驻京津冀武警基层战士心理健康KABP调查及健康教育需求分析

 目的 了解武警基层战士心理健康相关知-信-行现状及健康教育需求,为有针对性地开展心理健康教育提供理论依据和数据支持。方法 自行设计的《武警基层战士心理健康相关知-信-行调查》问卷,采用整群方便抽样,对驻京津冀856名武警基层战士进行调查。结果 被调查战士心理健康相关知-信-行得分及格率分别为54.4%、97.1%和95.6%,总分及格率为94.1%。不同性别、文化程度、单位、家教、性格组间心理健康相关知-信-行总分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。非独生子女战士总分高于独生子女战士(P<0.05),参与过5次以上健康教育讲座的战士总分明显高于参与1~2次和3~5次的战士(P<0.05)。基层战士想了解的心理健康教育内容中,排前三位的是人际交往问题(78.89%)、心理学基本知识(73.04%)、自我意识问题(65.34%);喜欢的健康教育传播途径中,排前三位的是网络(手机、电脑)(66.48%)、现场讲座(65.19%)、视频讲座(60.77%);最愿意接受的传播者中,排前三位的是外请地方专家(40.51%)、部队专家(27.25%)、部队医院医师(13.12%)。适合的心理健康教育频率中,选择最多的是有规律地进行(57.92%)。结论 武警基层战士心理健康相关知-信-行现状良好,对健康教育需求有自身的特点,应有针对性地开展相关工作。     

Open surgical embolectomy for cardiogenic cerebral embolism: Technical note and its advantages

Background and importanceIn cardiogenic cerebral embolism, early recanalization is the most important factor for good prognosis. However, endovascular thrombectomy often fails to achieve recanalization. We present an open surgical embolectomy technique and discuss its advantages.Clinical presentationA 79-year-old woman developed right hemiparesis and severe aphasia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an acute cerebral infarction caused by left middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. We attempted endovascular thrombectomy but failed because it was impossible to guide the catheter to the occlusion site. Hence, we converted to open surgical embolectomy. Sylvian fissure was widely opened. After confirming the range of thrombosis using indocyanine green videoangiography (ICGVAG), the proximal and distal arteries were secured, and a temporary clip was placed on the distal M2 to prevent distal thrombosis migration. MCA was cut approximately 3 mm from the bifurcation, and thrombosis was removed using micro-forceps. The proximal clip was simultaneously inserted but was not clamped because the thrombus was extruded by proximal vascular flow. Immediately after removing the thrombus, intense bleeding occurred from the proximal flow. An assistant clamped the proximal artery using the prepared clip, and the incised area of MCA was sutured using 9-0 threads. We finally confirmed blood flow after recanalization using ICGVAG. The time from skin incision to recanalization was 27 min. After the procedure, the patient developed slight aphasia but had no hemiparesis and was later transferred to a rehabilitation hospital.ConclusionOpen surgical embolectomy may be a secondary rescue treatment option in the case of endovascular thrombectomy failure.     

海绵共附生真菌Nigrospora sp.的次级代谢产物及PD-1/PD-L1抑制活性研究

目的 研究海绵Callyspongia sp.共附生真菌Nigrospora sp.中化学成分以及生物活性。 方法 利用正相硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱层析和半制备型反相高效液相色谱(RPLC)等方法对该菌株乙酸乙酯提取物进行分离纯化;通过核磁共振谱(NMR)、质谱(MS)等技术并结合文献报道数据分析鉴定化合物结构;采用均相时间分辨荧光(HTRF)法检测化合物的PD-1/PD-L1结合抑制活性。结果 分离得到7个已知化合物,分别为punctaporonin D (1),punctaporonin E (2),punctaporonin F (3),desuccinoylpunctaporonin C (4),(20S, 22E, 24R)-麦角甾-7, 22-二烯-3β, 5α, 6β-三醇 (5),(22E, 24R)-麦角甾-3β-羟基-5α, 9α-环氧-7, 22-二烯-6-酮 (6),麦角甾-7, 22-二烯-6β-甲氧基-3β, 5α-二醇 (7)。在体外生物活性检测中,化合物6显示出PD-1/PD-L1结合抑制活性,其IC50值为22.5 μmol/L。结论 化合物4为新天然产物,化合物1-3和化合物6为首次从该属真菌中分离得到。化合物6显示PD-1/PD-L1结合抑制活性。     

