复方通络中药改善肥胖患者血管内皮细胞功能障碍研究

目的观察复方通络中药对单纯性肥胖患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能障碍的干预效应，探讨其作用机制。方法应用高分辨血管超声检查选择血管内皮依赖性舒张功能障碍[以血流介导的肱动脉扩张率（FMD）表示]肥胖患者（65例），随机分为通络中药治疗组和对照组。治疗组32例，对照组33例。治疗组给予辛香疏络2号胶囊，3g／次，每日3次；对照组给予淀粉胶囊，3g／次，每日3次。共用药12周，分别测定用药前后FMD、肱动脉内径（D0），同时检测辛香疏络2号治疗前后患者血清总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）的变化。结果治疗后治疗组FMD较对照组明显增加（P〈0．01），TC、TG较治疗前及对照组明显下降（P〈0．01）。结论复方通络中药辛香疏络2号胶囊可明显改善肥胖患者血管内皮障碍，调节血脂可能是其改善血管内皮功能机制之一。     

硫酸锌对大鼠移植胰腺再灌注损伤的保护作用

Objective:To study the protective effects of the heat shock protein 70 （HSP70）induced by zinc sulfate on reperfusion injury following pancreaticoduodenal transplantation in rats.Methods :The homologous male Wistar rat model of heterotopic total pancreaticoduodenal transplantation was used. The ZnSO4 treated rats received the intravenous injection of Zn2+5 mins before and after operation at a dose of 5 mg/kg (Zn 1 group),10 mg/kg(Zn 2 group) and 15 mg/kg(Zn 3 group), and the control group with the same volume of saline. The tissue concentration of HSP70 was determined using Western Blot. In addition，blood sugar (BG) and serum concentration of amylase and lipase were examined 24h after transplantation, and the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the pancrease graft was measured at the same time. Histological observation was performed.Results:Light microscopic studies showed that histomorphological changes of pancreas in Zn 2 group and Zn 1 group were much less than those in control group and Zn 3 group. The value of BG and serum lipase and MPO in Zn 2 group ＜ Zn 1 group 相似文献   

Looking Ahead in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Integrating New Agents in the Armamentarium of the Urologist

Urologists play a pivotal role in many aspects of the care of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, until recently, in some European countries, they have rarely been involved in the systemic treatment of this disease or in the design of clinical trials. This is undoubtedly set to change with the emergence of new oral, molecularly targeted therapies for RCC. Sorafenib (Nexavar^®; Bayer Healthcare, West Haven, CT, USA) is one such therapy, which has already been shown to be efficacious and well tolerated for the treatment of RCC. Although targeted agents show great promise for the treatment of RCC, their precise role in the treatment of metastatic disease, and in adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings has yet to be defined. Drawing from their extensive experience of RCC, urologists will be instrumental in the design and application of clinical studies to define the role of targeted therapies in all settings of RCC and, ultimately, to integrate targeted therapies into clinical practice. Through increased understanding of the molecular pathways involved in RCC, research into diagnostic and prognostic markers, and commitment to clinical trials, urologists can be at the forefront of this progress.     

副神经节细胞瘤的影像诊断

目的探讨副神经节细胞瘤的影像特点，提高其诊断正准率。方法对25例副神经节细胞瘤的影像资料进行分析，探讨不同影像检查方法诊断副神经节细胞瘤的价值。结果16例位于腹膜后、4例位于心脏、2例位于膀胱、2例位于胸腔近膈顶处、1例位于肝门区。以囊实性为主，与周围组织分界不清，MR及CT平扫肿瘤信号及密度不均匀，增强扫描实性部分可明显强化。17例肾上腺髓质^131I-间碘苄胍（^131I-MIBG）显像阳性率为88．2％（15例）；7例行生长抑素受体^99Tc^m-奥曲肽（^99Tc^m-octreotide）显像者，6例阳性。结论CT、MRI可显示肿瘤内部结构特征及与周围组织的关系，^131I-MIBG显像有定性价值，^99Tc-octreotide显像可提供补充信息。     

