北京市昌平区南口镇农村社区不同糖代谢人群饮食摄入量与构成比

目的探讨北京市昌平区南口镇农村社区不同糖代谢人群饮食摄入量与构成比的特点。方法在2014年3月至2015年1月间,对《北京农村社区2型糖尿病管理模式的建立》项目的人群进行2 h 75 g口服葡萄糖粉的葡萄糖耐量试验及饮食调查。排除既往类固醇药物及降糖降脂药物使用者及合并严重心脑血管、肝肾疾病者,共得到485例完整数据(糖耐量异常187例,2型糖尿病129例,正常169例)。结果糖尿病组豆乳类摄入量高于IGT组(P0.05),干豆类高于正常组和IGT组(P0.05);正常组薯类和鱼类摄入量高于IGT组(P0.05),谷类则小于IGT组(P0.05);3组受试者共同比较,各种宏量营养素的摄入量及供能比差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);3组人群动植物食物的摄入量、粗粮和膳食纤维的摄入量差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论单纯的饮食改变可能不是农村糖尿病发病率增加的主要原因。     

Polydioxanone-based bio-materials for tissue engineering and drug/gene delivery applications

Since the commercialization of polydioxanone (PDX) as a biodegradable monofilament suture by Ethicon in 1981, the polymer has received only limited interest until recently. The limitations of polylactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) coupled with the growing need for materials with enhanced features and the advent of new fabrication techniques such as electrospinning have revived interest for PDX in medical devices, tissue engineering and drug delivery applications. Electrospun PDX mats show comparable mechanical properties as the major structural components of native vascular extracellular matrix (ECM) i.e. collagen and elastin. In addition, PDX’s unique shape memory property provides rebound and kink resistance when fabricated into vascular conduits. The synthesis of methyl dioxanone (MeDX) monomer and copolymers of dioxanone (DX) and MeDX have opened up new perspectives for poly(ester-ether)s, enabling the design of the next generation of tissue engineering scaffolds for application in regenerating such tissues as arteries, peripheral nerve and bone. Tailoring of polymer properties and their formulation as nanoparticles, nanomicelles or nanofibers have brought along important developments in the area of controlled drug or gene delivery.This paper reviews the synthesis of PDX and its copolymers and provides for the first time an exhaustive account of its applications in the (bio)medical field with focus on tissue engineering and drug/gene delivery.