抑郁症患者药物治疗前后单核细胞中microRNA表达水平变化与抑郁症状的关系

目的探讨抑郁症患者药物治疗前后单核细胞中micro RNA(mi RNA)的表达水平与抑郁症状的关系。方法纳入2012年8月-2013年10月解放军102医院收治的81例未经药物治疗、符合DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准的抑郁症患者作为病例组,纳入同期81例正常人作为对照组。抽取3例患者和3例正常人,采用基因芯片筛查出26种mi RNA,然后以实时荧光定量PCR技术检测两组单核细胞中9种mi RNA(mi R-146b、mi R-1972、mi R-26b、mi R-29b、mi R-338、mi R-4485、mi R-4498、mi R-4743和mi R-874)的表达水平。选取病例组中20例患者,分别在用药前和用药(包括文拉法辛、舍曲林、米氮平等)6周后检测mi RNA表达水平,并采用汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)和临床疗效总评量表(CGI)对治疗前及治疗6周后的临床症状及疗效进行评估。结果与对照组比较,病例组单核细胞中5种mi RNA(mi R-26b、mi R-4743、mi R-4498、mi R-4485、mi R-1972)表达上调,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。抗抑郁药治疗前后,Δmi RNA-1972、Δmi RNA-4485、Δmi RNA-4498、Δmi RNA-4743与阻滞因子的改善程度呈正相关(P<0.05),Δmi RNA-26b与日夜变化因子的改善程度呈负相关(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,mi RNA-4485能解释阻滞因子变异量的28.8%(P<0.05)。结论抑郁症患者单核细胞中mi R-26b、mi R-4743、mi R-4498、mi R-4485和mi R-1972可能作为反映抑郁症转归的生物标记物。     

The epigenetically active small chemical N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) prevents estrogen depletion induced osteoporosis

Currently, there are several treatments for osteoporosis however; they all display some sort of limitation and/or side effects making the need for new treatments imperative. We have previously demonstrated that NMP is a bioactive drug which enhances bone regeneration in vivo and acts as an enhancer of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in vitro. NMP also inhibits osteoclast differentiation and attenuates bone resorption.In the present study, we tested NMP as a bromodomain inhibitor and for osteoporosis prevention on ovariectomized (OVX) induced rats while treated systemically with NMP. Female Sprague–Dawley rats were ovariectomized and weekly NMP treatment was administrated 1 week after surgery for 15 weeks. Bone parameters and related serum biomarkers were analyzed. 15 weeks of NMP treatment decreased ovariectomy-induced gained weight in average by 43% and improved bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume over total volume (BV/TV) in rat femur on average by 25% and 41% respectively. Moreover, mineral apposition rate and bone biomarkers of bone turnover in the treatment group were at similar levels with those of the Sham group.Due to the function of NMP as a low affinity bromodomain inhibitor and its mechanism of action involving osteoblasts/osteoclasts balance and inhibitory effect on inflammatory cytokines, NMP is a promising therapeutic compound for the prevention of osteoporosis.     

Relationships between bone geometry,volumetric bone mineral density and bone microarchitecture of the distal radius and tibia with alcohol consumption

PurposeChronic heavy alcohol consumption is associated with bone density loss and increased fracture risk, while low levels of alcohol consumption have been reported as beneficial in some studies. However, studies relating alcohol consumption to bone geometry, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) and bone microarchitecture, as assessed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT), are lacking.MethodsHere we report an analysis from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study, in which we studied associations between HR-pQCT measures at the distal radius and tibia and alcohol consumption in 376 participants (198 men and 178 women) aged 72.1–81.4 years.ResultsA total of 30 (15.2%), 90 (45.5%) and 78 (39.4%) men drank minimal/none (< 1 unit/week), low (≥ 1 unit/week and < 11 units/week) and moderate/high (≥ 11 units/week) amounts of alcohol respectively. These figures were 74 (41.8%), 80 (45.2%) and 23 (13.0%) respectively in women for minimal/none (< 1 unit/week), low (≥ 1 unit/week and < 8 units/week) and moderate/high (≥ 8 units/week). At the distal radius, after adjustment for confounding factors (age, BMI, smoking status, dietary calcium intake, physical activity and socioeconomic status and years since menopause and HRT use for women), men that drank low alcohol had lower cortical thickness (p = 0.038), cortical vBMD (p = 0.033), and trabecular vBMD (p = 0.028) and higher trabecular separation (p = 0.043) than those that drank none/minimal alcohol. Similar differences were shown between minimal/none and moderate/high alcohol although these only reached statistical significance for the cortical parameters. Interestingly, after similar adjustment, women showed similar differences in the trabecular compartment between none/minimal alcohol and low alcohol at the distal tibia. However, women that drank moderate/high alcohol had significantly higher trabecular vBMD (p = 0.007), trabecular thickness (p = 0.026), and trabecular number (p = 0.042) and higher trabecular separation (p = 0.026) at the distal radius than those that drank low alcohol.ConclusionsOur results suggest that alcohol consumption (low and moderate/high) may have a detrimental impact on bone health in men in both the cortical and trabecular compartments at the distal radius with similar results in women in the trabecular compartment between none/minimal alcohol and low alcohol at the distal tibia suggesting that avoidance of alcohol may be beneficial for bone health.