C-reactive protein (CRP) and F/A ratio, and a significant linear decrease in adiponectin with increasing tertiles of CIMT were observed (P for trends <0.05). However, no significant correlation between fetuin-A and CIMT was detected (P > 0.05). In multivariate logistic regression models, WHR, SBP and F/A ratio were independently correlated with higher CIMT. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that F/A ratio had a better predictive power for higher CIMT than adiponectin and fetuin-A, with an area under the curve of 0.802, 0.713 and 0.646, respectively.ConclusionF/A ratio is an independent indicator of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.     

70例免疫球蛋白辅助治疗老年脓毒症患者效果的研究

目的 探讨免疫球蛋白辅助治疗老年脓毒症患者的疗效,研究死亡患者的临床特征,分析临床指标对患者预后的预测价值。方法 选取2017年1月-2020年5月解放军总医院第六医学中心诊治的140例老年脓毒症患者,常规治疗+免疫球蛋白治疗70例为研究组,常规治疗70例为对照组,评估免疫球蛋白治疗效果及治疗前后临床指标情况。根据患者28 d预后情况分为存活及死亡两亚组,采用受试者工作曲线 (ROC)评价临床指标对患者预后的预测价值。结果 研究组与对照组患者一般情况差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;研究组28 d死亡率下降,但与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;免疫球蛋白辅助治疗能更好的降低C反应蛋白（CRP）等炎性指标,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;存活和死亡亚组患者临床指标单因素分析,结果示SOFA、APACHEⅡ、乳酸（Lac）、降钙素原（PCT）和血小板差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;多因素logistic分析示SOFA、APACHEⅡ和Lac是影响预后的独立危险因素;将预测值纳入受试者工作曲线（ROC）,结果显示曲线下面积（AUC）为0.854,95%置信区间为（0.789～0.919）。结论 免疫球蛋白辅助治疗老年脓毒症患者的死亡率下降,但差异无统计学意义;SOFA、APACHEⅡ和Lac对患者预后预测效能较好。     

术前罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定和地塞米松髂筋膜间隙阻滞在高龄患者半髋关节置换术中的应用及对患者应激反应的影响

目的 探讨术前罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定和地塞米松行髂筋膜间隙阻滞对高龄患者半髋关节置换术后镇痛效果和应激反应的影响。方法 选取2020年01月至2021年10月入住中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心拟行半髋关节置换术的高龄患者90例并随机分成两组,每组患者均于术前24 h及手术当日麻醉前30 min行骨折侧超声引导下腹股沟韧带上髂筋膜间隙阻滞,对照组患者使用0.375%罗哌卡因30 mL,观察组患者使用0.375%罗哌卡因联合0.5 μg/kg右美托咪定和0.1mg/kg地塞米松共30 mL,术后两组患者均连接静脉自控镇痛泵。比较两组患者入院后即刻（T0）、术前实施神经阻滞后12 h（T1）、入室时（T2）、术后12 h（T3）、24 h（T4）和48 h（T5）的静息视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scores, VAS）及T3~T5时刻的运动VAS评分;并记录两组患者术后镇痛泵的首次按压时间,镇痛药的使用剂量和不良反应的发生率;同时比较两组患者术前和术后1 d血清白细胞介素-6（interleukin-6, IL-6）、C反应蛋白（c reactive protein, CRP）、皮质醇（cortisol, Cor）、去甲肾上腺素（norepinephrine, NE）和肾上腺素（epinephrine, E）水平。结果 与对照组比较,观察组患者T2和T4时刻的静息VAS评分以及T3~T5时刻的运动VAS评分均降低（P<0.05）,且术后镇痛泵的首次使用时间推迟,镇痛药的使用剂量减少（P<0.05）。术后1 d,观察组血清IL-6、CRP、Cor、NE和E的水平明显低于对照组（P<0.05）,但两组患者术后并发症和不良反应的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 术前罗哌卡因联合右美托咪定和地塞米松行髂筋膜间隙阻滞可有效减轻高龄患者半髋关节置换术后的疼痛程度、延长镇痛时间、减轻术后炎症和应激反应,且安全可靠。