宫腔镜电凝辅助宫颈冷刀锥切术诊治CIN 130例临床分析

目的探讨宫腔镜电凝辅助宫颈冷刀锥切术在宫颈上皮内瘤样病变(CIN)诊治中的临床价值。方法回顾性分析因宫颈上皮内瘤样病变而行宫腔镜电凝辅助宫颈冷刀锥切术治疗的130例患者的临床资料。结果宫腔镜辅助宫颈冷刀锥切术和阴道镜多点活检病理符合者70例(53.8%);不符合者60例(46.2%),其中升级者38例(29.3%),降级者22例(16.9%)。结论宫腔镜电凝辅助宫颈冷刀锥切术在诊治宫颈上皮内瘤样病变中具有重要价值,可以提高宫颈上皮内瘤样病变诊断的准确率。     

Protective measures for patients with advanced cancer during the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic: Quo vadis?

Clinical & Experimental Metastasis - Cancer patients represent a vulnerable cohort during the Sars-CoV-2 pandemic. Oncological societies have generated a plethora of recommendations, but...     

吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶在肿瘤及肿瘤耐药中的研究现状

吲哚胺2,3-双加氧酶(IDO)是一种肝外催化色氨酸沿犬尿氨酸途径降解的限速酶。IDO抑制药被用在不同恶性肿瘤及耐药肿瘤治疗的相关实验中,特别是与放疗和化疗相结合时取得了良好的效果。本文将对IDO及其抑制药对肿瘤及肿瘤耐药的影响进行综述。     

高危型人乳头瘤病毒阴性/不典型鳞状细胞和低度鳞状上皮内病变患者的随访观察

目的分析高危型人乳头瘤病毒(high-risk human papillomavirus,HR-HPV)阴性的不典型鳞状细胞(atypical squamous cells undetermined significance,ASCUS)和低度鳞状上皮内病变(low squamous intraepithelial lesion,LSIL)患者的随访结果,探讨HR-HPV阴性的ASCUS和LSIL患者的合理处理方法。方法回顾性分析2010年1月1日至2012年12月31日期间,就诊于首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院妇科门诊,HR-HPV阴性、宫颈液基细胞学为ASCUS和LSIL的356例患者的病理资料,对HR-HPV阴性的ASCUS和LSIL经阴道镜及宫颈活检排除高级别病变的306例患者定期进行HR-HPV随访。HR-HPV检测采用杂交检测法2代(hybird capture-Ⅱ,HC-Ⅱ)。结果 HR-HPV阴性/ASCUS和LSIL患者宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervical intraepithelial lesions,CIN)-Ⅲ及以上病变发病率分别为7.9%和9.1%。HR-HPV阳性/ASCUS和LSIL患者CIN-Ⅲ及以上病变发病率分别是22.9%和17.9%。HRHPV阳性的ASCUS和LSIL患者CIN-Ⅲ及以上病变发病率明显高于HR-HPV阴性患者,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.000)。HRHPV阳性对ASCUS及LSIL患者宫颈高级别病变的阴性预测值分别为87.13%和84.42%。HR-HPV阴性/ASCUS和LSIL患者CIN-Ⅱ及以上病变检出率是14.3%。不同年龄段的HR-HPV阴性/ASCUS和LSIL的患者,宫颈高级别病变患者的发生率不同,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。30~39岁妇女宫颈高级别病变的发生率最高(18.2%)。结论 HR-HPV阴性的ASCUS和LSIL患者发生CIN-Ⅲ及以上病变分别是7.9%和9.1%,CIN-Ⅱ及以上病变达14.3%,30~39岁的HR-HPV阴性/ASCUS和LSIL患者宫颈高级别病变发生率达18%,建议对于HR-HPV阴性的ASCUS和LSIL患者应行阴道镜检查可疑病变部位活检。     

A young male adolescent with feminine appearance: diagnosis of 46, XX syndrome neglected for 4 years with gynaecomastia presentation

Gynaecomastia is common in infancy and adolescent boys, but other inciting causes should be kept in mind and necessitate further evaluation should be conducted to determine any underlying conditions. A 22‐year‐old unmarried male adolescent visited our endocrinology clinic for feminine appearance despite operations for bilateral gynaecomastia 4 years ago. Physical examination showed inverted triangular distribution of pubic hair, sparse beard, small‐sized testes, flaccid short penis and surgical scar of the chest wall. Serum hormones study revealed primary hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, and cytogenetic study disclosed female complement (46, XX). The authors recommend that sexual chromosome abnormality should be considered in patients with hypogonadism to avert androgen deficiency‐related complications early and that long‐term team care should be provided to improve the patient's health‐related quality of life.     

