红景天苷通过TLR4调控DC提高T细胞对肺癌3LL细胞的杀伤力

目的：探讨红景天苷（salidroside，SAL）对树突状细胞（dendritic cell，DC）表型及细胞毒性T细胞（cytotoxic T lympho‐cyte，CTL）抗肿瘤能力的影响。方法：选用Lewis肺癌细胞株3LL、野生型C57BL/6和TLR4-/-C57BL/6小鼠，获取小鼠骨髓来源的DC前体细胞，经过培养分化成未成熟DC，收获第6天的DC，经磁珠分选后获得纯度较高的CD11c+DC。将细胞分成PBS组、SAL组和脂多糖（lipopolysaccharide，LPS）组，培养48 h后用流式细胞术检测SAL体外对DC表面分子、吞噬功能、TLR4通路和对T细胞杀伤能力的影响。结果：与 PBS 组比较，SAL组DC的表面分子CD80、CD86、MHC Ⅱ表达水平显著升高（均 P<0.05）、吞噬功能显著下降（P<0.05）、TLR4 表达水平显著升高（P<0.01）；与野生型组比较，TLR4-/-组DC经SAL或LPS处理后，其表面分子CD80、CD86、MHC Ⅱ的表达水平显著降低（均P<0.05）；与PBS组比较，SAL组刺激活化的CTL对肺癌3LL细胞的杀伤效应显著升高（P<0.05）。结论：SAL可以通过调控TLR4诱导DC成熟，从而提高T细胞的杀伤能力     

Inactivated influenza vaccine formulated with single-stranded RNA-based adjuvant confers mucosal immunity and cross-protection against influenza virus infection

Influenza vaccination is considered the most valuable means to prevent and control seasonal influenza infections, which causes various clinical symptoms, ranging from mild cough and fever to even death. Among various influenza vaccine types, the inactivated subunit type is known to provide improved safety with reduced reactogenicity. However, there are some drawbacks associated with inactivated subunit type vaccines, with the main ones being its low immunogenicity and the induction of Th2-biased immune responses. In this study, we investigated the role of a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) derived from the intergenic region in the internal ribosome entry site of the Cricket paralysis virus as an adjuvant rather than the universal vaccine for a seasonal inactivated subunit influenza vaccine. The ssRNA adjuvant stimulated not only well-balanced cellular (indicated by IgG2a, IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α) and humoral (indicated by IgG1 and IL-4) immune responses but also a mucosal immune response (indicated by IgA), a key protector against respiratory virus infections. It also increases the HI titer, the surrogate marker of influenza vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, ssRNA adjuvant confers cross-protective immune responses against heterologous influenza virus infection while promoting enhanced viral clearance. Moreover, ssRNA adjuvant increases the number of memory CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, which can be expected to induce long-term immune responses. Therefore, this ssRNA-adjuvanted seasonal inactivated subunit influenza vaccine might be the best influenza vaccine generating robust humoral and cellular immune responses and conferring cross-protective and long-term immunity.     

Vacuum myofascial therapy device for non-specific neck pain. A single blind randomized clinical trial

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a vacuum myofascial therapy device (VT) for improving pressure pain thresholds (PPTs), range of motion (ROM), neck pain-related disability, pain, and quality of life in patients with non-specific neck pain.MethodsA randomized controlled trial in which thirty-eight participants with non-specific neck pain (NP) were randomly assigned to either an experimental (VT) or a comparison physical therapy program (PTP) group. The VT group (n = 19) received five sessions of treatment with a vacuum myofascial therapy device while the PTP group (n = 19) received five sessions of massage, ultrasound therapy (US), and transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) over two weeks. The outcome measures were the numerical pain rating scale (NPRS), range of motion, quality of life (SF-12), neck disability Index (NDI), and PPTs at the end of treatment and at one-month follow-up.ResultsAlthough both groups experienced improvements in pain, neck disability, range of motion, and pressure pain, these only were statistically significant in the VT group. At one-month follow-up, the VT group still showed improvements in pain, neck disability, and range of motion.DiscussionVacuum myofascial therapy applied with a device offers similar results to other vacuum-based techniques such as cupping therapy. Moreover, in this device the parameters are digitally controlled, which allows for the precise reproduction of treatment.     