软组织扩张中扩张囊内外的细菌学分析

目的研究软组织扩张术患者扩张囊内、外的细菌数量及种类，为临床上防治扩张术感染提供依据。方法连续采集33例扩张术患者的51枚扩张囊内、外的液体标本，进行常规细菌培养和药敏试验，并将其结果进行统计学处理，采用Y0检验和Kappa检验。结果扩张囊内、外的细菌检出率分别为3．92％（2枚）、17．65％（9枚），囊外阳性率显著高于囊内（P〈0．05），囊内、外细菌的检出结果一致性较差（Kappa〈0．4）。细菌种类为金黄色葡萄球菌和凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌，对庆大霉素、去甲万古霉素、环丙沙星均敏感。33例患者（51枚）中，有10例患者（10枚）检出细菌，仅有1例患者（1枚）出现临床感染症状，致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌。结论严格消毒后进行穿刺注水导致感染的几率很低，而感染后的细菌培养和药敏试验是治疗的关键。     

虾青素对成骨细胞羟自由基氧化损伤的影响

目的：在H2O2胁迫下，研究虾青素增强成骨细胞抗自由基损伤的作用。方法：用H2O2作用MC3T3-E1成骨细胞，建立自由基损伤细胞模型。培养的成骨细胞分为对照组、模型组、虾青素低剂量组（1×10^-7mol／L）、虾青素中剂量组（1×10^-6mol／L）和虾青素高剂量组（1×10^-5mol／L）。测定不同处理组细胞活力、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase，SOD）活性、活性自由氧（reactive oxygen species，ROS）含量、脂质过氧化物（lipid oxygen，IJP0）含量，同时利用荧光偏振法测定细胞膜流动性。结果：模型组细胞活力、SOD活性、细胞膜流动性均比各剂量虾青素组显著降低（P〈0．01），而ROS、LPO含量均比各剂量虾青素组显著升高（P〈0．01）。结论：H2O2摄入会导致大鼠成骨细胞的氧化损伤，而虾青素可以预防或降低此类损伤对细胞的影响。     

载脂蛋白A1、B基因多态性对非创伤性股骨头坏死发生的影响

目的:探讨载脂蛋白A1、B基因多态性对非刨伤性股骨头坏死(avascular necrosis of the femoral head,ANFH)发生的影响.方法:应用聚合酶链反应对中国北方汉族143例ANFH患者和92例正常人分别扩增含Apo AI基因启动子-75 bp和第一内舍子 83 bp及Apo B基因Eco RI、XbaI和3-VNTR的DNA片段,限制性内切酶酶切扩增产物,琼脂糖凝胶电泳分离基因多态性.结果:Apo A1基因启动子-75 bp处,ANFH患者中A/A基因型频率明显高于正常组(P＜0.01),而G/A基因型频率明显低于正常组(P＜0.01).Apo AI内舍子 83 bp位点,Apo B基因Eco RI、Xba I位点和3-VNTR区域ANFH患者组和正常组基因型及等位基因频率分布无统计学差异.结论:Apo A1基因启动子区域-75bp位点A/A型可能是非创伤性股骨头坏死易感基因之一,但未能发现Apo A1第一内舍子 83 bp位点及Apo B基因Eco RI、XbaI和3-VNTR位点多态性与非创伤性股骨头坏死发生有明显的关系.     

α核素非均匀微观分布对细胞微剂量的影响

目的探讨放射免疫治疗中α核素在细胞水平上非均匀微观分布对细胞S因子的影响。方法利用蒙特卡罗方法随机模拟α粒子的发射;基于连续慢化近似模型,根据α粒子剩余射程-能量的关系,采用插值法计算α粒子入射动能和出射动能,得到其在靶区内的能量沉积。以213Po为例,计算了不同细胞大小及核素不同微观分布（均匀分布、中心分布、随核素距细胞中心的距离线性递增、线性递减、指数递增、指数递减）下细胞对细胞的S因子。结果213Po均匀分布下的S（C←C）与Hamacher给出的结果符合得很好;不同微分布下的S（C←C）有显著差别。分析表明,核素不同微观分布所造成的α粒子在靶区内运动的平均弦长的显著变化,以及由此产生的α粒子平均碰撞阻止本领的变化,是造成细胞S因子有显著差别的主要原因。结论放射性核素非均匀微分布类型显著影响细胞S因子的大小,在估算细胞吸收剂量时应予以重视。