妊娠高血压综合征并发脑出血临床分析

目的 探讨妊娠高血压综合征（妊高征）并发脑出血的临床特点.方法 对妊高征并发脑出血患者的临床资料进行分析.结果 妊高征并发脑出血主要临床表现为不明原因的头痛、意识障碍,头CT检查有助于确诊,积极治疗妊高征并配合神经科治疗为本病的主要治疗措施.结论 预防妊高征并发脑出血的主要措施是产前定期系统的检查,发现患者出现头痛、呕吐及意识障碍应及时行头CT检查,积极治疗妊高征及其他相关治疗,可改善妊高征并发脑出血的预后.     

Preterm Labor: CD55 in Maternal Blood Leukocytes

Problem Intrauterine inflammation is a frequent and significant factor associated with the pathogenesis of preterm labor/birth (PTL/PTB). However, it remains unclear whether the intrauterine inflammatory responses activate the maternal peripheral circulation. We explored the association between PTL/PTB and the ‘activation’ of the peripheral circulatory system by determining whether CD55 mRNA expression within peripheral WBCs differed between PTL and control patients not in labor. Method of Study RNA was purified from white blood cells collected from pregnant women with preterm labor (n = 45), and from pregnant (n = 30) control women. CD55 gene expression was evaluated by quantitative PCR. Results The mean CD55 mRNA level within the PTL group (0.77 ± 0.03) was 1.48‐fold higher than that observed (0.52 ± 0.02) within the control group (P < 0.0001); 71% of PTL patients and only 6.7% of control subjects expressed elevated CD55 mRNA. The receiver operating characteristics (with 95% CI) of CD55 as a marker for PTL were as follows: Sensitivity, 69% (53–82%); Specificity, 93% (78–99%); Positive Predictive Value, 94% (80–99%); and Negative Predictive Value, 67% (51–80%). In the patient population that delivered prematurely (before 37 weeks), 81% expressed elevated CD55 mRNA levels with a mean of 0.78 ± 0.03 and 95% CI of 0.71–0.84. The receiver operating characteristics were as follows: Sensitivity, 73% (54–88%); Specificity, 86% (71–95%); Positive Predictive Value, 81.5% (62–94%); and Negative Predictive Value, 80% (64–91%). Conclusion Here we report for the first time that CD55 mRNA expression was elevated in the peripheral WBCs of subjects with preterm labor compared with control gestationally‐matched pregnant woman and that elevated leukocyte CD55 may be a useful predictor of subsequent PTB.     

北京市郊区育龄妇女叶酸服用现状调查

目的 了解2016年北京市郊区备孕期及妊娠期妇女叶酸的补充现状。方法 2016年10-11月采用整群抽样方法在北京市郊区抽取6家医院，共计722名育龄妇女进行问卷调查。结果 有效样本量为714人，叶酸服用率为63.9%（456/714）；叶酸规律服用率为83.3%（380/456）。在记得叶酸服用天数的450名妇女中，35.5%（159/450）在孕前开始服用叶酸，其中27.3%（123/450）在孕前0~3个月开始服用叶酸，8.0%（36/450）在孕前3个月开始服用叶酸。多因素logistic回归分析发现户口性质、备孕期或妊娠期、产妇类型、吸烟和饮酒情况是服用叶酸产品或复合产品的影响因素。结论 北京市郊区育龄妇女叶酸服用现状不容乐观，需要进一步加大叶酸相关知识的宣传力度，从而提高叶酸服用率和规律服用率、促进母婴健康及降低母婴并发症。     

β-hCG、Uric Acid和ET含量与妊高征疾病程度的关系

目的评价妊高征患者血中β绒毛膜促性腺激素、尿酸和内皮素的水平及其关系。探讨B—hCG、Uric Acid和ET在妊高征发病中的作用。方法按标准将70例妊高征分为：轻度35例，重、中度35例。另选正常中晚期妊娠妇女30例；β—hCG测定采用化学发光法；尿酸测定采用生化分析法；ET采用放射免疫测定法。结果重、中度妊高征组ET、β-hCG和Uric Acid含量均高于正常中晚期妊娠组（P均〈0．05～0．01）；轻度妊高征组血浆ET和β-hCG水平与正常中晚期妊娠组无显著性差异（P〉0．05）；Uric Acid水平高于正常中晚期妊娠组（P〈0．05）；重、中度妊高征组ET、β-hCG和Uric Acid水平均高于轻度妊高征组（P〈0．05）；重、中度妊高征组血中ET、β—hCG和Uric Acid呈正相关（r=0．5713，r=0．5688，r=0．5849，P均〈0．05）；而轻度妊高征组和正常晚期妊娠组血中ET和β—hCG变化无显著性相关（P〉0．05）。血清尿酸水平与血压仅有较弱的相关性（r=0．2313）。结论重、中度妊高征血管内皮细胞损伤可能与胎盘滋养细胞功能失调相关。尿酸水平可以作为判断高血压孕妇是否合并妊高征的监测方法之一。