Fruits and vegetables moderate lipid cardiovascular risk factor in hypertensive patients

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor in etiology of cardiovascular disease. Previous studies have shown association between vegetarian diet and low total serum cholesterol as well as LDL-cholesterol which is a pointer to low risk of cardiovascular disease. Dietary fiber, antioxidants and other classes of nutrients have been reported to ameliorate cardiovascular risk factors. Fruits and vegetables being rich sources of fiber and antioxidants have been the focus in intervention studies. The current work reports the effect local fruits and vegetables on cardiovascular risk factors in African hypertensive subjects in an 8 week study. Though there was no significant difference in the Body Mass Index and HDL-cholesterol at the end of the eighth week, there were significant reductions (P < 0.05) in serum triglycerides (125.87 ± 6.0 to108.27 ± 5.49 mgdL^-1); total serum cholesterol (226.60 ± 6.15 to 179.20 ± 5.78) and LDL-cholesterol (135.69 ± 5.56 to 93.07 ± 7.18 mgdL^-1). We concluded that consumption of combination of local fruits and vegetables may reduce the incidence of cardiovascular risk factors in Africans.     

中国汉坦病毒H82O5株G2糖蛋白基因的克隆及在真核细胞中的瞬时表达

从感染病毒乳鼠脑组织提取总RNA，采用RT－PCR和分子克隆技术将扩增到的G2糖蛋白基因插入含CMV启动子的pcDNA3.1/His质粒载体中，通过脂质体介导转染COS－7细胞，用SDS－PAGE、Western-blot及IFIA方法分别测定表达产物的相对分子量及特异性。结果证明获得正向插入的G2－pcDNA3.1/His重组表达质粒，表达产物的相对分子量为56ku，与理论预期大小一致，并且可与汉坦病毒H8205株的腹水抗体起特异反应。表明构建的G2－pcDNA3.1/His重组质粒所表达的蛋白为中国汉坦病毒株特有，能在哺乳动物细胞中表达并具有抗原性，重组质粒可应用于汉坦病毒的DNA疫苗研究。     

Clinical efficacy and adverse effects of weekly single dose leflunomide in refractory rheumatoid arthritis

AimTo study the clinical efficacy and adverse events of weekly single dose of leflunomide in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis in comparison with conventional daily regimen.MethodsPatients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis were taken up for the study; 91 patients were enlisted of whom 3 became non-compliant and were excluded. A concurrent parallel study was designed with the patients divided into two groups and efficacy and adverse events recorded at third and sixth months.ResultsA total of 88 patients were included in the study and were divided into two groups. At the end of 6 months, in the daily group 37 (82.2%) out of 45 patients had disease activity score (DAS) less than 3.2 indicating a low disease activity and 8 patients (17.8%) had moderate disease activity. None had high disease activity. In the weekly group, 36 (83.7%) out of 43 patients had low disease activity and 7 (16.3%) had moderate disease. None had high disease activity. Four (8.9%) patients developed adverse reactions in the daily group. One patient (2.2%) had alopecia and the other (2.2%) had diarrhoea and were withdrawn from the study. Two (4.4%) patients had elevated liver enzymes and the drug was stopped at 6 months. None in the weekly group reported any adverse events.ConclusionsWeekly regimen was found to be better in terms of compliance and had a lower adverse effect profile. The result was statistically significant. Clinical efficacy of weekly therapy was found to be similar to that of conventional therapy in terms of DAS.     

La mutilation génitale féminine.: De la tradition aux complications

The traditional custom of ritual cutting and alteration of the genitalia of female is referred to as female genital mutilation (FGM). The procedure is a highly valued ritual since antiquity. FGM exist in many religions. It persist today primarily in Africa. FGM is performed at a different age. Typically procedure is done without anesthesia. Multiple reasons are proposed to explain FGM. The FGM is classified into four types based on the severity of structural disfigurement. FGM can have multiple consequences for a woman throughout her life. Physical, psychological, sexual and social consequences of FGM are common, and often lead to death. FGM is a practice that violates the fundamental human rights of girls and women to good health. All forms of FGM must be opposed with educational programs and information about the negative impacts of FGM. Nevertheless, the eradication is difficult.     

关于奥运志愿者精神对党建教育意义的探析——让学生在参与中发现、实现自身的价值

奥运志愿者精神是北京奥运会的宝贵精神遗产。充分发挥奥运志愿者精神的社会教育作用，有利于提升当代大学生的奉献精神，激发其创新能力；同时，奥运志愿者精神也是培育大学生党员的重要载体。